Exam One silvestri practice questions

When caring for a 3-year-old child, the nurse would provide which toy for the child? A. A puzzle B. A wagon C. A golf set D. A miniature farm set

B. A wagon

Which interventions are appropriate for the care of an infant? Select all that apply A. Provide swaddling. B. Talk in a loud voice. C. Provide the infant with a bottle of juice at naptime. D. Hang mobiles with black-and-white contrast designs. E. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes. F. Allow the infant to cry for at least 10 minutes before responding.

A, D, E

The nurse is providing instructions to a new parent regarding the psychosocial development of the infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, which instruction would the nurse reinforce to the parents? A. Allow the infant to signal a need. B. Anticipate all of the needs of the infant. C. Attend to the crying infant immediately. D. Avoid the infant during the first 10 minutes of crying.

A. Allow the infant to signal a need

A mother of a 5-year-old child tells the nurse that the child scolds the floor or table if the child hurts herself on the object. The nurse identifies the child as displaying signs of which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development? A. Animism B. Egocentric speech C. Object permanence D. Global organization

A. Animism

A mother of a 3-year-old is concerned because the child is still insisting on a bottle at nap time and at bedtime. The nurse would make which suggestion to the mother? A. "Allow the bottle if it contains juice. B. "Allow the bottle if it contains water C. "Do not allow the child to have the bottle. D. "Allow the bottle during naps but not at bedtime."

B. 'Allow the bottle if it contains water"

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has been placed in traction after a fracture of the femur. Which is the most appropriate activity for this child? A. Blocks B. A music video C. A 10-piece puzzle D. Large picture books

C. A 10-piece puzzle

The nurse is assisting with preparing a plan of care for a 4-year-old child hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which intervention is most appropriate for this child? A. Provide a high-salt diet. B.Provide a high-protein diet. C. Discourage visitors at mealtimes. D. Encourage the child to eat in the playroom.

D. Encourage the child to eat in the playroom

The nurse is assessing a 36-month-old male child during a wellness visit to the pediatrician. The child weighs 43 pounds and is 41 inches tall. After plotting the measurements on the standardized growth charts for a 36-month-old, which should the nurse do next? A. Assess the parents' body shape and stature. B. Document these as expected findings for a 3-year-old child. C. Counsel the parent on appropriate physical activities and exercises. D. Refer the child and the parents for nutritional counseling related to obesity.

A. Assess the parents'. body shape and stature

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy who is hospitalized and placed in Crutchfield traction. The child is having difficulty adjusting to the length of the hospital confinement. Which nursing action would be appropriate to meet the child's needs? A. Let the child wear his own clothing when friends visit. B. Allow the child to have his hair dyed if the parent agrees. C. Allow the child to play loud music in the hospital room. D. Allow the child to keep the shades closed and the room darkened at all times.

A. Let the child wear his own clothing when friends visit

A 1-year-old child with hypospadias is scheduled for surgery to correct this condition. The nurse is asked to assist in preparing a plan of care for this child. During this developmental time period, which factor would the nurse take into account? A. Sibling rivalry will cause regression to occur. B. Fears of separation and mutilation are present. C. Embarrassment of voiding irregularities is common. D. Concern over size and function of the penis is present.

B. Fears of separation and mutilation are present.

A pediatric nurse is caring for a hospitalized toddler. The nurse determines that which play activity would be appropriate for the toddler? A. Listening to music B. Playing peek-a-boo C. Hand sewing a picture D. Playing with a push-pull toy

D. Playing with.a push-pull toy

The nurse is caring for a 8-month-old infant. The nurse determines the child is at the expected developmental level if the child displays which behavior? A. Waves bye-bye B. Uses gestures to communicate C. Babbles using single consonants D. Uses simple words such as "mama"

A. Waves bye-bye

The nursing student is preparing a conference on Freud's psychosexual stages of development, specifically the anal stage. Which appropriately relates to this stage A. Gratification of self B. Beginning of toilet training C. Tapering off of conscious biological and sexual urges D. Association with pleasurable and conflicting feelings about the genital organs

B. Beginning of toilet training

Upon palpation of the fontanel of a 3-month-old newborn, the nurse notes that the anterior fontanel has not closed and is soft and flat. Which action would the nurse take? A. Increase oral fluids. B. Document the findings. C. Notify the registered nurse. D. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.

B. Document the findings

The nurse provides instructions to a parent of a toddler experiencing physiological anorexia. The nurse determines the need for further teaching if the parent makes which statement? A. "I should not force feed my child." B. "I should limit juice to 6 ounces per day." C. "I should feed my child if she will not eat." D. "I should limit snacks to two nutritious ones per day and give them only at my toddler's request."

C. "I should feed my child if she will not eat."

During a well-child checkup for a 4-month-old, the nurse reinforces instructing the mother how to introduce solid foods into her child's diet. Which statement indicates the mother needs further teaching? A. "I will begin offering solids between 4 and 6 months of age." B. "I will introduce one new food over several days beginning with cereal." C. "I will start giving home-prepared orange juice when my child is 3 months old." D. "I will wait to introduce meat to the diet until after my child has eaten cereal, fruit, and vegetables."

C. "I will start giving home-prepared orange juice when my child is 3 months old."

The nurse determines an adolescent is showing progress toward completing Erikson's psychosocial developmental stages if the adolescent makes which statement? A. "I can't decide whether or not college is what's best for me." B. "When I look back on my life, I think I've done well, despite my problems." C. "I've met people who like that kind of music and we're going to a concert next week." D. "I believe I have finally met the person I truly would like to spend the rest of my life with."

C. "I've met people who like that kind of music and we're going to a concert next week."

A 4-year-old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention would the nurse suggest to alleviate the child's fears? A. Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child. B. Encourage play with other children of the same age. C. Advise the family to visit only during the scheduled visiting hours. D. Provide a private room, allowing the child to bring favorite toys from home.

A. Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child

The parent of a 3-year-old tells the nurse that the child is constantly rebelling and having temper tantrums. Which instruction would the nurse reinforce to the parent? A. Set limits on the child's behavior. B. Ignore the child when this behavior occurs. C. Allow the behavior, because this is normal at this age period. D. Punish the child every time the child says "no" to change the behavior.

A. Set limits on the child's behavior

When reinforcing appropriate developmental skills interventions for a 1-year-old child who was born 2 months premature, the nurse would plan to encourage the parents to support the child to achieve which developmentally appropriate goal? A. Sit independently. B. Build a tower of three blocks. C. Indicate her wants by pointing. D. Pull herself up into a standing position.

A. Sit independently

In the well-child clinic, the nurse observes an infant, age 10 months, playing with toys, bringing them to his mouth, and passing the toys from one hand to the next. The nurse determines the child is in which Jean Piaget's first developmental stage? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operational D. Concrete operational

A. sensorimotor

The mother of a toddler tells the nurse that she has a difficult time getting the child to go to bed at night. The nurse would make which suggestion to the mother? A. "Avoid a nap during the day." B. "Allow the child to set bedtime limits." C. "Allow the child to have temper tantrums." D. "Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed."

D. "Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed."

A 4-year-old child is reluctant to take deep breaths following abdominal surgery. Which measure would be effective to encourage deep breathing? A. Give the child colorful latex balloons to blow up. B. Tell the child to exhale forcefully through the peak flowmeter. C. Administer chest percussion in several postural drainage positions. D. Have the child pretend to be a big bad wolf blowing the little pig's house down.

D. Have the child pretend to be a big bad wolf blowing the little pig's house down.

A child remarks, "I share my toys and snacks with my friends so they will like me more." The nurse determines the child is in which stage of moral development? A. Egocentric judgment B. Law-and-order orientation C. Good boy-nice girl orientation D. Social contract and legalistic orientation

C. Good boy-nice girl orientation

The nurse is observing a parent and child interacting in the clinic waiting room. The child begins to bounce on the couch. The parent removes the child from the couch stating firmly, "Couches are for sitting, not for jumping." The parent then gives the child a toy to play with on the carpet. The child plays with the toy until called by the nurse. The nurse determines the child is acting within which Kohlberg stage of moral development? A. Egocentric judgment B. Law-and-order orientation C. Punishment-obedience stage D. Good boy-nice girl orientation

C. Punishment-obedience stage

The parents of a 16-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned because the child sleeps until noon every weekend. Which is the most appropriate nursing response? A. "Adolescents love to sleep late in the morning." B."The child shouldn't be staying up so late at night." C. "If the child eats properly, that shouldn't be happening." D. "The child should have a blood test to check for anemia."

A. "Adolescents love to sleep late in the morning"

The nurse determines a 5-year-old child is in the expected Erikson's psychosocial stage if the child makes which comment? A. "I like drawing my mommy pictures with my finger paints." B."My favorite thing to do is having recess at school with my friends." C. "All my friends and I hang around the mall on Saturday mornings." D. "No, mommy, I don't want to take a bath. I don't need to go potty."

A. "i like drawing my mommy pictures with my fingers paints."

A 6-year-old is hospitalized with a fracture of the femur and is placed in traction. In meeting the psychosocial needs of the child, the nurse most appropriately selects which play activity for the child? A. A board game B. A large puzzle C. A finger-painting set D. A coloring book with crayons

A. A board game

During data collection on a child for a well-child visit, a parent tells the nurse "We have a chore chart at our house. When our child does chores without prompting for 3 days in a row, the child gets an extra 30 minutes of screen time. So far, it seems to be working!" The nurse determines the child's behavior corresponds with which stage of Kohlberg's moral development? A. Pre-conventional: Obtaining rewards B. Pre-conventional: Avoiding punishment C. Conventional: Obeying rules and regulations D. Post-conventional: Making and keeping promises

A. Pre-conventional: Obtaining rewards

The nurse is collecting data from parents of a 2-year-old child about mealtime activities. The nurse expects a child this age to have attained which ability? A. Uses a fork to eat B. Holds a cup in one hand C. Pours own milk into a cup D. Uses a knife for cutting food

B. Holds a cup in one hand

During a routine well-child checkup for a 2½ year old, the nurse plans to teach the mother proper nutrition and weight gain expectations for her child. The nurse reviews the chart and finds that the toddler's birth weight was 7 pounds 15 ounces. The nurse expects that the child should weigh approximately how much at this time? A. 15 pounds 14 ounces B. 23 pounds 13 ounces C. 31 pounds 12 ounces D. 39 pounds 11 ounces

C. 31 pounds 12 ounces

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is collecting data on the language and communication developmental milestones of a 4-month-old infant. Based on the age of the infant, the nurse expects to note which highest level of developmental milestones? A. Cooing sounds B. Use of gestures C. Babbling sounds D. Interest in sounds

C. Babbling sounds

The nurse is collecting data regarding the motor development of a 24-month-old child. Based on the age of the child, the nurse expects to note which highest level of developmental milestone A. The child snaps large snaps. B. The child builds a tower of two blocks. C. The child uses a doorknob to open a door. D. The child puts on simple clothes independently.

C. The child uses a doorknob tp open a door

The nurse is performing a safety assessment in the home of a mother with two children. The ages of the children are 1 and 3 years. Which observation noted during the assessment would present the greatest hazard to the children? A. A small dog as a house pet B. The water heater set above 120° F C. Toys with small loose parts in the playroom D.A gate placed at the stairs of the second floor

C. Toys with small loose parts in the playroom

The nurse determines a child is in the "preoperational" phase of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory when the child makes which statement? A. "I know all of my multiplication tables by memory". B. "The ball is gone," when a ball disappears out of sight. C. "I'll use a map to help me find my way in a new town". D. "The moon follows me, and goes to bed when I go to bed".

D. "The moon follows me, and goes to bed when i go to bed."

A 4-year-old child is hospitalized for severe gastroenteritis. The child is crying and clinging to the mother. The mother becomes very upset and is afraid to leave the child. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate to alleviate the child's fears and the mother's anxiety? A. Reassure the mother that the child will be fine after she leaves. B. Ask the mother if she would like to stay overnight with the child. C. Give the mother the telephone number of the pediatric unit, and tell the mother to call at any time. D. Tell the mother to bring the child's favorite toys the next time she comes to the hospital to visit.

B. Ask the mother if she would like to stay overnight with the child

A nursing student is assigned to care for a hospitalized 2-year-old child. The nursing instructor reviews the plan of care with the student and asks the student to identify the expected behavior of the child in regard to separation anxiety. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of separation anxiety that can occur in a 2-year-old child? A. "The child will withdraw." B. "Separation anxiety is not an issue in a 2-year-old." C. "The child may ignore the parents when they visit." D. "Two-year-olds usually adjust well to hospitalization."

C. "The child may ignore the parents when they visit."

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a 16-year-old male adolescent regarding dietary patterns. The nurse instructs the adolescent about the recommended amount of daily calories. How many calories a day does the nurse recommend as the approximate daily caloric allowance for a male adolescent? A. 1200 B. 1800 C. 2200 D. 3000

C. 2200

A client with sickle cell anemia has vaso-occlusive pain. After noting that the client is of preschool age, the nurse plans to use which method to determine the adequacy of pain control? A. Ask the client to use a numerical rating scale of 0 to 10. B. Institute the use of a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. C. Ask the client to point to faces (smiling to very sad) that best describe the pain. D. Ask the client to use a word descriptive rating scale (no, little, medium, large, worst pain)

C. Ask the client to point to faces (smiling to very sad) that best describe the pain.

The parents of a 2-year-old arrive at the hospital to visit their child. The child is in the play room and ignores the parents during the visit. The nurse tells the parents that this behavior in a 2-year-old child indicates which characteristic about the child? A. The child is withdrawn. B. The child is upset with the parents. C. The child is exhibiting a normal pattern. D The child has adjusted to the hospitalized setting.

C. The child is exhibiting a normal pattern.

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 5-year-old client. The nurse would recognize that which is normal for this child in this developmental stage? A. The child believes the moon follows her. B. The child can consider her friends' points of view. C. The child demonstrates the ability to think abstractly. D. The child is able recognize which animals are mammals.

A. The child believes the moon follows her

The mother of a 4-year-old who was recently hospitalized brings the child to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The mother tells the nurse that the child has begun to wet the bed and that it started when the child was brought home from the hospital. The mother is concerned and asks the nurse what to do. Which nursing response is appropriate? A. "You need to discipline the child." B. "This is a normal occurrence following hospitalization." C. "The child probably has developed a urinary tract infection." D. "We will need to discuss this behavior with the primary health care provider."

B. "This is a normal occurrence following hospitalization."

The parent of a 4-year-old child expresses concern because her hospitalized child has started sucking his thumb. The mother states that this behavior began 2 days after hospital admission. Which is the appropriate nursing response? A. "Your child is acting like a baby. B. "The doctor will need to be notified. C. "This is common during hospitalization" D. "A 4-year-old is too old for this type of behavior."

C. "This is common during hospitalization"

The nurse is developing goals for a school-age child with a knowledge deficit related to the use of inhalers and peak flow meters. The nurse identifies which goal as appropriate for this child? A. Denies shortness of breath or difficulty breathing B. Has regular respirations at a rate of 18 to 22 breaths per minute C. Expresses feelings of mastery and competence with breathing devices D. Watches the educational video and reads printed information provided

C. Expresses feelings of mastery and competence with breathing devices

A 16-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis, and an appendectomy is performed. Which intervention is most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and development A. Encourage the child to rest and read. B. Encourage the parents to room-in with the child. C. Allow the family to bring in favorite computer games. D. Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the same age group when the condition permits.

D. Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the same age group when the condition permits.

The mother of a 2-year-old child asks the nurse if it is all right to give the child a bottle at naptime. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? A. "At this age, the child may have a bottle at any time." B. "A bottle may be given if the child isn't taking fluids well during the day." C. "You may give the child a bottle if necessary, but if you do, it should contain water." D. "The child may have a bottle at naptime, but it is best not to give a bottle at bedtime."

C. "You may give the child a bottle if necessary, but if you do, it should contain water."

The nurse in the pediatric unit is admitting a 2-year-old child. The nurse plans care, considering the child will likely display which behavior during Erikson's psychosocial stage of development corresponding with the age? A. The child constantly wants to suck on a pacifier. B. The child enjoys finger painting on large pieces of paper. C. The child enjoys sorting blocks according to size and color. D. The child frequently says "no" when the parents or the nurse asks a question.

D. The child frequently says "no" when the parents or the nurse asks a question.

The parents of an 8-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned about the child because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anyone else. Which is the appropriate nursing response? A. "You need to be concerned." B. "You need to monitor the child's behavior closely." C. "You need to praise the child more often to stop this behavior." D. "At this age, the child is developing his or her own personality."

D. "At this age, the child is developing his or her own personality."

The nurse is assisting with data collection for a parent and son during a well-child visit. The nurse determines the child is in the phallic stage of Sigmund Freud's theory of personality development if the parent makes which comment? A. "My child is finally toilet trained." B. "I've noticed my child is developing pubic hair." C. "Yesterday my son asked me why he looked different from his sister." D. "My son hangs around other boys, and they've started saying girls have cooties."

C. "Yesterday my son asked me why he looked different from his sister."

The nurse is employed in a newborn nursery. The nurse is reviewing all medications prescribed for newborns to prevent toxicity due to which causes? Select all that apply. A. The liver is immature. B. The lungs are not developed. C. Cerebral function is not fully developed. D> The kidneys are smaller than those of adults. E. The kidneys are less able to excrete medications. F. The neonate has more difficulty retaining body heat.

A, E

During a well-child visit a mother states she is frustrated with her 2-year-old child. Whenever she asks him if he wants something to eat, he says "no," but then he starts to cry when she does not give him the food. The nurse would provide which instruction to explain the psychosocial concepts related to growth and development of the toddler? A. "Your toddler is only 2 years old, and you should not be giving him choices. He is too young. B. "Your toddler is asserting his independence as he is progressing through the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt." C. Your toddler is still in the stage of trust versus mistrust, and you need to spend more time with him so that he feels more secure." D. "Your toddler is experiencing magical thinking, and with this stage if he says 'no,' he believes you will know he means the opposite."

B. "Your toddler is asserting his independence as he is progressing through the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt."