Exam II Tourism Concepts 201 Kwok

Disney World lures over _________ million visitors each year. 25 30 20 17 50

17

While travelers tend to engage in multiple activities, what percentage of historic/cultural travelers say that these activities are the primary motive for the trip? 30% 40% 10% 50% 20%

30%

Historic sites have always been popular attractions for travelers. What percentage of adults traveling is considered to be historic/cultural travelers? 80% 100% 40% 20% 60%

80

Repeat business is best assured when: A. consumer expectations are met or exceeded. B. tourism product prices are substantially lowered. C. word-of-mouth advertising is positive. D. a and b E. a and c

A and C

What is meant by elasticity of demand for travel? A cut in price results in more persons buying the trip. A cut in price has little effect on revenue. A cut in price results in fewer people buying the trip. A cut in price means more revenue generated than at the higher price. A cut in price means less total revenue generated

A cut in price means more revenue generated than at the higher price.

Which of the following aspects of a destination's culture is likely to attract visitors to a destination? history of the destination the paintings, sculptures and attractions of the destination the way food is grown, processed and eaten music and dance of the destination All of the above.

All of the Above

A resource use problem that nearly always occurs when planning to increase tourism supply is whether to: limit the resource to a single use or develop it for multiple use. develop the resource as a single season destination or for multiple season use. develop natural resources that are near large concentrations of population or those that are far from population centers. develop natural resources through private enterprise or through the government sector. All of the Above

All of the above

Amusement parks and theme parks: were created in Europe. oldest operating park is Bakken in Klampenborg, Denmark. oldest operating park in U.S. is Lake Compounce in Bristol, Connecticut. All of the above. None of the above.

All of the above

The U.S. Forest Service: s part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. maintains 193 million acres in their system. administers grasslands. All of the above. None of the above.

All of the above

The travel needs ladder of Pearce proposes that: there is a hierarchy of travel motives. people start at different levels. levels are changed during their life cycle. levels are or can be inhibited by various factors. All of the above

All of the above

Parks are important resources that attract visitors, thus: there are both private and publicly owned parks. all levels of government can and do provide parks. American countries have parks as primary attractions. the U.S. National Park system comprises 393 locations. All of the above.

All of the above.

Shopping as related to tourism is:an attraction in itself. mainly done in gift and souvenir places. exemplified in Mall of America. part of hotel operations. All of the above.

All of the above.

Many of today's tourists are able to enjoy the experience: A. by immersing themselves in novelty. B. because the patterns of behavior of his/her culture are broken. C. only through a strong foundation of familiarity. D. because they thrive on strangeness. E. a and b

C. only through a strong foundation of familiarity.

"Rainforests" created in zoological parks are big attractions. Cities where these have been built are: Cleveland and Omaha. Miami and Orlando. Houston and St. Louis. San Diego and New Orleans. Tampa and Williamsburg, VA.

Cleveland and Omaha.

The successful experience of tourism combines: A. a degree of novelty with a degree of familiarity. B. security of old habits with excitement of change. C. a degree of risk with a degree of safety. D. All of the above. E. a and c

D. All of the above.

Which of the following is true? A. Multiplier = 1/MPS B. Multiplier occurs because the amounts initially spent are re-spent a number of times during the year. C. Multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC) D. All of the above. E. None of the above.

D. All of the above.

The best method of forecasting tourism demand is: multiple correlation regression models. computer systems models. time series and secular trends. Delphi and mathematical models used together. gravitation models.

Delphi and mathematical models used together.

The theme park business enjoyed spectacular growth after the building of: Busch Gardens, Tampa. Universal Studios, Anaheim. Disney World. Disneyland, Anaheim.

Disneyland, Anaheim

When we consider demand in tourism, what do we mean? It is the number of people who potentially would travel to a particular destination. It is the amount an area spends on tourist promotion. It is people willing and able to buy at a schedule of prices. It is demand at that particular price and year. It is the demand in relation to the supply that we offer.

It is people willing and able to buy at a schedule of prices.

In what way is the tourist business similar to any other type of business or industry? It is welcomed wherever it may be located. It needs reliable methods of measuring results, observing trends, and forecasting needs. It needs at least 40 percent equity capital in order to get financed. It consistently makes high profits.

It needs reliable methods of measuring results, observing trends, and forecasting needs.

While a significant percentage of the world's tropical rain forests are disappearing due to poor environmental practices, tourism is doing its share to reverse this trend—even if artificially. In this regard, which of the following is a highly successful re-creation of a tropical rain forest—within a zoological park? Lied Jungle, Omaha, Nebraska Palm Island, Jumeirah, Dubai Macanga Forests of Sabah, Borneo Tree City, Santa Barbara, California

Lied Jungle, Omaha, Nebraska

Theme parks are concentrated in several city areas, with the most in: Nashville, TN. San Diego, CA. Buena Vista, CA. Anaheim, CA. Orlando, FL.

Orlando, FL.

What reason can be given for the importance of price stabilization for tourist purchases? Demand will probably rise. Rising prices automatically tend to reduce the volume of demand. Tourists are always hunting for bargains. Tourists probably will not return so we can charge them more just so long as we keep the prices stable. Tax collections to the government will be more favorable.

Rising prices automatically tend to reduce the volume of demand.

Which of the following statements about Task Analysis is true? When making a quantitative and qualitative inventory of the existing supply, the aid of specialists is seldom needed. Forecasting tourism demand is a relatively simple procedure. Demand factors are essentially rigid. Supply factors for development are essentially rigid. All of the above are true.

Supply factors for development are essentially rigid.

Which of the following would not normally be considered a "tourism icon"? the Sydney Opera House the Acropolis The Taj Mahal the Asian Tsunami the Eiffel Tower

The Asian Tsunami

Why do certain groups of travelers seek particular holiday experiences? There is no one answer. Some people are more socially oriented than others. Some people have more ambitions than others. Some people are healthier than others. Some people are richer than others.

There is no one answer

Which of the following is true of touristic expenditures? They benefit all citizens in the community. They are received mainly by hotels and restaurants. They are narrowly distributed within the economy. They benefit mainly hospitality business suppliers.

They benefit all citizens in the community.

Which of the following is true when measuring demand through tax collections? If we know how much tax was collected, we can compute the tourist expenditures Tourists pay many different types of taxes and these can be measured We must separate taxable purchases by tourists from similar purchases by local residents Local people pay the same taxes as tourists, thus the collections are actually the same None of these is a good method

We must separate taxable purchases by tourists from similar purchases by local residents

Which of the following was the latest "Presidential Library and Museum" to be established to honor past presidents of the United States mentioned in the text? Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL William J. Clinton Presidential Library and Museum, Little Rock, AR Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, Simi Valley, CA Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, Yorba Linda, CA

William J. Clinton Presidential Library and Museum, Little Rock, AR

If the demand for aircraft seats is elastic over a narrow range of prices, an increase in fares (within that range) would result in: no change in total revenue. an increase in total revenue. a decrease in total revenue. None of the above. All of the above.

a decrease in total revenue.

Bungalow-type accommodations, built mainly of natural materials and to modern standards of comfort and safety, will be acceptable to: explorers. budget travelers. individual mass tourists. drifters. a large segment of the market.

a large segment of the market.

Visitor expenditures ultimately benefit: hotels and restaurants—primary beneficiaries. supply businesses which serve all tourist businesses. secondary businesses which supply primary beneficiaries. all businesses which receive tourist expenditures. all businesses, professional services, and government.

all businesses, professional services, and government.

From the standpoint of general recognition of tourism's importance in an area, which measure of demand is the most meaningful? amount of money spent in the area meals sold in the restaurants occupancy of the area's hotels and motels number of persons employed in tourism load factor of aircraft serving area

amount of money spent in the area

The superstructure of a tourism destination includes those facilities that: are constructed primarily to support tourism visitation and visitor activities. meet the standards of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). are constructed more than 10 meters above ground in urban areas. are constructed primarily to attract and serve international visitors. are constructed primarily to support and reinforce the value of the destination's infrastructure.

are constructed primarily to support tourism visitation and visitor activities.

The Plog model of tourism motivations asserts that "allocentrics": are highly adventurous. use aloe vera to calm their nerves when flying. prefer the familiar. are very religious. are bi-polar.

are highly adventurous.

Cultural activities: should not be shared with tourists. are not well suited to "out of season" development of tourism. are well suited to attracting tourists. have little impact on tourism development because only the best educated tourists appreciate them. are of minor interest to most tourists.

are well suited to attracting tourists.

The main sources of ideas for formulating questions on pleasure travel motivation come from: A. reports found in the Journal of Travel Research. B. historical and literary accounts of travel. C. the discipline of psychology. D. current practices of tourist industry researchers. E. b, c, and d

b,c, and d

A group of visitors with a narrow range of motivation would: be interested in a destination offering many experiences. be attracted to only one kind of destination such as Disneyland. select a tour based on a highly specialized theme. wish to visit mainly national parks. only choose a travel experience having an expert guide.

be interested in a destination offering many experiences.

What is meant by "life-seeing tourism?" being hosted by a local person who is familiar with his or her field of interest and engaging in a planned program of activities visiting an area's cultural attractions visiting local ethnic restaurants to sample food and drink visiting factories in the area the visitor sees life at the destination, such as attractions

being hosted by a local person who is familiar with his or her field of interest and engaging in a planned program of activities

How do we match the supply of hotel rooms with demand? obtaining the demand data and then meeting that demand by projecting the room supply by computer simulations by application of a mathematical formula based on factual data and estimates concerning visitors by noting new hotel construction in the area and then estimating our own new hotel rooms

by application of a mathematical formula based on factual data and estimates concerning visitors

Destinations seek to establish witch museums in order to: recognize the contributions of outstanding witches in the destination. provide a retirement home for abused mothers-in-law. provide adequate storage and display for the many different kinds of witch costumes. ensure that witches have a secure home in which to retire. create a difficult to replicate, unique image for the destination

create a difficult to replicate, unique image for the destination

Which of the following is not a viable method for forecasting tourism demand? multiple regression critical path analysis time series analysis, secular trend gravitation model computer simulation

critical path analysis

All decisions pertaining to the management of the hotel should begin with the: manager in consultation with the department heads. owner(s). manager. customers and guests. board of directors.

customers and guests.

According to Travel Weekly, which of the following "Favorite Things To Do" is most favored by European-bound travelers? visiting a historical site shopping sightseeing in a city visiting a small town dining at restaurants

dining at restaurants

Of the following, which is the least effective way for a hotel to participate in the development of local culture? post museum hours on a bulletin board display paintings (and other art forms) of local artists dress employees in local costumes provide programs of local music and dance provide schedules of cultural events for guests and arrange for tickets

display paintings (and other art forms) of local artists

Demand for tourism in general is thought to be income: elastic. None of the above. unitary. inelastic.

elastic.

Travel for religious reasons such as pilgrimages: was limited to visiting early cathedrals and basilicas. is seldom engaged in today. was really quite inconsequential. established travel as an important activity in one's life. was confined to the Middle Ages.

established travel as an important activity in one's life.

Theaters, museums, libraries and similar national institutions usually are: not very important in attracting tourists. too high priced to appeal to the average tourist. not created for tourists. of little interest to most tourists. excellent tourist attractions.

excellent tourist attractions.

Travelers are seeking destinations that provide a wide range of activities in which to participate while traveling on vacation. Which of the following activities do travelers regularly put at the top of their list of things to do? go shopping visit national parks visit historic sites go camping participate in local festivals

go shopping

The most recent trend in the gambling industry is: growth of gambling resorts in New Jersey. new casinos in the southern states. expansion of resort hotels in Nevada. growth of gambling casinos owned by Native Americans. introduction of gambling on cruise ships.

growth of gambling casinos owned by Native Americans.

Which of the following would not normally be viewed as an element of a destination spirit of hospitality and culture? in-house programs to share resident spouses with visitors program to educate visitors about the religions of the residents of the destination program for the protection and ethical treatment of travelers (PETT) programs to ensure that all visitors have access to recreation facilities in the destination programs to welcome airport arrivals in a destination

in-house programs to share resident spouses with visitors

One of the major induced (or indirect) effects of tourism economically is on: balance of payments. income (the multiplier). import levels. propensity to save. export levels.

income (the multiplier).

One of the major induced (or indirect) effects of tourism economically is on: propensity to save. export levels. income (through the multiplier). import levels. propensity to consume.

income (through the multiplier).

Seasonal fluctuations in demand are a problem in most areas. A recommended method of leveling out demand is to: increase multiple-use possibilities. charge what the market will bear. intensify and develop the area's best use. slightly diminish quality of the area to reduce demand at peaks. close down some hotels during the off-season.

increase multiple-use possibilities.

The "rippling" or "multiplier" effect of tourist spending ultimately: widely distributes the total economic impact of tourist spending. has no effect on the local economy due to leakage. affects the economy very little, actually. increases the economic impact of tourist spending.

increases the economic impact of tourist spending.

Tourism development is usually viewed as bringing with it positive economic results. However, there are potential negative economic results to be considered. Among these negative economic results are: inflationary pressure, overdependence on tourism and environmental costs. overdependence on tourism, increased tax revenues, and inflationary pressure. environmental costs, stimulation of local investment, and inflationary pressure. inflationary pressure, high rate of savings, and environmental costs. All of the above.

inflationary pressure, overdependence on tourism and environmental costs.

One of the most important motivations for travel is: interest in the culture of other people. low cost. lots of discretionary income. the desire to improve one's mind.

interest in the culture of other people.

Tourism from Brazil to the U.S.: is an import for the U.S. should not be considered either an export or an import. is an export for the U.S. is an export for Brazil.

is an export for the U.S.

Cultural Toursim: always leads to better understanding between people. requires cooperation between nations. is primarily concerned with projecting cultures. is concerned with people learning about each other's way of life. is not important in international travel.

is concerned with people learning about each other's way of life.

Las Vegas has achieved its current level of success, primarily due to: because of the fact that "what happens there, stays there." the outstanding architecture of its hotels. its highly successful marketing program. its emphasis on entertainment as its primary attraction. its heavy emphasis on gambling.

its emphasis on entertainment as its primary attraction.

The optimum price for a hotel room would be one that: maximizes per unit profit. maximizes profits. maximizes total revenue. maximizes guest satisfaction. maximizes occupancy for the entire hotel.

maximizes profits.

Which of the following is not an economic benefit of tourism? increases employment increases tax revenues may cause changes in patterns of family life stimulates investments

may cause changes in patterns of family life

As travel motivators, how would attractions rank with transportation? about the same less important. much more important slightly less important slightly more important

much more important

All but one of the following are trends in outdoor recreation: nearly 50 percent of all Americans are "outdoor" people. making new RV's is a multi billion industry. manufacturers of recreational equipment tend to be large. recreational opportunities in the U.S. draw international visitors. there are a wide range of businesses in recreation.

nearly 50 percent of all Americans are "outdoor" people.

Tourism: tends to dull people's appreciation of their cultural heritage. has only a slight connection with culture. makes it virtually impossible to distinguish between countries. offers a strong incentive for cultural development. has little effect on culture in most cases.

offers a strong incentive for cultural development.

According to the National Sporting Goods Association, the top outdoor recreation adventure activity was: skiing. snowboarding. fishing. overnight vacation camping. None of the above.

overnight vacation camping

Which of the following is not one of the "extremities" of international traveler preferences? familiarity-novelty dependence-autonomy relaxation-activity pleasurable-distasteful order-disorder

pleasurable-distasteful

The Plog model of tourism motivation asserts that "psychocentrics": are highly adventurous. prefer the familiar. are very religious. require psychotic drugs when flying. are bi-polar.

prefer the familiar.

Which of the following is NOT one of the commonly recognized operating sectors of the tourism industry? events sector attractions sector entertainment sector travel trade sector promotions sector

promotions sector

If a developing country wishes to attract mass tourism it must: provide facilities based on Western standards. offer a series of festivals at various times of the year. price tourism below competitors. remove all barriers to entering the country. offer social contacts with tourists.

provide facilities based on Western standards.

Which of the following areas of study is usually considered to be of greatest value in our efforts to understand travel behavior? psychology anthropology factor analysis chaos theory neurosciences

psychology

In Pearce's travel needs ladder shows that: the levels rarely work together. travelers visit a place with standard objectives. several levels can work together. each level is similar for each traveler. a traveler usually emphasizes one main motive at a destination.

several levels can work together.

Lists of items relevant to why people travel are often used, but these: A have only a few limitations. B. are seldom selective. C sometimes are mixed with destination attributes. D. are usually comprehensive. E. a and d

sometimes are mixed with destination attributes.

All of the following were motivations for Middle Ages travelers except: social interaction and social comparison. escape. study and personal self-actualization. religious motives. revelry and feasting.

study and personal self-actualization.

Anthropography is a science by which we can: identify cultural achievements which are of interest to international tourists. learn of humankind's geographic settlements on the globe. learn the origin of the human race. study the varieties of man and their geographic distribution. classify the varieties of races of humankind.

study the varieties of man and their geographic distribution.

A number of systems for grading and classifying hotels are in use throughout the world. According to your text, which system is the most satisfactory? A, B, C, D, E the 5 star system first class, second class, etc. deluxe to good

the 5 star system

The preservation of history and the quality and management of museums is of utmost importance for successful tourism. Which of the following is one of the greatest criticisms of today's historical museums? the use of technology in museums has overwhelmed the true significance of their contents the contents of most museums are very old the cost of entrance is much too high relative to other types of attractions the explanations of the exhibits are provided in only one language the cleanliness of most museums "leaves much to be desired" in the view of most visitors

the explanations of the exhibits are provided in only one language

Which of the following does not directly affect the demand for travel to a particular destination? host government policies income of tourists the economic distance between origin and destination areas the income level of the host region quality of service at the destination

the income level of the host region

To turn potential tourism supply into actual supply, the first obstacle to overcome is: the lack or inadequacy of access routes. the lack or shortage of accommodations. the lack of restaurants the development of personal and professional services.

the lack or inadequacy of access routes

The study of tourist motivation requires a: theoretical approach. pragmatic approach. psychological approach. destination approach. future approach.

theoretical approach.

From an international touristic point of view, one of the principal weaknesses of museums is that: they are often inaccessible to tourists without automobiles. they are often too expensive for the average tourist. they are often not open at convenient times. they display items of little interest to visitors. they often have exhibits labeled in only one language.

they often have exhibits labeled in only one language.

Tourism is an "invisible" export because: most business people never see the money. monies spent by tourists are hard to trace. tourist dollars are usually exported after being received, and disappear. money flow is in the opposite direction as tourist flow. tourism constitutes non-merchandise transactions.

tourism constitutes non-merchandise transactions.

Demand for tourism is income elastic because: tourism depends on discretionary income. most tourists have a variable income. it is a necessity for the affluent. tourism is not equally desirable to all people. tourism is a highly desirable good.

tourism depends on discretionary income.

Social tourism may be partially defined as: travel where a local expert in your field of interest acts as your guide. travel for social visits to friends or relatives. travel for those with low purchasing power. travel with a congenial social group of people. travel for the purpose of studying the social structure of a country.

travel for those with low purchasing power.

Tourism is the backbone of the economy of Nirvana. The industry is given top priority by the government that recognizes the high stakes involved. Given only data on annual arrivals of tourists to Nirvana, which method of projecting future demand should be recommended? multiple regression trend analysis computer simulation simple regression any of the above depending on size of research budget

trend analysis

According to Professor Pearce, successful business practice in tourism depends mainly on: understanding the consumer. marketing effectiveness. staff performance and training. financial and managerial inputs. the hospitality spirit.

understanding the consumer

How important to tourism are attractions? minimal important only if combined with transportation somewhat not at all very

very

Visitor days as a measure of demand is: expenditures by tourists in an area. visitor arrivals x average length of stay. the total number of days spent by tourists at commercial lodging establishments in an area. number of days spent by visitors of one community/area in another destination. the number of visitors arriving at a destination each day for a year.

visitor arrivals x average length of stay.

How is social tourism usually financed? from the traveler's community social welfare fund from the company's employee benefit fund from the traveler's own pocket from the government with the traveler's own money augmented by subsidy from employer, labor union, or the government

with the traveler's own money augmented by subsidy from employer, labor union, or the government