Exhaust and Emission system

Hanger and clamps

Exhaust clamps and hangers are used to connect and suspend the exhaust system components under the body of the vehicle

Exhaust components

Exhaust manifolds, Exhaust pipes, Muffler, resonator, Exhaust gaskets and seals, Hangers and clamps

Exhaust gas recirculation

When open it reroutes a small amount of inert (chemically inactive) exhaust gas to the intake manifold

electricity design

(CV) engine

Gas design

(ICE) engine

Catalytic converter

A TWC contains a catalyst that when very hot accelerates the chemical change of CO, HO and NOx into vapor(H2O), CO2 and nitrogen

Exhaust gaskets and seals

A gasket or seal ring ( also known as a donut) may be used where exhaust parts are joined to prevent exhaust leaks

Resonator

A resonator helps absorb additional sound vibrations in critical areas of the exhaust system

EVAP/charcoal canister

An evaporation emission control canister also known as a charcoal or carbon canister is used in the emission system to store hydrocarbons fuel vapors from the fuel tank

Muffler

It is basically a silencer to aid in the reduction of noise pollution and is located after the catalytic converter, but before the tailpipe

powertrain control module

The PCM receives input from sensors and then provides accurate and immediate commands

Positive crankcase ventilation

The PCV valve commonly located in the valve cover with a hose connecting it to the intake manifold, reduces HC and CO (blow by crankcase emissions)

Exhaust and emission purpose

The exhaust and emission system is designed to deal with the inefficient by products of the internal combustion process

Exhaust pipes

The intermediate exhaust pipe, connects the catalytic converter to the muffler

biodiesel and propane fuel are not alike

biodiesel vehicles cost more than a propane vehicle

biodiesel and propane fuel are alike

both biodiesel and propane vehicles are on the road

electricity advantages

can fit into small spaces,

electricity disadvantages

can not go as for with out changer for a long time

hybrid advantages

can use gas or electricity, can go very fare

hybrid design

gas and electricity engine

gas advantages

it can go fare, it is fast to put in

Exhaust manifolds

it harnesses the hot exhaust gases from combustion and guides them to the exhaust pipes.

Oxygen sensors

it send signals to the PCM to maintain a 14.7 to 1 (stoichiometric ratio) air-fuel ratio

gas disadvantages

kills the plant

hybrid disadvantages

to much money