Exam 5
Which statement is true of viral replication?
During attachment, the virus attaches at specific sites on the cell surface.
Which of the following statements about virus structure is true?
Glycoproteins help the virus attach to the host cell.
Why is the Lac operon in prokaryotes an example of simpler gene regulation than seen in eukaryotes?
The operons regulate more than one protein at a time.
Why can't the bases sequence TGCCGAACTTGAA be translated directly?
This is a segment of DNA, not RNA.
Each transfer RNA has a sequence complimentary to the codon known as the:
anticodon
Explain the genetic code in terms of information flow in the central dogma:
It is a way of making sure the correct protein is made from the messenger RNA.
GMOs are created by
-generating genomic DNA fragments with restriction endonucleases -introducing recombinant DNA into an organism by any means -overexpressing proteins in \textit{E. coli}E. coli.
Whole-genome sequencing can be used for advances in:
-the medical field -agriculture -biofuels
Figure 21.10 Which of the following statements is false? a. In the lytic cycle, new phage are produced and released into the environment. b. In the lysogenic cycle, phage DNA is incorporated into the host genome. c. An environmental stressor can cause the phage to initiate the lysogenic cycle. d. Cell lysis only occurs in the lytic cycle.
c. Figure 21.10 An environmental stressor can cause the phage to initiate the lysogenic cycle.
Which statement is true of reverse transcriptase?
c. It transcribes RNA to make DNA.
The flow of information in genetics is often diagrammed in the following way, DNA <----> RNA ----> Protein, and is better known as the
central dogma of molecular genetics
Genetic recombination occurs by which process?
crossing over
Which of the following statements about virus structure is true? a. All viruses are encased in a viral membrane. b. The capsomere is made up of small protein subunits called capsids. c. DNA is the genetic material in all viruses. d. Glycoproteins help the virus attach to the host cell.
d. Glycoproteins help the virus attach to the host cell.
Which type of RNA carries the code for the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
messenger RNA
If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac operon will be
repressed
If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac operon will be _____________.
repressed.
What are epigenetic modifications?
the addition of reversible changes to histone proteins and DNA
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. Therefore, the genes in prokaryotic cells are:
transcribed and translated almost simultaneously and transcriptionally controlled because translation begins before transcription ends
The process of converting DNA to RNA is called:
transcription
How many subunits does the ribosome contain?
two subunits Ribosomes consist of two subunits that fit together (Figure 2) and work as one to translate the mRNA into a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis (Figure 1).
Viruses ________
vary in shape
Which of the following transfer RNA binding sites is found on the ribosome?
A, P, E
Figure 21.10 Which of the following statements is false?
An environmental stressor can cause the phage to initiate the lysogenic cycle.
Post translational control refers to:
Regulation of gene expression after translation
If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac operon will be?
Repressed
What is a biomarker?
a protein that is uniquely produced in a diseased state
Which statement is true of viral replication? a. In the process of apoptosis, the cell survives. b. During attachment, the virus attaches at specific sites on the cell surface. c. The viral capsid helps the host cell produce more copies of the viral genome. d. mRNA works outside of the host cell to produce enzymes and proteins.
b. During attachment, the virus attaches at specific sites on the cell surface.
