Federalism Test Unit 3 AP Gov

The decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) reflected new ideas about federalism at the time that can be best characterized by which of the following?

A delegation of power from the federal government to state governments, increasing state and local sovereignty

full faith and credit clause

Constitution's requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state

Theodore Roosevelt

Cooperative Federalism

McCullough v. Maryland

Established national supremacy; established implied powers; use of elastic clause; state unable to tax federal institution

project grants

Federal categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications

category grants

Federal grants that can only be used for specific purposes of state and local spending

supremacy clause

Federal law is supreme over state law

Which of the following constitutional principles best explains why there is variation among states on the use of capital punishment?

Federalism allows states to develop their own policies, and so it explains variation among the states.

Ronald Reagan

Fiscal Federalism

block grants

Money from the national government that states can spend within broad guidelines determined by Washington

Which of the following is the best example of a categorical grant?

Money given to states for special education programs

10th amendment

Powers Reserved to the States

enumerated powers

Powers given to the national government alone

implied powers

Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution

Gibbons v. Ogden

Regulating interstate commerce is a power reserved to the federal government

Which of the following actions by the federal government best illustrates the concept of unfunded mandates?

Requiring states and municipalities to provide certain services for their citizens without providing resources to pay for those services

In McCulloch v. Maryland , the Supreme Court established which of the following principles?

States cannot interfere with or tax the legitimate activities of the federal government.

US v. Lopez

The Court held that Congress had exceeded its commerce clause power by prohibiting guns in a school zone.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in United States v. Lopez (1995) ?

The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 was struck down as unconstitutional because it exceeded the commerce clause.

Of the following, which has been used most to expand the power of the national government?

The commerce clause of the Constitution

Which of the following best defines the constitutional interpretation of federalism?

The federal government and the states have separate but overlapping powers; where these powers conflict the federal government prevails.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) ?

The federal government had the authority to establish a national bank, and Maryland's tax was unconstitutional.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the federal government's role in interstate commerce?

The federal government's role has been greatly expanded through the interpretation of the interstate commerce clause.

Which of the following clauses in the Constitution justifies the "implied powers doctrine" ?

The necessary and proper clause

Concurrent powers have which of the following effects on the United States political system?

They make it possible for the states and the national government to simultaneously exercise influence in the same areas of public policy.

Many scholars argue that categorical grants-in-aid do which of the following?

Weaken the power of state governors and legislators

The Americans with Disabilities Act, which provides protections for the disabled, is an example of

a federal mandate

States and localities have the most discretion in establishing policy when federal funding is derived from

block grants

Giving state governments greater discretion in deciding how to achieve the specific goals of welfare reform is an example of

devolution

In a federal system of government, political power is primarily

divided between the central government and regional governments

Which of the following policies involves more state spending than federal spending?

education

The supremacy clause in the Constitution states that

federal law takes precedence over state law when the laws conflict

The terms "fiscal federalism" and "cooperative federalism" refer to situations in which

federal, state, and local governments work together to complete a project, with the federal government providing much of the project funding

Diversity of public policy throughout the United States is primarily a consequence of

federalism

In contrast to revenue sharing, categorical grants-in-aid provide state and local governments with

funds to administer programs clearly specified by the federal government

formula grants

grants-in-aid in which a formula is used to determine the amount of federal funds a state or local government will receive

The framers of the United States Constitution left decisions on voting eligibility to the

individual states

Franklin Roosevelt (FDR)

layered federalism

Johnson

marble cake federalism

The reserved powers of the state governments can best be described as those powers

not specifically granted to the national government or denied to the states

The congressional power that has been contested most frequently in the federal courts is the power to

regulate interstate commerce

The Americans with Disabilities Act was widely unpopular with governors and mayors because it

required that states and cities pay for federally mandated construction and remodeling

The Tenth Amendment to the Constitution has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to

reserve powers to the states

The most significant trend in federal-state relations during the 1980s was

shifting the responsibilities and costs for many programs to state governments

elastic clause

the part of the Constitution that permits Congress to make any laws "necessary and proper" to carrying out its powers

The clause in the United States Constitution that states that federal law will prevail in the event of a conflict between federal and state law is known as the

the supremacy clause

A prominent example of the process of returning more of the responsibilities of governing from the national level to the state level is

welfare reform