EXSC 201 Midterm Study Guide
What is a standard?
A uniform criterion or minimum essential element for the measurement of quality
Which of the following would not be an influencing factor on a person's career choice?
All of the above could be influencing factors; A role model in this career, Enjoyment of working with people, Monetary benefits, job security
Which of the following is not a justification for the popularity of intercollegiate athletics?
All of the above have been used to justify intercollegiate athletics.
Which of the following would not be a benefit of a school physical education program?
All of the above should be benefits.
Which of the following responsibilities is an athletic trainer not expected to complete?
An athletic trainer would be expected to fulfill all of these responsibilities
Which of the following is a major problem in many youth sport programs today?
An overemphasis on winning
What is a measurement of knowledge, skills, and abilities that leads to the assignment of a value or score?
Assessment
What was a primary reason why playgrounds were established in cities in the 1800s?
Assimilation and social control of children
Which of the following was a cause for the ending of the ancient Olympic Games?
Corruption, cheating, professionalism, and specialization by the athletes.
What was the initial purpose of the YMCA Training School?
Develop the all-around man.
Which of the following is an instructional challenge facing physical educators in schools?
Drug and alcohol abuse by students
Who designed exercise machines for individualized physical development?
Dudley Sargent
Who developed the apparatus or machines used at Harvard in individualized programs for the physical development of students?
Dudley Sargent.
Which European nation influenced amateur sports worldwide?
England
Which of the following best describes Title IX as it applies to athletics?
Equal opportunity for males and females
Which of the following should be a requirement for setting and achieving goals?
Establish a challenging, yet realistic, path to achieving the goal.
What would be the most typical undergraduate major for someone who wishes to become a strength training and conditioning coach?
Exercise science
Which of the following is not a physical activity objective of Healthy People 2020?
Increase the proportion of adults who meet current federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and for muscle-strengthening activity.
Which of the following is not a research-proven benefit of physical activity?
Increased eye-hand coordination
Which of the following is a problem associated with interscholastic sports?
Inducements to change schools are being provided to highly skilled adolescents.
Which of the following should be the optimal curriculum for a secondary school physical education program?
Lifetime sports and physical fitness
What system emphasized movements using hand-held apparatus, such as dumb bells and Indian clubs?
Light gymnastics
Which of the following would not be an example of an area of development within the psychomotor objective?
Locomotor skills
Who started the Public Schools Athletic League in New York City?
Luther Gulick
Which of the following is not a characteristic of athletic competitions for Greeks during the Homeric era?
Men and women competed
What is required by Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments relative to financial assistance (grants-in-aid) for athletes?
Must be available on a substantially proportional basis to the number of male and female athletes.
Which association establishes professional standards for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of sports injuries?
National Athletic Trainers' Association
What was the theme of Danish gymnastics under Franz Nachtegall at the Military Gymnastics Institute?
Nationalism
Which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of causal attribution relative to the importance placed on ability, effort, luck, and task difficulty on the outcome of a sporting event?
Sport and exercise psychology
Which type(s) of sports opportunities did college women participate in during the 1920s through the 1960s?
Sports days, play days, and field days
What was the founding purpose of the Amateur Athletic Union?
To check the evils of professionalism and promote amateur sports.
What was the reason for the establishment of the National Collegiate Athletic Association?
To reduce or eliminate injuries and deaths in football
When a coach allows an athlete to dispute an official's call, the coach is making an ethical choice.
True
What Friedrich Jahn's gymnastics program?
Turner.
This career requires a doctor's degree and research productivity for tenure.
University professor in one of the exercise and sport sciences
Who was the most significant person in the formulation of the rules of American football?
Walter Camp
Greek athletes took great pride in setting records in sports.
false
There is no positive relationship between work productivity and level of physical fitness.
false
What is often associated with sports played by Native Americans?
gambling
Luther Gulick and Clark Hetherington emphasized which program focus?
play
Which of the following career areas is associated with the leisure services field?
private sports club
Specialists in this exercise and sport science examine achievement, motivation, arousal, attribution, and personality development.
sport and exercise psychology
Which of these is a manipulative skill?
striking
A benefit of physical activity is controlling blood pressure.
true
A portfolio used to obtain a job should include a professional philosophy.
true
A sport psychologist may use biofeedback to help athletes relax or control their arousal levels.
true
Applied sport psychology focuses on using an understanding psychological theories and techniques to help athletes improve their performances.
true
Becoming a compliance officer in intercollegiate athletics is an example of a career choice for a sport manager.
true
Before choosing a career, it is important to assess your personal lifestyle preferences.
true
Campus recreation programs often include intramurals, club sports, free play; faculty-staff programs, and non-athletic activities, such as games, crafts, dances, and movies.
true
Careers in fitness may include leadership, instruction, and exercise prescription in clinical, club, and specialized settings.
true
Careers in sport management could include sales positions for sports clothing and sporting equipment.
true
Careers in sports broadcasting, sports journalism, and sports photography reflect the interdependence of sports and the media.
true
Catharine Beecher's calisthenics program consisted of exercises designed to promote health, beauty, and strength, especially for females.
true
Illustrations of professional involvement would be joining a professional organization, reading its journals, and attending its conferences.
true
In the early years, the Olympic Games were dominated by the Spartans.
true
Lack of motivation, time, money, physical skills, and knowledge prohibit many people's participation in physical activities.
true
Leaders should have integrity, communicate effectively, build and nurture strong relationships with people, be visionary and creative, establish, maintain, and model high standards of performance, and be intelligent and competent.
true
Learning movement skills is more likely to occur when they are taught in developmentally appropriate ways.
true
Many corporate fitness centers provide individually prescribed exercise programs, health appraisals, and stress management workshops.
true
Many of the beneficial effects of exercise training from both endurance and resistance activities diminish within two weeks if physical activity is substantially reduced, and benefits disappear within two to eight months if physical activity is not resumed.
true
Movement education focuses on the developmental readiness of a child to learn through problem solving and guided discovery.
true
National championships exist in some youth sports.
true
Naturalism, according to Rousseau, stressed that each child possesses a unique readiness to learn.
true
No required national certification program exists for coaches.
true
Participation in regular physical activity boosts a person's energy level.
true
Physical activity can serve as a preventive measure for both disease and degeneration for senior citizens.
true
Physical therapists are governed by a code of ethics.
true
Physical therapists must be licensed in the state in which they practice.
true
Physical therapy is the treatment of physical injury or dysfunction using therapeutic exercises and modalities with the goal of restoring normal function.
true
Physical therapy requires an understanding of the anatomical and physiological bases of human movement.
true
Planning and promoting special events for National Employee Health and Fitness Day in May is an example of public relations.
true
Play days were alternative types of physical activities advocated for females in colleges as an alternative to intercollegiate athletics in the 1920s-1950s.
true
Principles are universal rules of conduct that identify what kinds of actions, intentions, and motives are valued.
true
Professional organizations publish journals to disseminate research findings and information that can enhance the learning of individuals in the field.
true
School physical education programs have unique and important contributions to make to the learning of students.
true
Setting goals helps people articulate their determination to achieve future expectations.
true
Sport as entertainment continues to grow in popularity at all competitive levels with winning and associated commercialization emphasized even more.
true
Sport management degrees provide important preparation for administering golf courses, bowling lanes, gymnastics schools, tennis camps, and swimming centers.
true
Sport opportunities are limited for individuals from lower socio-economic levels, who are disproportionately from ethnic minority groups, due to the cost of equipment, lack of access to specialized facilities, and expense of lessons or coaching.
true
Sportsmanship, discipline, self-confidence, and stress management are desirable affective outcomes of physical education, exercise science, and sport programs.
true
State Games provide a variety of sports opportunities for individuals of all ages.
true
Students should begin developing and maintaining a resume prior to graduation.
true
Swedish gymnastics emphasized posture correction through rigidly-held positions and movements on command.
true
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires the development of an Individualized Education Program for every child with special needs, including specifically for physical education.
true
The National Collegiate Athletic Association and the United States Olympic Committee use drug testing to deter the use of banned substances that could provide an unfair advantage to the athletes taking them.
true
The best academic preparation for a student majoring in sport management includes management foundations, sports applications, and an internship or work experience within the field.
true
The number and percentage of individuals in the United States with obesity is increasing annually.
true
The opportunity to be responsible for other people and their performance could be a factor contributing to career choice.
true
The purpose of the 1889 Boston Conference on Physical Training was to promote Swedish gymnastics, but more importantly it provided exposure to the alternative physical education programs or gymnastics systems popular at the time.
true
The use of technological advances and pharmacological products are used by athletes of all ages to enhance their skills and performances.
true
The win-at-all-costs attitude so pervasive in youth sports can be attributed mostly to adults.
true
There is a significant amount of rule-breaking behavior in recruiting in intercollegiate athletics.
true
Youth sport programs provide opportunities for individuals to develop their officiating abilities.
true
What is the principle of training that is defined changing equipment, exercises, and activities to avoid boredom, reduce risk of overuse injuries, and increase motivation or adherence?
variety
For which of the following could you volunteer so that you could gain experience for a career in a related field?
youth sport coach
Which of the following is not a valuable aspect of career preparation for a physical education teacher in a school?
All of the above;
Which of the following would not be a benefit of interviewing a person who is currently working in the career that interests you?
All of the above;
Which of these does not emphasize the importance of obtaining a specialized certification?
All of the above;
Which of the following could be used as a rationalization or justification for behaving unethically?
All of the above; Argue that while a rule was violated, the situation along with the amount of good accomplished overshadowed the small amount of harm; that is, the end justifies the means, State that the action is not unethical since the action harmed no one or no foul was called or penalty assessed, Try to make it seem that the unethical action is really ethical, such as by claiming there is no rule against it, no one will ever know, or everyone else does it.
Which of the following questions might be important to ask about a prospective career?
All of the above; What are the prior experiences required?,
Which of the following would not be an outcome of completing an internship?
Always results in a full-time job with the same organization
Which organization in the United States historically dominated the United States Olympic Committee through its control of international competition in several sports?
Amateur Athletic Union
Which organization largely controlled amateur sports outside the colleges in the United States during the 1900s?
Amateur Athletic Union
Members of this association facilitate research associated with physical activity, athletic training, and exercise physiology.
American College of Sports Medicine
What organization offers Certified Personal Trainer, Clinical Exercise Specialist, Health and Fitness Instructor, and Registered Clinical Exercise Physiologist certification programs?
American College of Sports Medicine
Members of this association certify aerobics instructors and personal trainers.
American Council on Exercise
Which of the following organizations does not govern any aspect of intercollegiate athletics today?
Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women
Upper-class boys in this civilization were educated at two schools that stressed the importance of all-around development.
Athens
Which of the following would describe the attitudes of men toward physical activities during the Roman Republic?
Being a citizen-soldier.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an academic discipline?
Body of scholarly knowledge
Which of these following is a benefit of flexibility?
Both A and D (Enhances circulation of the blood and healing of muscular injuries
Where were upper-class Athenian boys educated during the early era of time?
Both A and D;
Which of the following was a requirement for participation in the ancient Olympic Games?
Both B and C
Which of these is a challenge facing professionals in recreation and leisure services?
Both B and C
Which of the following has been a contributing factor to the lack of proper preparation of some interscholastic coaches?
Both B and D
What certification is offered by the National Strength and Conditioning Association?
Both B and D;
Which of the following must an athletic trainer complete in order to obtain certification?
Both C and D
Repetitiveness of a task, role conflict, or the lack of potential for advancement contribute to.
Career burnout
Which of the following were popular activities for the Romans during the Empire?
Chariot races, gladiatorial contests, and going to the thermae
Which of the following was not a skill learned by squires during the medieval period?
Charioteering
Which of the following is not a basic movement principle of movement education?
Children should model their teachers' movements
Who initially stated the physical education objectives of organic, psychomotor, character, and intellectual development?
Clark Hetherington
Which of the objectives for physical education, exercise science, and sport includes the evaluation, application, synthesis, analysis, comprehension, and acquisition of knowledge?
Cognitive
What was the purpose of the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women?
Conduct national tournaments
A twentieth-century philosophy that centers on individual existence and advocates that truth and values are arrived at by each person's experiences.
Existentialism
In which of these philosophies does the individual determine the subject matter and the learning method?
Existentialism
Which of these philosophies focuses on individualized activities in physical education and sport encourage creativity and self-awareness and personal responsibility for learning?
Existentialism
Moral knowing is the most important step in the moral reasoning process.
False
Once you have formulated your personal philosophy, it will remain the same throughout your career.
False
The moral reasoning of interscholastic athletes is more consistent, impartial, and reflective than is that of non-athletes.
False
In designing and implementing a fitness program, what are the four most important principles to implement?
Frequency, intensity, time, and type
Which of the following should be the optimal curriculum for an elementary school physical education program?
Fundamental movement and sport skills
In which European nation did school gymnastics begin with these characteristics: exercise hall required; trained instructors; one class period per day; grades given; adapted to age levels; and for boys and girls?
Germany
The sporting heritage in the United States came primarily from which country?
Great Britain
Which of the following institutions offered teachers an outstanding advanced curriculum and faculty, making a certificate from it highly prestigious?
Harvard Summer School
What was the purpose of the original Olympic Games?
Honor Zeus
Which of these philosophies advocates that ideals, values, and truths are universal and eternal and remain the same regardless of how the interpretations of individuals may vary?
Idealism
Which of these philosophies states that the development of the total person is important, but if there is a conflict development of the mind and the body, the mind must take precedence?
Idealism
Members of this association oversee interscholastic sports.
National Federation of State High School Associations
Members of this association offer recreation programs for the general public.
National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association
Members of this association organize college recreational programs.
National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association
What was the theme of Johann Basedow's program of physical education at the Philanthropinum?
Naturalism
Which of the following is an accurate rationale for why daily physical education should not be required for all school children?
None of the above is an accurate statement.
Which of the following was a characteristic of the funeral games of the Homeric era?
Only warriors competed
Which of the following objectives did Charles McCloy believe to be the most important?
Organic fitness
Who was the founder of Swedish gymnastics and the director the Royal Gymnastics Central Institute?
Per Henrik Ling
Which of the following provides an educational approach to fitness that can help motivate students to be more physically active?
Physical Best
Which of the following described the British Amateur Sport Ideal in the 1800s?
Play the game for the game's sake.
Which of these philosophies stresses the importance of developing social skills and education for social efficiency?
Pragmatism
Which of the following criteria is not essential for a field of study or work to be classified as a profession?
Professionals must hold graduate degrees
What term or phrase describes the influence of European religions on attitudes toward play in the United States beginning in the colonial time and continuing until today?
Protestant work ethic
What directly led to the establishment of the President's Council on Youth Fitness?
Publication of the results of the Kraus-Weber Minimal Muscular Fitness Test
The philosophy based on the laws and order of the world as revealed by science independent from human experience.
Realism
Which of these philosophies states that knowledge originates in the physical world but emerges through experimentation?
Realism
Which of these philosophies uses the scientific method when seeking truth?
Realism
During this period there was a rebirth of and an eagerness for learning.
Renaissance
What role did the government in Sparta play in the physical development of boys?
Required that boys train to become soldiers beginning at age 7 in the public barracks
German Turner gymnastics were first introduced in the United States in which of these institutions?
Round Hill School
Which of the following should be the optimal curriculum for a middle school physical education program?
Skill development in team sports and social skills
Concerning girls and women in sport, which of the following is true?
Societal attitudes still impede full acceptance of female athletes.
Which of the following provides competitive opportunities specifically individuals who are developmental delayed mentally?
Special Olympics
In which of the exercise and sport sciences do specialists study achievement motivation, arousal, attribution, and personality development?
Sport and exercise psychology
A person in this exercise and sport science would study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports.
Sport philosophy
Which type of program was taught at the Boston Normal School of Gymnastics?
Swedish gymnastics.
Which of the following was a characteristic of public school sports in Great Britain in the 1800s?
The boys were sport generalists rather than specialists in certain sports.
Which of the following is a contributing factor to the role conflict for physical education teachers who are also coaches?
There are conflicts between the time and energy demands to successfully fulfill teaching and coaching responsibilities.
Why did physical educators in the 1920s favor and support interscholastic athletics while opposing competition for elementary-aged children?
They believed that adolescents were developmentally ready for sports competitions, whereas elementary school aged children were not
Who wrote The New Physical Education, which provided the philosophical foundation for school programs in the twentieth century?
Thomas Wood and Rosalind Cassidy
Which of the following federal laws does not provide for the rights of persons with special needs?
Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments
What was one reason why German gymnastics did not become the basis for the system of physical education in the United States?
Too much emphasis on strength development
Allowing or disallowing an athlete to dispute an official's call is an ethical choice by the coach.
True
Claiming there is no rule against an unethical behavior, no one will ever know about the unethical behavior, or everyone else does the unethical behavior are rationalizations for trying to make this unethical behavior seem to be ethical.
True
Developing a personal philosophy is important in gaining insights into your behaviors, beliefs, and values.
True
Personal experiences are important as foundations for developing personal philosophies.
True
Johann GutsMuths at Schnepfenthal Institute taught all except which of these activities?
Turner gymnastics
Which of the following is not descriptive of the Greek Ideal?
Winning the pancratium
According to the Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health, when do the beneficial effects of exercise training begin to diminish?
Within two weeks
Expecting students to demonstrate good sportsmanship during class activities is an example of which type of physical education objective?
affective
Which of the following is a characteristic of skill-related physical fitness?
balance
What was Catharine Beecher's physical activity program that was described as a course of exercises designed to promote health, beauty, and strength?
calisthenics
What series of activities engaged in by the knights led to the influence of the Greek culture on Europe (led to the Renaissance)?
crusades
What was the purpose of the educational program for boys in Early Athens?
develop the all around man
In which of the following specializations would a student prepare for a career in corporate fitness?
exercise physiology
Monitoring of oxygen uptake and exhalation of carbon dioxide, measuring heart rate and function, and analyzing the chemical activities of the body during exercise are examples of research in this exercise and sport science.
exercise physiology
Which of the exercise and sport sciences is the study of the causes and consequences of bodily functioning and changes occurring due to physical activity?
exercise physiology
Which of the following would not be a responsibility of a director of sport marketing?
facility management
A Master of Education degree is required for a teacher to be licensed to teach.
false
A bachelor's degree in physical education, recreation, sport manager, or exercise science is required to become an instructor in outdoor education.
false
A major difference between interscholastic sports and intercollegiate athletics is that college athletes must meet minimal academic standards, while high school athletes do not have to meet minimal academic standards.
false
A personal trainer and a strength coach is the same career choice.
false
A sport manager may use computer-enhanced images to analyze and improve the performance of sport skills.
false
A sport philosopher studies the optimal frequency, intensity, and duration of an effective conditioning program.
false
Admission requirements to graduate schools are standardized nationally.
false
All high school coaches must have degrees in physical education.
false
All master's degree programs in physical education require specialization and a thesis or an internship.
false
Americans' love for sports began with the development of intercollegiate athletics.
false
An academic discipline by definition must practically apply its body of knowledge.
false
Because athletic programs at large universities have become businesses, coaches increasingly have earned master's degrees in sport management.
false
Because excess weight can easily be gained, it is equally easy to lose excess weight.
false
Calisthenics is a progressive, precise execution of movements on command for 11 body parts.
false
Career opportunities in the exercise and sport science are limited.
false
Children with special needs should be excused from school physical education classes.
false
Coaches and parents typically reward effort more than outcome in youth sport programs.
false
College coaches must have earned at least a master's degree.
false
College faculties initially organized men's intercollegiate athletics in the United States.
false
College faculties initially organized men's intercollegiate athletics.
false
College women in the United States initially established, funded, coached, and promoted sport competitions between colleges.
false
Daily physical education is currently required for all students in kindergarten through the twelfth grade throughout the United States.
false
Danish gymnastics were based on the principles of naturalism and individualized programs.
false
Dudley Sargent called the initial meeting that led to the establishment of the Association for the Advancement of Physical Education.
false
Due to physical limitations, older adults should not engage in highly competitive sports or vigorous physical activities.
false
During the Middle Ages, females trained physically so they could bear healthy children.
false
Exercise and science curricula use technologies such as heart rate monitors, exergames, and non-traditional activities and sports to more actively engage students and enhance their learning.
false
Football was the first men's intercollegiate event.
false
Football was the most popular sport sponsored by the Public Schools Athletic League.
false
Graduates of curricular in the exercise and sport sciences find careers almost exclusively in private fitness clubs working with young adults.
false
Holding a physical fitness specialist or personal trainer certificate is a requirement for getting a job in a health, fitness, or sport club.
false
Individuals with chronic medical conditions should avoid physical activity.
false
Interdisciplinary research will characterize the work of physical education teachers because the problems and issues investigated can be more effectively solved and funding is more readily available through collaborations that require shared expertise.
false
It is illegal (violation of state laws) for physical educators to teach classes in the public schools outside their major field.
false
James Naismith designed the symbol of spirit, mind, and body for the Young Men's Christian Association.
false
Jesse Williams and Charles McCloy advocated for the attainment of educational objectives as physical education's primary objective.
false
Jesse Williams developed the health education and physical education programs at Stanford University and Teachers College of Columbia University.
false
Licensure requirements for physical education teachers are the same throughout the United States.
false
Men in the elite athletic clubs established in the United States in the mid to late 1800s competed most often in the sport of football.
false
Methods of practice, such as whole or part and physical or mental, are often studied by the sport sociologist.
false
More teachers desire coaching positions in the schools than there are available teams to coach.
false
Most careers in fitness fields offer lucrative salaries and traditional working hours.
false
Motor development applies only to learning of motor skills by children.
false
Motor learning specialists and sport psychologists are interested in studying how imaging may improve an athlete's performance
false
Muscular strength and muscular endurance mean the same thing.
false
Native Americans borrowed their ball games from European immigrants.
false
Numerous females claim that the National Collegiate Athletic Association's academic eligibility requirements discriminate against them.
false
Obtaining a certification in the content field is a prerequisite to obtaining an internship.
false
Participation in extracurricular activities while in college will not enhance your potential for employment.
false
Personal lifestyle preferences have nothing to do with choosing a career.
false
Physical activity and physical fitness mean the same thing.
false
Physical activity must be vigorous, defined as exercising above the target heart rate zone, in order to be beneficial.
false
Physical activity, while beneficial, does not reduce the risk of hypertension, colon cancer, and diabetes.
false
Physical education and sport professionals cannot teach ethical behaviors.
false
Physical education continues to enjoy wide acceptance as the appropriate identifying term for the various programs and careers that involve movement, play, sport, recreation, athletics, and other forms of physical activity.
false
Physical educators have always taken a leading role in promoting participation in sports and activities in the United States.
false
Practitioners are only interested in the application of knowledge, while disciplinarians are only interested in the creation of new knowledge.
false
Puritan attitudes favored participation in sporting diversions.
false
Research has proven that ethnic minority athletes are bigger, stronger, and generally more highly skilled than are white athletes.
false
School administrators have been the leading supporters for the expansion of school physical education programs.
false
School physical education programs are financed well and a priority in schools because of their unique contributions to the education of the whole child.
false
School physical education programs for all grades should emphasize team sports.
false
School teachers who also coach are paid approximately half of their salaries for teaching and half of their salaries for coaching.
false
Senior citizens and individuals with special needs have equal sporting opportunities in comparison with other groups.
false
Senior citizens should not participate in vigorous activity because of cardiovascular problems, osteoporosis, and arthritis.
false
Serving as a subject in a research study is an example of an internship.
false
Since most individuals continue their participation once they begin to exercise, adherence to physical activity is not an issue.
false
Specialists in nutrition promote scientific inquiry and the application of research findings to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and specific medical conditions.
false
Sport biomechanists use treatment modalities such as ultrasound, whirlpool, and ice massage.
false
Sport historians study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports.
false
Students do not know enough to participate in internships until after they have completed their undergraduate degrees.
false
The Kraus-Weber Minimal Muscular Fitness Test showed American children superior to European children on six fitness items.
false
The National Athletic Trainers' Association Board of Certification must certify anyone who serves as an athletic trainer in a high school.
false
The Olympic Games were ended by the Romans around 400 A.D. because the Romans did not want to lose to the Greeks in these athletic contests.
false
The Women's Division of the National Amateur Athletic Federation beginning in 1923 supported women's participation in international sport competitions including the Olympic Games.
false
The career choice made in college is critically important since seldom does a person change careers during a lifetime.
false
The contribution of Great Britain to physical education programs in the United States was formal gymnastics.
false
The development of moral values is an automatic outcome of competing in sports.
false
The director of a cardiac rehabilitation program must be certified as a personal trainer.
false
The first national tournaments for women's intercollegiate sports were established by the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
false
The greatest challenge facing a personal trainer is designing a safe and effective program.
false
The longer athletes participate in sport, the higher their moral reasoning because they are learning how to play fair and be good sports.
false
The outcome of the "Battle of the Systems" was that Sargent's system became the most popular system in this country in the 1900s.
false
The primary purpose of assessments in schools should be used to provide the data upon which to base grades.
false
Utilitarianism states that moral duties are prescriptive and independent of consequences.
false
Values such as teamwork, cooperation, self-discipline, and sportsmanship are inherent values associated with sport.
false
Women physical educators in the early 1900s favored sport competitions for college women.
false
Work hours for intramural/campus recreation specialists are normally 8 am to 5 pm.
false
What is a combat between armed knights who divided into teams and fought under conditions similar to war?
grand tourney
What is the unity of the man of action and the man of wisdom?
greek ideal
What was the place for physical training for Athenians citizens?
gymnasium
Which of the following was the most important program emphasis for Per Henrik Ling's Swedish gymnastics?
military
According to federal law, which of the following is not required to be included in an Individualized Education Plan?
monthly goals
Which of the exercise and sport sciences would include research into developmentally appropriate physical education for all ages?
motor development
Which of the exercise and sports sciences is described by the maturation and changes in motor behavior throughout life and individuals progressing from unskilled movements to the learning of complex motor patterns?
motor development
Researchers in this exercise and sport science study information processing, types of feedback, and methods of practice.
motor learning
These people practiced yoga, a system of meditation and regulated breathing.
none
Which of the following is a valued outcome of youth sports programs?
none of the above
Which of the following describes the principle of training that is defined as placing increasing amounts of stress on the body to cause adaptations that improve fitness?
overload
In which event in the ancient Olympic Games was the winner the symbol of the all-around athlete?
pentathlon
Which of the following would require a certification or license for employment in this career?
physical therapist
Professionals in this career help individuals rehabilitate from injuries and disabling conditions.
physical therapy
Specialists in this exercise and sport science study the mechanical principles of force application and absorption, leverage, and stability.
sport biomechanics
Individuals in this exercise and sport science use both descriptive and interpretive research.
sport history
Which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of sport marketing, sport finance, and legal aspects of sport?
sport management
For this career, a person needs skills in interviewing, writing, and the willingness to work under the pressure of deadlines?
sports journalism
Who was trained in archery, climbing, fencing, jousting, riding, swimming, wrestling, and courtly manners?
squires
In which system of gymnastics did school children engage in the progressive, precise execution of movements on command?
swedish
A dramatic change in physical activity programs has been the burgeoning interest in the exercise and sport sciences and the proliferation of programs preparing students for careers in non-educational settings.
true
A motor learning specialist examines the relationship of movements to prior knowledge and skills, transfer of learning, types of practice sessions, and feedback and knowledge of results.
true
A need exists for physical education, exercise science, and sport professionals prepared to provide recreational and leisure activities for senior citizens.
true
A normal school was a teacher training institution.
true
A portfolio is individualized so a person can include whatever documents can best describe his or her accomplishments.
true
A student must have completed an entry-level athletic training program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education and pass the Board of Certification exam in order to become certified as an athletic trainer.
true
According to Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments Act, boys and girls can be separated in physical education classes when contact sports are taught.
true
According to federal legislation, equity is required for girls and boys in schools relative to curricular and extracurricular opportunities.
true
According to the American Heart Association, high blood pressure, smoking, high blood cholesterol, and physical inactivity are significant contributors to heart disease.
true
According to the research findings of the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, for most health outcomes, additional benefits occur as the amount of physical activity increases through higher intensity, greater frequency, and/or longer duration.
true
Adhering to high standards as demonstrated through the assessment of student learning is essential for demonstrating the effectiveness of physical education in schools.
true
American youth performed poorly on the first administration of the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test in 1958.
true
An elementary physical education teacher must be licensed to teach.
true
An important criterion for continuation in a job is the level of personal fulfillment and satisfaction.
true
Anthropometrics were used for various purposes and one to the major topics of shared interest among physical educators in the late 1800s.
true
Apathetic students, repetitiveness of teaching, lack of adequate facilities and equipment, violence in schools, and disciplinary issues with students are challenges facing physical educators in schools.
true
Art, music, and literature enjoy numerous synergies and relationships with the exercise and sport sciences.
true
Because dietary factors often affect physical performances, some exercise physiologists conduct research relative to nutritional factors.
true
Because of economic constraints, the pay-for-play philosophy may become a way of financing interscholastic sport programs.
true
Catherine Beecher developed calisthenics for females to promote their health, beauty, and strength.
true
Club sports on college campuses in the United States are modeled after the European approach to sports for young adults inside and outside of college.
true
Continuing education or lifelong learning of new knowledge and skills are beneficial for career advancement.
true
Delphine Hanna emphasized anthropometrics for females at Oberlin College.
true
Dudley Sargent was a leader in anthropometrics, teacher training, and individualized physical education programs.
true
During the Renaissance, the human body as a work of art was again revered.
true
Exercise physiologists investigate the biochemical reactions that supply muscles with energy.
true
Exercise physiologists, sport biomechanists, and athletic trainers may conduct joint research projects concerning ways to prevent the reoccurrence of injuries.
true
Exercise scientists in clinical settings are committed to helping people of all ages learn more about the importance of physical activity to their health and well-being.
true
Fair play means playing within the letter and spirit of the rules.
true
Fringe benefits are non-salary compensations of employment.
true
German gymnastics were first introduced in this country at Round Hill School.
true
Health was a primary goal of Edward Hitchcock's program at Amherst College.
true
Historically in the United States, many opposed competitive sports for females because they believed that competitive sports would be harmful to females physically and emotionally.
true
Increased cognitive involvement in physical education usually leads to a better understanding of the activity and better execution of skills.
true
Individuals with degrees in sport management find jobs in professional and college sports programs, recreation departments, corporate fitness centers, and commercial sports businesses.
true
Intercollegiate athletic conferences were formed to save money, reduce the number of classes missed due to travel distances, match colleges with equal philosophies and sizes, and encourage the development of natural rivalries.
true
Intercollegiate football helped popularize newspapers, while newspapers helped promote intercollegiate football.
true
Interdisciplinary research among exercise and sport scientists has a greater likelihood of being funded by the federal government than does specialized research in only one discipline.
true
Intramural programs can provide opportunities to officiate, schedule, program, and manage personnel.
true
Knowledge of results and feedback are associated with motor learning.
true
One valued outcome of a school physical education program is to help students learn how to achieve and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
true
Opportunities to teach sport skills exist in schools, youth sport programs, public and private health, fitness and sport clubs, and colleges.
true
Per Henrik Ling's gymnastics program influenced Catharine Beecher and Dioclesian Lewis.
true
Professionals in careers in the exercise and sport sciences need to provide quality programs in specialized settings to prove that a higher degree of competence is needed to fulfill the responsibilities of these careers than may currently be the case.
true
Professionals in fitness-related careers are challenged to help those they serve begin and maintain physical activity programs.
true
Professionals in physical education, exercise science, and sport careers are accountable for the quality of their programs as well as responsible for promoting the importance of what they do.
true
Setting realistic goals is an important factor in adherence to a physical activity program.
true
Since work-related stress probably occurs, professionals need to understand stress and learn how to prevent or reduce its effects.
true
Social skills, sales ability, and sports expertise are important credentials for careers in health and fitness clubs.
true
Societal attitudes toward women in the 1800s restricted their sporting opportunities.
true
Some of the immigration of Germans to the United States was a result of the banning of Turner gymnastics in Germany.
true
Swedish gymnastics were popular with females in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
true
The Amateur Athletic Union dominated the selection of athletes who represented the United States in the Olympic Games until the passage of the 1978 Amateur Sports Act.
true
The Graduate Record Exam is a type of a graduate entrance or admissions test.
true
The Greek gods were worshipped as the personifications of the Greek Ideal.
true
The National Collegiate Athletic Association requires at least minimal academic achievement to qualify for intercollegiate competition.
true
The Normal Institute for Physical Education, which was established by Dioclesian Lewis in 1861 in Boston, was the first teacher training school for physical education in the United States.
true
The Ph.D. is more research oriented than is the Ed.D.
true
The President's Council on Youth Fitness was established as an outgrowth of the results of the Kraus-Weber Minimal Muscular Fitness Test.
true
The Sanity Code, which was enacted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in 1948, sought to restrict the recruitment of intercollegiate athletes as well as to eliminate athletic scholarships.
true
The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health recommends that people of all ages, both male and female, should participate in moderate amount (minimum of 30 minutes) of physical activity on most, if not all, days of the week in order to enjoy the associated health benefits.
true
The first step in the research process or scientific method is to ask a research question or state a problem that is measurable.
true
The most common requirement for becoming an interscholastic coach is a teaching license.
true
The naturalist believes that physical well-being can enhance a readiness to learn mental, moral, and social skills.
true
The new physical education focused on play, sports, games, and natural, outdoor activities.
true
Those most likely to participate in fitness activities are upper-income individuals, young adults, males, Caucasians, suburban residents, and the more highly educated.
true
Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments influenced an increase in the number of girls and women in sport competitions in high schools and colleges in the 1980s.
true
Traditionally both physiological and societal factors have contributed to the inequality that many women experienced when seeking to compete in sports.
true
Volunteer activities, such as assisting with Special Olympics or tutoring children, are ways that students can participate in experiences related to their future professions and current majors.
true
Wellness includes the emotional, mental, physical, social, and spiritual factors that lead to an overall state of well-being, quality of life, and ability to contribute to society.
true
Year-round conditioning programs, specializing in one sport, and coaches' jobs depending on winning are problems associated with some interscholastic sport programs.
true
Which of the following provides a report card on the fitness levels of school children?
Activitygram
Which of the following would help eliminate problems associated with youth sports?
All except B
What was the purpose of the chariot races and gladiatorial contests during the Roman Empire?
All of the above
Which of the following is not associated with the potential of role conflict between physical educators and coaches?
All of the above are associated with this potential role conflict.
Which of the following would not be considered an ethical principle?
All of the above are ethical principles; An opponent is not the enemy but a worthy athlete deserving to be treated exactly as everyone would wish to be treated, Fair play means playing within the letter and spirit of the rules, Games are not played to intimidate; the ideal purpose is a mutual quest for excellence through challenge, Sportsmanship requires modesty, humility in victory, praise for the winners, and self-respect in defeat.
Which of the following was not an example of historical discrimination against ethnic minorities in sports in this country?
All of the above are examples of discrimination against ethnic minorities in sports.
Which of the following is not a factor in promoting adherence to exercise programs?
All of the above are important for adherence to exercise programs.
Which of the following could be a possible action that could reduce problems or emphasize benefits in intercollegiate athletics?
All of the above are possible ways to reduce problems or emphasize benefits in intercollegiate athletics.
Which of the following is not a threat to the integrity of intercollegiate sports?
All of the above are potential threats to the integrity of sports.
Which of the following is not related to skill-related physical fitness?
All of the above are related to skill-related physical fitness.
Which of the following is not a symptom of career burnout?
All of the above are symptoms.
Which of these items should not be included in a personal philosophy in a professional portfolio?
All of the above should be included in a professional portfolio; Academic honors received, Description of your personal values and how they relate to your chosen career, Professional certifications earned, Work experiences
Which of the following was not an advocacy position of the Women's Division of the National Amateur Athletic Federation beginning in 1923?
All of the above were advocated by this organization.
Which of the following will not impact recreational and leisure services programs in the future?
All of the above will impact recreational and leisure services programs.
