EXS 204
According to MyPlate, Donovan should consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. Which of the following foods should he eat to replace one cup of milk? Select one: a. 2 oz American cheese b. 1.5 oz cream cheese c. 1.5 cups baked beans d. 1 cup cottage cheese
a. 2 oz American cheese
Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach? Select one: a. Bile b. Gastric juice c. Hydrochloric acid d. Mucus
a. Bile
Sara would like to compare the cholesterol contents of canned tuna. She should read the _____ on the product's labels. Select one: a. country of origin b. Nutrition Facts panel c. list of ingredients d. structure/functions claims
b. Nutrition Facts panel
Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid? Select one: a. Oleic acid b. Stearic acid c. Alpha-linoleic acid d. Palmitic acid
c. Alpha-linoleic acid
Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to i.d. lifestyle factors related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population? Select one: a. Double-blind study b. Experimental study c. Retrospective study d. Single-blind study
c. Retrospective study
Which of the following conditions is not a leading cause of death in the United States? Select one: a. Heart disease b. Cancer c. Tuberculosis d. Stroke
c. Tuberculosis
The liver uses cholesterol to make Select one: a. bile. b. water. c. vitamin A. d. fatty acids.
a. bile.
____ is an example of an "empty-calorie" food. Select one: a. Unsalted crackers b. Lite beer c. Cottage cheese d. Whole milk
b. Lite beer
Which of the following vitamins can be made by the human body? Select one: a. Thiamin b. B-12 c. D d. C
c. D
Glycogen is Select one: a. a polysaccharide made by plants. b. the form of fat stored in fat cells. c. the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue. d. a simple sugar in grapes and honey.
c. the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue
The body can store large amounts of Select one: a. vitamin C. b. thiamin. c. vitamin B-12. d. riboflavin.
c. vitamin B-12.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Most people can tolerate a fever of 108 to 110 F. b. Iron ions are crucial for maintaining cellular fluid balance. c. Humans rely primarily on panting to dissipate excess body heat. d. Human cells maintain proper hydration primarily by controlling ions in fluid compartments.
d. Human cells maintain proper hydration primarily by controlling ions in fluid compartments.
Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat? Select one: a. Eggs b. Butter c. Cheese d. Legumes
d. Legumes
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The gallbladder makes bile and stores the compound in the liver. b. Segmentation enables chyme to move through the esophagus. c. Foods that taste bitter are generally good energy sources because of their high carbohydrate contents. d. Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children.
d. Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children.
To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add ____ of the nutrient to its EAR. Select one: a. the %DV amount b. 50 to 100 mg c. an AI amount d. a "margin of safety" amount
d. a "margin of safety" amount
Certain organs and tissues use _______ to send messages to target cells. Select one: a. bonds b. enzymes c. hormones d. lacteals
c. hormones
The body eliminates water through the Select one: a. liver b. lymphatic system c. lungs d. thyroid gland
c. lungs
Having a control group enable researchers to Select one: a. explore possible hypotheses for future research efforts. b. avoid using harmful interventions when testing control subjects' responses. c. provide specific treatments to participants of the group. d. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group.
d. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group.
If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be Select one: a. metabolized to form urea and excreted by the kidneys. b. converted to proteins that are metabolized for energy. c. eliminated in feces. d. converted into fat and stored.
d. converted into fat and stored.
In the United States, food insecurity is most likely to affect Select one: a. adult women who take birth control pills. b. body builders who consume too many protein supplements. c. adolescent boys experiencing a growth spurt. d. older adults on fixed incomes.
d. older adults on fixed incomes.
According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, most healthy people who are less than 51 years of age should limit their sodium intake to _______ mg/day Select one: a. 2300 b. 1000 c. 300 d. 2100
a. 2300
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Cells produce water as a by-product of metabolism. b. Most of the water that enters the digestive tract is excreted in feces. c. In general, fruits and vegetables are less than 25% water by weight. d. Water and beverages comprise 100% of a person's total water intake.
a. Cells produce water as a by-product of metabolism.
The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the Select one: a. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) b. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) c. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) d. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
a. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Which of the following foods are legumes? Select one: a. Peanuts b. Potatoes c. Mushrooms d. Onions
a. Peanuts
Which of the following statements is false? Select one: a. The internet is generally a reliable source of nutrition information, because information posted at websites has been peer-reviewed. b. Websites with .edu in their addresses are likely to provide reliable nutrition information. c. When evaluating claims for dietary supplements that appear at a a website, be wary of products that include promises for quick remedies. d. In general, personal websites, such as blogs, are not reliable sources of nutrition information.
a. The internet is generally a reliable source of nutrition information, because information posted at websites has been peer-reviewed.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The traditional African-American diet often contains unhealthy amounts of fat and sodium. b. According to Islamic dietary laws, chicken is a prohibited food. c. The typical Asian diet usually includes plenty of milk and milk products. d. According to Jewish dietary laws, caffeinated beverages should not be consumed.
a. The traditional African-American diet often contains unhealthy amounts of fat and sodium.
Proteins Select one: a. are comprised of amino acids. b. have phosphorus in their chemical structures. c. are stored as glycogen in the body. d. provide 7 kcal/g.
a. are comprised of amino acids.
Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he Select one: a. avoid overeating during meals. b. increase his intake of solid fats. c. take a multivitamin pill before meals. d. decrease his intake of fruits and vegetables.
a. avoid overeating during meals.
Deep yellow, dark green and orange fruits and vegetables are rich sources of Select one: a. beta-carotene. b. gelatin. c. vitamin D. d. essential amino acids.
a. beta-carotene.
A molecule forms when two or more atoms are attracted to each other and held together by Select one: a. bonds. b. solvents. c. bases. d. salts.
a. bonds
Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information he should limit his intake of Select one: a. butter and beef. b. fruit juices. c. nuts and seeds. d. whole grain products.
a. butter and beef.
MyPlate Select one: a. can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences. b. uses the same food groupings as the Exchange System. c. was replaced by MyPyramid in 2014. d. classifies olives in the oil foods group.
a. can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences.
Excessive vitamin D intakes can result in Select one: a. deposition of calcium ins oft tissues. b. no particular health problems because the vitamin is rapidly excreted in urine. c. megaloblastic anemia. d. increased blood clot formation.
a. deposition of calcium ins oft tissues.
Parathyroid hormone Select one: a. enhances the body's ability to retain calcium. b. signals osteoblasts to release calcium from bones. c. enables glucose to enter cells. d. increases the body's rate of potassium excretion.
a. enhances the body's ability to retain calcium.
Which of the following organs relies on enterohepatic circulation to recycle bile salts? Select one: a. liver b. thyroid c. brain d. esophagus
a. liver
Which of the following foods or beverages is the main source of added sugars in American diets? Select one: a. sugar-sweetened soft drinks b. candies c. fruit juices d. frosted doughnuts, cakes and pastries
a. sugar-sweetened soft drinks
When she sampled a spoonful of hot soup, Jill burnt the tip of her tongue. During the 24 hours that followed the injury she had difficulty detecting foods that tasted Select one: a. sweet. b. sour. c. cold. d. meaty.
a. sweet
Ricky has prehypertension, because his blood pressure readings are consistently around Select one: a. 117/65 mm Hg. b. 128/88 mm Hg. c. 90/120 mm Hg. d. 142/92 mm Hg.
b. 128/88 mm Hg.
Maria limits her sodium intake to 2.3 g/day. This amount is equivalent to Select one: a. 230 mg/day. b. 2300 mg/day. c. 23 mg/day. d. 23,000 mg/day.
b. 2300 mg/day.
Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is _______ grams. Select one: a. 120 b. 80 c. 100 d. 140
b. 80
Which of the following foods is not usually responsible for causing allergic responses? Select one: a. Peanuts and other nuts b. Carrots and celery c. Wheat and shellfish d. Fish and shellfish
b. Carrots and celery
Which acid is an omega-3 fatty acid? Select one: a. Lauric b. Docosahexaenoic c. Stearic d. Linoleic
b. Docosahexaenoic
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Pseudoscience is the practice of medicine without proper training and credentials. b. In general, registered dietitians are reliable sources of nutrition information. c. People who describe themselves as nutritionists are registered dietitians. d. In the U.S., a person can obtain a Ph.D. in nutrition only by graduating from an accredited institution of higher learning.
b. In general, registered dietitians are reliable sources of nutrition information.
Which of the following organs is not directly involved in maintaining the body's fluid balance? Select one: a. Skin b. Thyroid gland c. Lungs d. Kidneys
b. Thyroid gland
Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome? Select one: a. Unexpected weight loss b. Waist circumference of 43 inches c. Frequent urination d. Body temperature that is over 101F
b. Waist circumference of 43 inches
Food guides generally do not group ______ with dairy foods. Select one: a. American cheese b. eggs c. plain yogurt d. pudding
b. eggs
When cells have more glucose than they need energy, they may convert some of the excess into Select one: a. certain B vitamins. b. fat. c. fiber. d. ketone bodies.
b. fat.
Lecithin is a type of Select one: a. fatty acid. b. phospholipid. c. triglyceride. d. sterol.
b. phospholipid.
Which of the following is a source of sucrose? Select one: a. egg white b. sugar cane c. fat-free milk d. beef liver
b. sugar cane
A recipe made from foods with these nutrients: 120 ml of water, 50 g of fat, 40 g of protein, 235 g of carbohydrate, and 600 mg of calcium. How many kcal does the entire product of this recipe provide? Select one: a. 2020 b. 930 c. 1550 d. 580
c. 1550
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. People who develop side effects after taking dietary supplements can report their experiences to the GAO. b. According to the legal definition developed by the FDA, a "dietary supplement" is a food that influences metabolism. c. Before taking a dietary supplement, people should determine whether the product is necessary or safe. d. Physicians and dietitians do not recommend dietary supplements for their patients.
c. Before taking a dietary supplement, people should determine whether the product is necessary or safe.
Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices? Select one: a. Birth order b. Vitamin A status c. Close friends d. Blood type
c. Close friends
Which of the following vitamins have antioxidant activity? Select one: a. B-6 b. K c. E d. D
c. E
Which of the following practices is an example of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)? Select one: a. Consuming foods that contain niacin to treat pellagra. b. Taking aspirin to reduce inflammation. c. Visiting a chiropractor to have a spinal treatment. d. Having surgery to remove a cancerous tumor.
c. Visiting a chiropractor to have a spinal treatment.
An _____ is a substance that protects vulnerable molecules from free radicals. Select one: a. oncogene b. enzyme c. antioxidant d. ion
c. antioxidant
If extracellular water has an excess of sodium ions, Select one: a. extracellular fluid moves into cells. b. excess zinc and fluoride ions are eliminated in feces. c. cells lose intracellular fluid and shrink. d. sodium ions move into cells.
c. cells lose intracellular fluid and shrink.
After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into Select one: a. the hepatic portal vein. b. lacteals. c. chylomicrons. d. the lumen.
c. chylomicrons.
Having a control group enable researchers to Select one: a. explore possible hypotheses for future research efforts. b. provide specific treatments to participants of the group. c. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group. d. avoid using harmful interventions when testing control subjects' responses.
c. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group.
When using the MyPlate web site to plan your menus, it is not necessary to provide information about your Select one: a. body weight b. sex c. ethnic background d. physical activity level
c. ethnic background
Which of the following foods provides the most carbohydrates per 4-ounce serving? Select one: a. baked chicken b. ham slice c. fat-free milk d. canned tuna
c. fat-free milk
The typical American eats more protein from _______ than he or she did in the early 1900's. Select one: a. grains b. vegetables c. fish d. fruits
c. fish
A serving of food supplies 100 kcal from protein. Based on this information, how many grams of protein are in the serving? Select one: a. 100 b. 25 c. 400 d. 125
d. 125
Which of the following statements are true? Select one: a. Fatty acids contain nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon. b. The omega end of a fatty acid molecule contains the acid group. c. A saturated fat has a triple bond between two carbons in the hydrocarbon chain. d. A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.
d. A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.
The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the Select one: a. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) b. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) c. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) d. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
d. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Which of the following diets does not provide enough high-quality proteins to support a child's growth? Select one: a. Ovovegetarian b. Semivegetarian c. Lactoovovegetarian d. Fruitarian
d. Fruitarian
Which of the following foods is a good source of Vitamin K? Select one: a. Citrus fruit b. Enriched breads c. Processed poultry products d. Green leafy vegetables
d. Green leafy vegetables
Physician who hosts a popular TV show makes several nutrition-related claims during one of the programs. Which of the doctor's claims is a "red flag" of unreliable information? Select one: a. Not all doctors are nutrition experts. b. The "placebo effect" often occurs in controlled studies involving human subjects. c. Niacin cures pellagra. d. Kava cures migraine headaches.
d. Kava cures migraine headaches.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the nutrient needs of 50% of healthy people. b. A group of scientists at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics developed the DRIs. c. Nutrient requirements are the same, regardless of a person's age or sex. d. The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 60% of total energy intake.
d. The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 60% of total energy intake.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The esophagus is the muscular valve that connects the stomach to the small intestine. b. Lean people have a higher risk of gallstones than overweight people. c. The colon is the major site of nutrient absorption in the human digestive system. d. The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.
d. The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about a product's essential amino acid content. b. Nutrient labels are not required to include information about the grams of protein in a serving of the food. c. Most food labels include information about the bioavailability of protein in the product. d. You can judge a packaged food's protein quality by reviewing the ingredients' list.
d. You can judge a packaged food's protein quality by reviewing the ingredients' list.
A scientist wants to bread down a carbohydrate called "maltose" into its component parts. To accomplish this task, she should Select one: a. heat maltose until it decomposes. b. combine maltose with copper and zinc ions. c. mix maltose with 10 ml of water to form a solution. d. add maltase to a solution that contains maltose.
d. add maltase to a solution that contains maltose.
Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids? Select one: a. green beans b. corn oil c. baked chicken d. canola oil
d. canola oil
Which of the following groups of foods are sources of starch? Select one: a. eggs, fat-free milk and corn oil b. liver, apples and cheese c. peaches, safflower oil and peanuts d. corn, potatoes and rice
d. corn, potatoes and rice
Consuming a high-sodium diet can increase the risk of Select one: a. cystic fibrosis b. liver cancer c. osteomalacia d. hypertension
d. hypertension
The ______ play a major role in regulating the body's fluid balance. Select one: a. parathyroid glands b. ovaries c. salivary glands d. kidneys
d. kidneys
High intakes of vitamin A during pregnancy can cause birth defects. This is an example of Select one: a. nutrigenetics b. nutripronomics c. nutrifanatics d. nutrigenomics
d. nutrigenomics
Vitamin D helps the body absorb ________. Select one: a. sodium and potassium. b. magnesium and iodine. c. iron and copper. d. phosphorus and calcium.
d. phosphorus and calcium.
Dietitians often refer to _____ as "empty-calorie" foods. Select one: a. fat-free dairy products b. breads c. 100% fruit juices d. sugar-sweetened soft drinks
d. sugar-sweetened soft drinks
Which of the following statements are true? Select one: a. The cholesterol carried by oxidized LDL is taken up by certain arterial cells and deposited in plaque. b. VLDL's transport most cholesterol in blood to the liver for disposal. c. All forms of LDL cholesterol are considered unhealthy because they increase the risk of diabetes. d. Hydrolyzed HDL is a toxic lipoprotein that contributes to cardiovascular disease.
a. The cholesterol carried by oxidized LDL is taken up by certain arterial cells and deposited in plaque.
If the RDA/AI for a mineral is 30 mg/day how should it be classified? Select one: a. Trace mineral b. Nonessential mineral c. Major mineral d. Possible essential mineral
a. Trace mineral
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Excessive intakes of vitamin D cause rickets in children. b. Skin can form pro hormone vitamin D after being exposed to sunlight. c. Pellagra is the vitamin D deficiency disorder in adults. d. Vitamin D is necessary for proper collagen formation.
b. Skin can form pro hormone vitamin D after being exposed to sunlight.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Sucrose is composed of two glucose molecules. b. Sucrose is a source of glucose. c. Sucrose supplies more energy, gram per gram, than starch. d. Sucrose has no nutritional value.
b. Sucrose is a source of glucose.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains the government's database of the nutrient contents of foods for labeling purposes. b. The National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is an internet tool for assessing the nutrient content of foods. c. By using dietary analysis software, you can obtain precise information about your total day's energy intake. d. Dietary analysis software programs provide exact values for the micronutrient contents of foods.
b. The National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is an internet tool for assessing the nutrient content of foods.
A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food? Select one: a. Water provides the most food energy. b. Protein provides about 50% of total calories. c. Fat provides the most food energy. d. Carbohydrate provides the most food energy.
c. Fat provides the most food energy.
Which of the following statements about food labels is true? Select one: a. Information about fiber content of a food are not provided in the Nutrition Facts panel. b. The Nutrition Facts panel includes information about a food's glycogen content. c. The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food. d. The list of ingredients on food packages does not have to include added sugars.
c. The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Cells that have unrelated functions are organized into tissues. b. A cell is comprised of related tissues. c. The body is comprised of organ systems. d. An organelle is the smallest living component of the human body.
c. The body is comprised of organ systems.
Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The traditional Asian diet contains high amounts of milk and milk products. b. According to Mormon dietary laws, pork and pork by-products are forbidden as food. c. The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet. d. Jewish dietary laws forbid the use of alcohol.
c. The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet.
Katrina is 20 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcals/day. According to AMDR guidelines, what is her range of protein intake? Select one: a. 720 to 1080 kcal/day b. 450 to 900 kcal/day c. 90 to 360 kcal/day d. 180 to 630 kcal/day
d. 180 to 630 kcal/day
Jorge weighs 198 pounds. What is his weight in kilograms? Select one: a. 80 kg b. 100 kg c. 120 kg d. 90 kg
d. 90 kg
Vitamin _____ protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from being damaged by free radicals. Select one: a. B-12 b. K c. D d. E
d. E
