Exam IV Chapter 41 Children with CV Disorders

After assessing a child, the nurse suspects coarctation of the aorta based on a finding of:

femoral pulse weaker than brachial pulse

Parents are told their infant has a hypoplastic left heart. How would the nurse explain this condition to the family?

This is a problem where the left side of the heart did not develop properly.

A mother asks why her infant with a cyanotic heart defect turns blue. What is the best response by the nurse?

This is due to a decreased amount of oxygen to the peripheral tissue.

A child with a congenital heart defect is getting an echocardiogram. How would the nurse describe this test to the parent?

This test that check how blood is flowing through the heart.

A group of nurses is reviewing the cardiovascular system and its function. Which statement by one of the nurses demonstrates an understanding of a child's cardiovascular system?

"At birth, the infant's right and left ventricle are about the same size."

The nurse is taking a health history of a 6-week-old boy with a suspected cardiovascular disorder. Which response by the mother would lead the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing heart failure?

"He gets sweaty when he eats."

The nurse is taking a health history of a toddler with a suspected congenital heart defect. Which response by the mother could indicate that the child is experiencing hypercyanotic spells?

"He likes to stop and squat wherever he walks."

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with rheumatic fever about prescribed drug therapy. Which statement would indicate to the nurse that additional teaching is needed?

"We can stop the penicillin when her symptoms disappear."

Medication education on which drug should the nurse provide to the caregivers of a child diagnosed with rheumatic fever?

Aspirin

The nurse will administer what medication to children with Kawasaki disease both in the acute and later stages of the illness?

Aspirin

Coarctation of the aorta demonstrates few symptoms in newborns. What is an important assessment to make on all newborns to help reveal this condition?

Assessing for the presence of femoral pulses

After teaching a class about the hemodynamic characteristics of congenital heart disease, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the class identifies which defect as an example of a disorder involving increased pulmonary blood flow?

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with rheumatic fever. When addressing the child's pain, the nurse should perform which intervention(s)? Select all that apply.

Carefully handle the child's knees, ankles, elbows and wrists when moving the child. Administer salicylates after meals or with milk.

The nurse is collecting data on a child being evaluated for rheumatic fever. The caregiver reports that over the past several weeks the child seems to have lack of coordination, facial grimaces and repetitive involuntary movements. Based on these symptoms the nurse would suspect what condition?

Chorea

When assessing a infant born at 32 weeks' gestation, which finding would lead the nurse to suspect to suspect that the newborn has a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?

Continuous murmur on auscultation

A newborn is diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. The nurse anticipates that the physician will most likely order which medication?

Indomethacin

An 8-month-old infant has a ventricular septal defect. Which nursing diagnosis would best apply?

Ineffective tissue perfusion related to inefficiency of the heart as a pump

The nurse is planning care for an 8-month-old infant with a ventricular septal defect. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse use to help guide the care for this patient?

Ineffective tissue perfusion related to inefficiency of the heart as a pump

The nurse is caring for child who present to the emergency department with reports of a fever for 5 days. The nurse notes a diffuse maculopapular rash, reddened cracked lips, erythema of hands, and bilateral conjunctivitis and suspects Kawasaki disease. Which nursing action is priority?

Initiate intravenous access.

The nurse is assessing a child with suspected rheumatic fever. What assessment findings are consistent with the disease process? Select all that apply.

Involuntary limb movement Macular rash on trunk Tender swollen joints

An infant with poor feeding is suspected of having a congenital heart defect. The parents are asking why a chest x-ray is necessary in their infant. What is the best response from the nurse?

It will determine if the heart is enlarged.

After teaching a group of students about acute rheumatic fever, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which assessment finding?

Jerky movements of the face and upper extremities

A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to see?

Peeling hands and feet and fever

A 1-year-old with tetralogy of Fallot turns blue during a temper tantrum. What will the nurse do first?

Place child in the knee-to-chest position

A nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parents of a newborn with a congenital heart disorder. What should the nurse instruct the parents to do in the event that the child becomes cyanotic?

Place him in a knee-chest position

When reviewing the record of a child with tetralogy of Fallot, what would the nurse expect to discover?

Polycythemia

A parent brings an infant in for poor feeding and listlessness. Which assessment data would most likely indicate a coarctation of the aorta?

Pulses weaker in lower extremities compared to upper extremities

When conducting a physical examination of a child with suspected Kawasaki disease, which finding would the nurse expect to assess?

Strawberry tongue

A newborn has been diagnosed with a congenital heart disease. Which of the following congenital heart diseases is associated with cyanosis?

Tetralogy of Fallot

A healthcare provider and other health team members are discussing congenital heart disorders which increase pulmonary blood flow. Which disorders are topics for this discussion? Select all that apply.

Ventricular septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Atrioventricular canal defect

The nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. Which finding will the nurse assess that is consistent with this diagnosis?

Wide pulse pressure

When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse would know that:

management includes administration of aspirin and IVIG.

The nurse would teach the mother of a boy with tetralogy of Fallot that if the child suddenly becomes cyanotic and dyspneic, the mother should:

place him in a knee-chest position