Exam 3 Reading Questions

What is JS's estimated GFR when expressed in mL/min?

57 mL/min

The kidney is responsible for synthesizing each of the following hormones, except:

PTH

Which of the most appropriate method to quantify proteinuria in a patient with CKD risk factors such as diabetes?

Spot or random urine albumin:creatinine ratio

A patient who is suffering from "Caffeinism" usually will have a daily intake of approximately ______________ mg of caffeine and commonly will demonstrate what typical common symptoms?

1,000-1,500 mg: anxiety/mood changes/psychomotor alterations

What is JS's estimated GFR (in mL/min/1.73 m^2)?

50 mL/min/1.73 m^2

JS is a 70-year-old male of African American ancestry (5 ft 8 in [173 cm], 85 kg) with a history of hypertension and CKD. His serum creatinine today is 1.50 mg/dL (133 µmol/L) (using the IDMS calibrated assay). What is his estimated creatinine clearance?

55.0 mL/min

Progression to end-stage kidney disease can be estimated using all the following except:

Urinary cystatin C concentration

Which of the following kidney function indices is least affected by dietary protein intake?

Urine sodium

Which of the following kidney function indices is most influenced by changes in fluid or volume status?

Urine specific gravity

Which statement is true regarding ENDS (electronic nicotine delivery systems)?

Use of ENDS has dramatically increased among the middle school and high school age population and is now the most common tobacco product in this age group

The glomerulus is primarily responsible for _________ of unbound drug in the kidney.

filtration

According to the intact nephron hypothesis, single nephron GFR ___________ in the surviving nephrons.

remains the same

In the clinical setting, the renal clearance of PAH is considered an index of _________________.

renal plasma or blood flow

Active drug secretion occurs most often in which of the following nephron segments?

Proximal tubule

Which of the following NRTs would be appropriate for a 45-year-old individual who smokes 35 cigarettes per day? Upon further discussion, you discover they smoke their first cigarette about 10 minutes after waking up each morning. Past medical history includes hypertension, asthma, and seizure disorder. Medication allergies include angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and adhesive.

Nicotine gum 4 mg: chew and park gum as directed every 1 to 2 hours prn

Per labeling, which of the following smoking cessation aids recommend smoking must stop before using this agent?

Nicotrol inhaler

Which of the following agents is considered second-line therapy for smoking cessation treatment?

Nortriptyline

Which of the following is/are involved in drug influx at the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubule?

OCT1-3 and OAT1-3

When using the Cockcroft-Gault equation to estimate creatinine clearance in obese patients, it is recommended that lean body weight be used in patients with:

BMI > 40 kg/m^2

Which of the following equations is most appropriate for estimating a patient's GFR for the purpose of determining their CKD category/stage?

CKD-EPIcreatinine equation

Based on the USPSTF taskforce recommendations, which of the following statements is false?

For pregnant individuals, the only FDA-approved NRT agent suggested by the USPSTF was the Nicotrol inhaler

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Nicotine Patch?

To improve adherence of the patch, after placing the patch on, hold the patch in place for 10 seconds