Exam 3 Multiple Choice

The population of the planet doubled in fifty years to reach _______ in 1999?

6 billion

Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority?

Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power.

What is discrimination?

Biased actions against an individual or group

Which of the following statements is not true?

Blacks have lower cancer rates than whites.

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader.

Charismatic

Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through:

Conflict

Sociologist G. William Domhoff's Who Rules America? asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ____ perspective.

Conflict theory

Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?

Conflict theory

Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?

Courtship

Which is not one of functionalism's four main purposes of government?

Equally distributing resources

Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________.

Families, society, and the individual

The class, race, and gender inequalities in our healthcare system support the _____________ perspective.

Functionalist

What is the one defining feature of a minority group?

Lack of power

Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader?

Legal-rational

How does gentrification affect cities?

Less affluent residents are pushed into less desirable areas.

The process by which aspects of life that were considered bad or deviant are redefined as sickness and needing medical attention to remedy is called:

Medicalization

Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________.

Perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status

Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?

Symbolic interactionism

Which is an example of environmental racism?

The fact that a disproportionate percentage of people of color live in environmentally hazardous areas

Which of the following is not part of the rights and responsibilities of a sick person under the functionalist perspective?

The sick person can take as long as she wants to get better.

What is social epidemiology?

The study of the causes and distribution of diseases

What types of municipal projects often result in environmental racism?

Toxic dumps or other objectionable projects

What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?

Tracking

In the U.S. Senate, it is customary to assign each senator a seniority ranking based on years of government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the senate floor. What type of authority does this example best illustrate?

Traditional

Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.

Transmission of moral education