Exam Multiple Choice - June 2019
Which leader's political legacy most directly infl uenced the situation shown in this 2004 cartoon? (1) Ayatollah Khomeini (2) Slobodan Milošević (3) Augusto Pinochet (4) Kemal Atatürk
(1) Ayatollah Khomeini
Which claim best supports the pattern of interaction between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1948 and 1979? (1) Confl ict occurred when one side tried to expand its sphere of infl uence into another country or region. (2) Disagreements between the United States and the Soviet Union were quickly resolved without the deployment of the military. (3) Leaders of other countries encouraged confl ict between the superpowers. (4) Peace and stability were created around the world as a result of the alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union.
(1) Confl ict occurred when one side tried to expand its sphere of infl uence into another country or region.
What was an important contribution of the sankin kōtai (alternate attendance) system to the modernization of Japan? (1) Japan's people developed a stronger sense of national cultural unity. (2) Japan's government established control over Western intellectuals forced to live in Osaka. (3) Japan improved its railroad system by connecting the countryside to the cities. (4) Japan increased the power of the daimyo during the Tokugawa shogunate.
(1) Japan's people developed a stronger sense of national cultural unity.
According to Thomas Friedman, why is it surprising that Mexico is being replaced by China as the number two exporter to the United States? (1) Mexico is geographically close to the United States. (2) China's relationship with the United States has been damaged. (3) Mexico has the world's strongest economy. (4) China's industry lacks low-cost manufacturing ability.
(1) Mexico is geographically close to the United States.
In which way are the situations shown in these photographs similar? (1) Military regimes overthrew democratically elected leaders in both countries. (2) The United Nations sent peacekeeping forces that provided aid in both countries. (3) Marxist parties removed the military leaders holding power in both countries. (4) Foreign armies led invasions in both countries.
(1) Military regimes overthrew democratically elected leaders in both countries.
Which statement best explains the changes in borders shown between maps A and B? (1) Nationalism has been a unifying and dividing force in this region. (2) Invading neighbors have been a driving force in this region. (3) Marxism has been a dominant movement in this region. (4) National elections have been a determining factor in this region.
(1) Nationalism has been a unifying and dividing force in this region.
Which historical development is most similar to the situation described in this passage? (1) Nazi actions in Germany in the 1930s and 1940s (2) Nelson Mandela's campaigns against apartheid in the early 1960s (3) Ayatollah Khomeini's rise to power in Iran in the late 1970s (4) Argentinian mothers protesting in the Plaza de Mayo in the 1980s and 1990s
(1) Nazi actions in Germany in the 1930s and 1940s
What changed in Turkey as a direct result of Atatürk's efforts? (1) Turkey adopted a more modern Western orientation. (2) Turkey's government was dominated by Islamic clerics. (3) Secularism in Turkey was universally accepted. (4) Communist forces seized power in Turkey.
(1) Turkey adopted a more modern Western orientation.
This poem describes events related to which international confl ict? (1) World War I (3) Korean War (2) World War II (4) Vietnam War
(1) World War I
In the quotation "First we were afraid of the wolf, then we wanted to dance with the wolf, and now we want to be the wolf," what does the "wolf" symbolize? (1) an economic powerhouse (2) an exporting country (3) a valuable trade item (4) a low-cost manufacturer
(1) an economic powerhouse
During which historical period did Atatürk make these remarks? (1) between the World Wars (2) during the Persian Gulf War (3) at the time of Israel's creation (4) at the beginning of the Iranian Revolution
(1) between the World Wars
The tensions between North Korea and South Korea described in this passage began over (1) boundaries drawn during the Cold War (2) ethnic confl ict on the Korean peninsula (3) trade disputes centered on fi shing rights in the Yellow Sea (4) China's purchase of submarine technology from North Korea
(1) boundaries drawn during the Cold War
What is a long-term consequence of the historical development discussed in this 1839 letter? (1) establishment of British spheres of infl uence in China (2) accumulation of great wealth by the Chinese at British expense (3) successful enforcement of a Chinese embargo on all British imports (4) creation of a mutually benefi cial trade alliance between Britain and China
(1) establishment of British spheres of infl uence in China
Which historical development led Nehru to promote the policy of unaligned areas? (1) expansion of Cold War blocs (2) political pressure from his Parliament to pursue isolationism (3) partitioning of India and Pakistan at independence (4) internal friction between various Indian ethnic groups
(1) expansion of Cold War blocs
Which situation directly infl uenced the author's point of view? (1) having learned of medical problems suffered by factory workers (2) being present at the negotiations to gain foreign investments (3) having extensively profited from her investment in border factories (4) being blacklisted from union membership
(1) having learned of medical problems suffered by factory workers
Which situation was a contributing factor in the decision to partition British Palestine as shown on the 1947 map? (1) mass migrations following the Holocaust (2) decolonization from French rule (3) capture of the Suez Canal (4) formation of the Warsaw Pact
(1) mass migrations following the Holocaust
In which way have many countries joined together to address the problems described in this passage? (1) signing international environmental agreements (2) supporting the exportation of surplus corn and soy (3) genetically modifying crops to increase production (4) increasing the amount of land under cultivation
(1) signing international environmental agreements
Which characteristic of the Industrial Revolution most directly contributed to the health concern highlighted in this illustration and excerpt? (1) urban population growth (2) improved communication (3) new power sources (4) trade union movement
(1) urban population growth
Which event is described in this excerpt from the New York Times? (1) use of a deadly new weapon against Japan (2) invasion of Guam by the United States (3) fi rebombing of Tokyo by the United States (4) attack by the Soviet Union on Germany
(1) use of a deadly new weapon against Japan
Simón Bolívar's actions were most likely infl uenced by the ideas of (1) church offi cials (2) Enlightenment thinkers (3) laissez-faire economists (4) Marxist followers
(2) Enlightenment thinkers
What is the main idea of this 2004 cartoon? (1) Iran continues to build its modern infrastructure. (2) Iran is experiencing tensions between tradition and modernity. (3) Extensive ballot choices have weakened democracy in Iran. (4) Theocracy is the best form of government for Iran to adopt.
(2) Iran is experiencing tensions between tradition and modernity.
This cartoonist is comparing Vladimir Putin to (1) Czar Nicholas II (2) Joseph Stalin (3) Mikhail Gorbachev (4) Boris Yeltsin
(2) Joseph Stalin
The purpose of the Tokugawa's sankin kōtai (alternate attendance) system is similar to the purpose of (1) British suffragettes who demanded Parliament grant women the right to vote (2) King Louis XIV of France who required nobles to stay at Versailles (3) Simón Bolívar who expected the indigenous people to rise up against the Spanish (4) European countries that divided up the African continent
(2) King Louis XIV of France who required nobles to stay at Versailles
What is a valid conclusion based on the information shown on this map? (1) Russia had the largest number of trading stations in Asia. (2) Most European trading stations and empires were located along the coast. (3) France controlled more ports in India than Britain did. (4) Each European power represented had possessions in the East Indies.
(2) Most European trading stations and empires were located along the coast.
Which claim about modern warfare is best supported by this poem? (1) Soldiers were not as brave as in the past. (2) Technology made combat more deadly. (3) Religion became more central to long- standing confl icts. (4) Scientifi c research did not supply battle-ready innovations.
(2) Technology made combat more deadly.
This illustration and excerpt depict events from which time and place in history? (1) Revolutionary France (2) Victorian England (3) Meiji Japan (4) Soviet Russia
(2) Victorian England
Based on this passage, what does Mao believe about war from the communist perspective? (1) Wars are inevitable regardless of the society. (2) Wars can be just or unjust depending on their purpose. (3) Wars have a purpose in all societies because of a constant need for change. (4) Wars should be permitted when a government needs to obstruct progress.
(2) Wars can be just or unjust depending on their purpose.
The design and use of this poster suggests its purpose was to (1) advertise advancements in Chinese healthcare (2) build support for China's leader among the people (3) warn the Chinese people about the dangers of capitalism (4) improve the literacy rates of children and adults throughout China
(2) build support for China's leader among the people
Which issue is most closely associated with the concerns raised in this passage? (1) drought (3) migration (2) climate change (4) widespread famine
(2) climate change
The actions of Gandhi and his supporters, as described in this passage, helped lead to the (1) banning of Western books and music (2) removal of British control from the subcontinent (3) development of an economic alliance for South Asian nations (4) peaceful partitioning of British India into India and Pakistan
(2) removal of British control from the subcontinent
The phrases "deeply conservative population," "lengthy sentences of imprisonment," and "a few hangings" suggest that (1) Atatürk's reforms were eagerly embraced throughout Turkey (2) tensions existed between reformers and traditionalists in Turkey (3) the policy of westernization was abandoned by the Turkish government (4) most Turks preferred punishment to rapid change
(2) tensions existed between reformers and traditionalists in Turkey
According to this author, how did the minority white population maintain control over the majority black population in South Africa? (1) through military conscription of black South Africans (2) through divide and conquer techniques that kept tribes at odds (3) by enforcing the use of tribal languages so that tribes could not communicate (4) by allowing democracy within localized areas in the black South African community
(2) through divide and conquer techniques that kept tribes at odds
What was Lin Zexu's purpose for writing this letter to Queen Victoria? (1) to negotiate opening trade between China and Britain (2) to attempt to stop the fl ow of opium into China (3) to address the injuries the Chinese infl icted on the British (4) to gain independence from unjust British rule
(2) to attempt to stop the fl ow of opium into China
Based on this cartoon, what is one function of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)? (1) to implement tariffs to protect borrowing nations' markets (2) to establish guidelines for nations that are asking for loans (3) to encourage nations to apply for loans in order to increase their spending (4) to assist borrowing nations in taking control of businesses
(2) to establish guidelines for nations that are asking for loans
Based on this document, what is the author's primary goal? (1) to increase profi ts for factory owners and investors (2) to gain protection of workers' rights and improve the workplace (3) to reduce taxes levied on foreign investments in Mexico (4) to restrict union organization and eliminate collective bargaining
(2) to gain protection of workers' rights and improve the workplace
Which Europeans controlled the waterways connecting the Indian Ocean to the Pacifi c Ocean? (1) Spanish (3) Dutch (2) Portuguese (4) French
(3) Dutch
Which African state organized the most successful resistance movement to the European actions shown on this map? (1) Nigeria (3) Ethiopia (2) Algeria (4) Libya
(3) Ethiopia
Which event ended the cooperation shown in these documents? (1) Russian Revolution (2) fall of France to Germany (3) German invasion of the Soviet Union (4) Nuremberg trials
(3) German invasion of the Soviet Union
The overall change desired by Atatürk is similar to the change enacted in (1) South Africa during the period of apartheid (2) the Soviet Union during the period of détente (3) Japan under the Meiji (4) India under nonalignment
(3) Japan under the Meiji
Which political leader other than Mao Zedong utilized this type of poster? (1) Otto Von Bismarck (3) Joseph Stalin (2) Emperor Meiji (4) Nelson Mandela
(3) Joseph Stalin
Based on this passage, in which way is the situation in the Korean peninsula comparable to the history of South Asia since World War II? (1) Peaceful protests led colonial powers to surrender their control of the region. (2) Increased prosperity has accompanied a shift from totalitarian to democratic rule. (3) Regional confl icts have contributed to the proliferation of nuclear weapons. (4) Technological progress reduced tension and led to improved trade relationships.
(3) Regional confl icts have contributed to the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
Based on this passage, what does Mao believe about World War I? (1) The philosophical beliefs of the competing countries challenged traditional ideals. (2) The potential political gains of European nations benefi ted China. (3) The countries in the war were involved for their individual economic benefi ts. (4) The possible military losses made it too risky for the Communist Party to intervene.
(3) The countries in the war were involved for their individual economic benefi ts.
The events shown on this map and in this cartoon were related to the outbreak of which confl ict? (1) Napoleonic Wars (3) World War II (2) Russo-Japanese War (4) Cold War
(3) World War II
Based on this cartoon, the views of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are most closely associated with which economic system? (1) mixed (3) capitalism (2) traditional (4) command
(3) capitalism
The actions taken by Gandhi refl ect his commitment to which policy? (1) collectivization (2) religious intolerance (3) civil disobedience (4) censorship
(3) civil disobedience
A historian could best use this passage to study which topic of World War I? (1) events that started the war (2) impact of combat on civilians (3) equipment utilized by soldiers (4) propaganda that supported the war effort
(3) equipment utilized by soldiers
In this letter, Simón Bolívar's goal is to (1) become monarch of the strongest country in South America (2) break off diplomatic relations with Europe (3) form one nation that unifi es all of South America (4) convince Mexico to join in his fi ght against Spain
(3) form one nation that unifi es all of South America
Which concept is best illustrated by the horse in this 2000 cartoon? (1) containment (3) globalization (2) militarism (4) tolerance
(3) globalization
Which action effectively addressed the specifi c public health concern raised in this illustration and excerpt? (1) installation of electric lighting in poor neighborhoods (2) burning herbs to purify the air (3) improvements in water treatment (4) relocation of government offi ces
(3) improvements in water treatment
Marx and Engels are reacting to changes resulting from (1) imperialism (3) industrialization (2) nationalism (4) democratization
(3) industrialization
Which document would best provide information about the impact these events had on regions other than the United States and the Soviet Union? (1) Russian textbook published in 2015 (2) television interview with President John F. Kennedy (3) memoirs of people living in East Germany, Cuba, and Afghanistan (4) line graph of the Soviet Union's gross domestic product between 1948 and 1968
(3) memoirs of people living in East Germany, Cuba, and Afghanistan
Which countries would be most likely to agree to adopt the policy Nehru is discussing? (1) democracies in Western Europe (2) communist nations in Asia (3) newly independent Asian and African nations (4) satellite countries in Central and Eastern Europe
(3) newly independent Asian and African nations
The situation described in this passage was part of which historical development? (1) decolonization in Africa (2) growth of nationalism in Southeast Asia (3) regional confl icts during the Cold War (4) rise of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the Middle East
(3) regional confl icts during the Cold War
The situation shown on this map played a direct role in the (1) building of the Suez Canal (2) invasion of Afghanistan (3) series of Arab-Israeli wars (4) admission of Turkey to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
(3) series of Arab-Israeli wars
According to Elizabeth Robles Ortega, what is the basic cause of the problems described? (1) the Mexican government's desire to centralize power (2) NAFTA's demand for increased spending on health care (3) the Mexican government's focus on obtaining foreign capital (4) NAFTA's tight regulations on the environment
(3) the Mexican government's focus on obtaining foreign capital
What would be the best use for this pair of maps? (1) to explain why European powers used the mandate system (2) to examine the relationship between fresh water and Arab settlement patterns (3) to understand a reason used to establish boundaries for partition (4) to illustrate the advantages Palestinian Arabs have over Arabs living in Egypt
(3) to understand a reason used to establish boundaries for partition
Which statement best summarizes the effects actions like those expressed in this excerpt had on India? (1) International support for British colonial rule in India grew. (2) The call for Indian self-government was abandoned. (3) Separatist movements in India ended the fear of oppression. (4) British control of India gradually weakened and ended.
(4) British control of India gradually weakened and ended.
Which claim related to the economic situation in 18th-century France is most directly supported by this passage? (1) A surplus of grain hurt French farmers. (2) Subsidized bread prices led to improved living conditions in French cities. (3) Economic competition with England led to agricultural innovation in France. (4) Efforts to stimulate industry in France through trade agreements caused unemployment.
(4) Efforts to stimulate industry in France through trade agreements caused unemployment.
Which event was caused in part by the conditions described in this passage? (1) collapse of the British Empire (2) French withdrawal from Mughal India (3) German wars of unifi cation (4) French Revolution
(4) French Revolution
Which claim is best supported in this passage? (1) An arms race will help defuse tensions on the Korean peninsula. (2) Economic cooperation between the two Koreas would spread democracy to the North. (3) An invasion by the United States could remove Kim Jong Un from power with few casualties. (4) North Korea's successful military tests have increased the likelihood of war.
(4) North Korea's successful military tests have increased the likelihood of war.
Which historical development followed the events described in this excerpt? (1) Japan entered a period of isolation. (2) The war in Europe came to an end. (3) Japan annexed Korea and Manchuria. (4) The United States and the Soviet Union began an arms race.
(4) The United States and the Soviet Union began an arms race.
What was a result of the political situation shown on this map? (1) Most local rulers had power equal to that of European leaders. (2) The economic prosperity of the African nationalist leaders increased their power. (3) African leaders willingly adopted European forms of governance including constitutions. (4) The boundaries that were established led to the division of traditional cultures and commerce.
(4) The boundaries that were established led to the division of traditional cultures and commerce.
Which foreign policy action best explains the United States response to Cold War situations? (1) repeated reliance on appeasement (2) consistent attempts to bring about détente (3) a continuing pursuit of nonalignment (4) a long-term commitment to containment
(4) a long-term commitment to containment
Which major political event was partially caused by the Soviet war in Afghanistan? (1) Soviet occupation of Hungary (2) building of the Berlin Wall (3) placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba (4) collapse of the Soviet Union
(4) collapse of the Soviet Union
Which concept is most closely associated with the situation presented in map A? (1) appeasement (3) nonalignment (2) Zionism (4) colonialism
(4) colonialism
Which earlier historical development best refl ects Putin's strategy for rebuilding Russia's prestige in the world? (1) granting of independence to former Soviet republics (2) removal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan (3) lifting of the Berlin blockade (4) installation of communist regimes throughout Europe
(4) installation of communist regimes throughout Europe
Which concern facing China's government in 2000 can best be inferred from this cartoon? (1) protests against the need to shift from regional self-suffi ciency to regional specialization (2) military attacks by Western powers to gain competitive market shares (3) negative reactions by citizens to annexing Taiwan into the political bureaucracy (4) internal disruptions resulting from rapidly opening economic development zones
(4) internal disruptions resulting from rapidly opening economic development zones
Based on these photographs, which action taken by the governments of Chile and Argentina violated the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? (1) conducting trials by juries (2) blowing up factories (3) arresting known criminals (4) kidnapping political opponents
(4) kidnapping political opponents
According to this article by Roff Smith, the goal of Atatürk's reforms was to (1) prevent the elimination of the civil service system (2) implement a legal system based on religious teachings (3) revive Turkey's interest in Ottoman-era customs (4) modernize Turkey in the image of European nations
(4) modernize Turkey in the image of European nations
The actions taken by Gandhi and his followers, as described in this excerpt, are examples of (1) political espionage (2) economic terrorism (3) collective bargaining (4) nonviolent resistance
(4) nonviolent resistance
Since the end of apartheid, which problem continues to exist in South Africa? (1) inability of nonwhites to vote in elections (2) restricting educational instruction to Afrikaans (3) monopolizing of political power by white South Africans (4) persistence of segregation as a result of economic inequalities
(4) persistence of segregation as a result of economic inequalities
Which action did Marx and Engels predict would change the conditions described in this passage? (1) implementation of government reforms (2) adoption of laissez-faire policies (3) use of passive resistance (4) revolts by the working class
(4) revolts by the working class
Which historical development is most closely associated with this poster? (1) establishment of special economic zones (2) efforts to confront the opium crisis (3) nationalist rebellions against Qing rule (4) the Cultural Revolution
(4) the Cultural Revolution
The division of the mandates into these states caused future confl icts because (1) the Ottoman Empire thought it could easily conquer the divided territories (2) Britain received a larger territorial mandate than France did (3) none of the territories were turned over to German control as they had been promised (4) the boundaries failed to fully recognize competing religious and ethnic interests
(4) the boundaries failed to fully recognize competing religious and ethnic interests
What is the most likely purpose of this document? (1) to highlight the benefits of free market (2) to record the negative effects of child labor (3) to minimize the impacts of agricultural innovations (4) to inspire social and political reform
(4) to inspire social and political reform
For which purpose could this passage best be used? (1) learning about the reasons for the rise of the Khmer Rouge (2) researching life in Phnom Penh before the arrival of the Khmer Rouge (3) explaining the contributions of the ethnic minorities within Cambodia (4) understanding the impacts of Khmer Rouge policies on Cambodian society
(4) understanding the impacts of Khmer Rouge policies on Cambodian society
(1) became symbols of power and wealth
Based on this passage, one way the castle at Edo and the palace at Versailles are similar is that both (1) became symbols of power and wealth (2) developed into monastic centers of learning (3) were meant to provide protection and prevent attacks (4) served as monuments to the military
(2) millions of Irish emigrating to the United States
The conditions described in this passage directly resulted in (1) Ireland invading Britain (2) millions of Irish emigrating to the United States (3) most landlords forgiving the rent the Irish owed (4) Britain agreeing to withdraw from Ireland
Which claim can best be supported by this passage? (1) New technology made warfare more destructive. (2) Warfare had a limited impact on the environment. (3) Countries engaged in war were punished for their actions. (4) Illness and disease took many lives.
Which claim can best be supported by this passage? (1) New technology made warfare more destructive. (2) Warfare had a limited impact on the environment. (3) Countries engaged in war were punished for their actions. (4) Illness and disease took many lives.
(3) Rulers controlled their nobles by infl uencing where they lived.
Which claim can best be supported by this passage? (1) The more independent the nobles were the higher their status. (2) Nobles maintained their authority by remaining isolated. (3) Rulers controlled their nobles by infl uencing where they lived. (4) Spending time in segregated sectors guaranteed nobles the support of their ruler.
(3) French Revolution
Which event most directly influenced the writing of both documents? (1) Iranian Revolution (2) Cuban Revolution (3) French Revolution (4) Russian Revolution
Which long-term historical circumstance about Russia is shown in this illustration? (1) appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobles (2) autocratic rule of Russian royalty (3) rejection of the Pan-Slavism movement (4) support of the Russian Orthodox Church for democratic ideals
Which long-term historical circumstance about Russia is shown in this illustration? (1) appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobles (2) autocratic rule of Russian royalty (3) rejection of the Pan-Slavism movement (4) support of the Russian Orthodox Church for democratic ideals
(1) Rule of law represents a social contract with the people.
Which political philosophy is best supported by both documents? (1) Rule of law represents a social contract with the people. (2) Tyranny encourages liberty and security. (3) Separation of powers guarantees people fair treatment. (4) Oppression promotes the general will.
