Exam ART

Robert Smithson's Spiral Jetty is an example of a(n)______ which uses natural materials in its construction.

Earthwork

Built for the World's Fair in 1889, the________ was an early experiment in iron construction.

Eiffel Tower

Who was the architect of the transformative Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?

Frank Gehry

Fallingwater (the Kaufmann House in Mill Run, Pennsylvania) is a prime example of the "organic" architecture of what designer?

Frank llopyd wright

What type of professional organization had been in existence for centuries, determining how young artists were trained and how new professionals administered business?

Guild

Why is wood such a popular craft material?

It is abundant and relatively easy to work.

______ are broad areas of content reflected in the arts of many cultures.

Themes

What style of art is associated with the New York School?

abstract expressionism

What medium, invented in the twentieth century, resembles oil paint, but dries very quickly and is far more durable?

acrylic

What type of painting reveals the traces of an act, the painter's dance of creation?

action

What was an important part of an artist's path in past eras such as the Middle Ages?

apprenticeship

What is the practice of one artist reproducing or transforming an image that was created by another artist, claiming the reproduced or transformed image as their own?

appropriation

Which Abstract Expressionist artist was NOT a painter?

architecture

What type of work is Robert Rauschenberg's Canyon?

assemblage

________ is a sculptural process of bringing together individual pieces, segments, or objects to form a sculpture.

assemblage

What type of art was called "degenerate" by Adolf Hitler?

avant-garde

What is the most common way to shape a hollow glass vessel?

blowing

______ is the suppression of words or pictures that a group or individuals find offensive, indecent or dangerous.

censorship

What feature must be present in a work that is symmetrically balanced?

central axis

Impressionism got its name from a painting called Impression, Sunrise, by which artist?

claud monet

In sculpture, what is the most popular modeling material?

clay

oseph Kosuth's considering the double life of words as image and idea at once in his One and Three Chairsidentifies it as______ art.

conceptual

______ was developed by ancient Greeks as a naturalistic pose for sculptures of the human figure.

contrapposto

In the 1970's, Mexican American prisoners were provided with____________ as surfaces to create drawings on to communicate with loved ones outside prison?

cotton handkerchiefs

Iconoclasm means the________ of images based on religious beliefs.

destruction

Drawing attention to an area by contrasting dark and light is one way of demonstrating ______.

diagonal

What type of medium is frequently used in post-internet art?

digital software

Drawing attention to an area by contrasting dark and light is one way of demonstrating ______.

distribute visual weight according

The quintessential Abstract Expressionist was Jackson Pollock, who by the late 1940s had perfected:

drip technique

Serpent Mound and Spiral Jetty are what type of works?

earthworks

Drawing attention to an area by contrasting dark and light is one way of demonstrating ______.

emphasis

What painting technique, used in the first century in Egypt, Greece, and Rome, involves the use of wax?

encaustic

To better understand the statue Amida Buddha, what does the protuberance or ushnisha on top of the figure's head represent?

enlightenment

The__________ doctrine of copyright law in the United States allows usage without gaining permission when a new work significantly transforms the original, criticizes it, satirizes it, and only employs as much of the original as necessary for the new intention.

fair use

If our attention is drawn to a proportionately small, clearly defined part of an artwork, this is known as a what?

focal point

What technique shapes metal through hammer blows?

forging

What is the most common product of woodworking art?

furniture

Works of art that show or record everyday life, such as views of domestic peacefulness or hunting, are called__________ scenes.

genre

A flying buttress is an arched exterior support system found on what style of building?

gothic

During the 1920s,_______ served as a magnet for some of the greatest Black American talents of that generation: artists, musicians, composers, actors, writers, poets, scientists, and educators.

harlem

The use of scale to indicate relative importance is known as ________ scale.

hierarchical

What message was conveyed in Shepard Fairey's immensely popular poster that became the unofficial symbol of Barak Obama's presidential campaign?

hope

The spontaneity and directness of painting outdoors—made possible with portable oil colors—is evident in works by________ artists.

impressionist

Casting is known as a(n)________ method.

indirect

What is an example of a liquid medium?

ink

A__________ may be a meticulous rendering of the terrain of the natural world as an artist has observed or a vision of the artist's imagination.

landscape

What term is used to describe how text and images appear on a page?

layout

Which visual element can best be described as "the path of a moving point"?

light

What printing technique uses a grease-based crayon, known by its German name, tusche?

lithography

What subject did Realist artists seek to depict?

lives of the middle and lower class

A________ is often the first and key element in creating a complete corporate identity.

logo

In printmaking, a(n)______ is a surface on which a design is prepared before being transferred through pressure to a receiving surface such as paper.

matrix

What genre of art sought to explore the possibilities of pure form?

minimalist

What term describes the use of light and shadow to give a three-dimensional appearance to shapes in a two-dimensional work?

model

What type of balance is based on repeating without hierarchy?

mosaic

During the 20th century, which became a recognized element of art?

motion

Andy Goldsworthy uses________ materials to create sculptures that are ephemeral.

natural

If an artist creates a work that faithfully represents our visual experience, their approach is:

naturalistic

Which Abstract Expressionist artist was NOT a painter?

nevelson

What part of the pen determines the quality of the line (thick, thin, even in width or variable, coarse, or flowing)?

nib

The round opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called a(n):

oculus

Which of the following is an example of a nonaqueous medium?

oil paint

In art, shapes that suggest forms found in nature are called________ shapes.

organic

The creation of a photographic body of work around an event, place, or culture is known as:

photojournalism

The coloring material in virtually all drawing media is known as:

pigment

What quality of the Kodak camera helped change the history of photography?

portability

The Byodo-in Temple in Kyoto, Japan, is an elegant example of what structural system?

post-and-lintel

What is the fastest method of creating a hollow, rounded clay form?

potters wheel

What were the two developments that created graphic design?

printing press and Industrial Revolution

Marcel Duchamp's Fountain is an example of what art form?

ready-mades

What artistic style avoided sentimentality?

realism

A rubber stamp creates what type of print?

relief

Rhythm is derived from what?

repetition

What is a necessary feature of pattern?

repetition

What is the principal ingredient in glass?

sand

What was the subject matter of much Impressionist art?

scene of leisure involving the middle class

Mixing two primary colors produces a________ color.

secondary

For what genre is artist Frida Kahlo known?

self-portraits

Which artist developed the Pointillist technique?

seurat

Both scale and proportion pertain to __________.

size

An artist's ___________, such as drawings to record ideas, observations and notes, provides a peek into the initial steps of the creative process.

sketchbook

What is the primary characteristic of watercolors?

sketches

What term refers to the recurring pattern of choices—characteristic subject matter or materials, distinctive ways of drawing or applying paint, preferences for certain colors or color combinations—in an artist's work?

style

Which art movement was directly influenced by Sigmund Freud's theories of the unconscious?

surrealism

This kind of balance means that two halves of a composition mirror one another across a central axis with an imaginary horizontal or vertical line dividing the composition in two.

symmetrical

What term is used to describe the ability of a material to withstand tension?

tensile strength

What is another term used to describe fired clay?

terra cotta

The Arts and Crafts movement came about as a reaction to what event?

the industrial revolution

What did ancient Egyptian artists use as their fundamental unit of measurement?

the palm of the hand

What term is used to describe a color lighter than a hue's normal value?

tint

What role best describes the artist's intention when creating the Shiva Nataraja sculpture?

to give visual form to the unknown

What is the primary characteristic of watercolors?

transparency

A black-and-white photograph of a scene eliminates the hues and intensities of the scene's colors but captures the________ of the colors.

values

What type of literacy better enables us to engage with the images we view from a critical and analytical perspective?

visual

What is foreshortening?

when an elongated object appears shorter than its actual length as if compressed

Design made a break with the past as the 19th century drew to a close in Europe and the Americas. What new style rejected academic tastes and the Classical past and embraced nature?

Art Nouveau

Some artists started to question the artist's role in the latter part of the 20th century. Which British street artist, known for his stencil method, wrestles with issues surrounding art and ownership?

Banksy

Who designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC?

Maya Lin

What artist made art from "found" materials and images and named his new art form a "combine?"

Rauschenburg