Film Art Chapter 12

Name five French Impressionist film directors

Abel Gance, Louis Delluc, Germaine Dulac, Marcel L'Herbier, Jean Epstein

Who was the spokesperson of Surrealism? He described surrealism as automatic writing.

Andre Breton

While the previous generation saw filmmaking as a commercial craft, how did impressionist filmmakers see cinema as?

Art form

What term describes a pole on which a microphone can be suspended above the scene being filmed and that is used to change the microphone position as the action shifts.

Boom

Who directed "The Cheat"? Film featured complex storyline, chiaroscuro...on its way into developed Hollywood cinema tradition

Cecile B. De Mille

Who made "The Birth of a Nation"? Who made films with relatively complex plots in short time span. He popularized the cross-cutting technique. Set up his camera closer to action.

D.W. Griffith

During the 1930s, what kind of style was used often?

Deep-focus

What two films popularize sound film in America?

Don Juan and The Jazz Singer

Name three Soviet Montage film directors

Dziga Vertov, Lev Kuleshov, Sergei Eisenstein, Dovzhenko

Who took a series of photographs of a running horse by using a series of cameras with glass plate film and fast exposure?

Eadweard Muybridge

What style did the Soviet Montage movement favor?

Editing

Who was one of the first filmmakers to use principles of narrative continuity? He worked for Edison. Made "The Great Train Robbery"

Edwin S. Porter

Name three early influential American directors.

Edwin S. Porter, D.W Griffith, Cecile B. De Mille

Who invented a camera that recorded 12 separate images on the edge of a revolving disc of film on glass? And build the first camera to use a strip of flexible film on paper?

Etienne-Jules Marey

What innovations had been achieved by the early 1890s?

Flexible and transparent film base, a fast exposure time, a mechanism to pull the film through the camera, an intermittent device to stop the camera, and a shutter

Name three German Expressionist film directors

Fritz Lang, F.W. Murnau, Robert Wiene

Name three members of the Brighton School

G.Albert Smith, James Williamson, Cecil Hepworth

Who created celluloid?

George Eastman

Who was the first master of mis-en-scene? An important innovator in editing? He created magical transformations? Made "A Trip to the Moon"

George Melies

What type of film was The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Metropolis, Nosferatu?

German Expressionist Film

What are the principles of classical narrative construction?

Goal-oriented characters, motivated conflict, clarity of time and space and character traits

Name four french new wave directors

Godard, Truffaut, Rivette, Chabrol

What film movement commonly used POV cutting to suggest character's optical impressions? When a character in this type of film got drunk, that experience was rendered in shaky camera movement or slow motion.

Impressionism

Name four surrealist filmmakers

Luis Bunuel, Salvador Dali, Man Ray, Atonin Artaud

What elements did Germany Expressionism focus?

Mental Subjectivity, Psychological narrative

Instead of basing its style on cinematography and editing like French Impressionism, what did German Expressionism depend on?

Mis-en-scene

What term describes filmmakers who favor a common approach to form, style, and theme that is different from the norm? Ex. Soviet Montage, Surrealist, French New Wave

Movement

Did Soviet Montage films always have a single protagonist?

No. Preferred to focus on a social group rather than individual. "The Collective Hero". As a result, cast non-actors

What classified Italian Neorealism

Non actors, documentary style cinematography, real locales, rejected polishes studio production values

Before Hollywood, what was the largest film industry in the world? 1901-1914. It was a French company

Pathe Freres

What made Impressionism unique?

Psychological Narrative, Subjective style, use of cinematography and editing to enter character's mental state

Name 4 Neorealist Filmmakers

Rosselini, Vittorio De Sica, Visconti

What film movement wanted to delve into the hidden currents of the unconscious?

Surrealism

What term describes filmmakers who favor same certain choices over others? An example of this is the American studio cinema.

Tradition

When soviet montage filmmakers chose individuals whose appearance seemed to directly convey the type of character in the role--he represents a type of social class or other group, what was that practice called?

Typage

What made up a French New Wave film?

aimless heroes, discontinuous editing, ambiguous ending, loose causal connections

While Expressionism and Impressionism were committed to storytelling, Surrealism was...

anti-narrative, irrational, discontinuous editing, incoherent, no rhyme or reason

French new wave directors considered American filmmakers like Alfred Hitchcock, Howard Hawks to be...

auteurs

What term describes the small enclosure where cinematographers placed camera to move during the advent of sound?

blimps

What was the aesthetic of French New Wave?

casual look, actual locale, hand-held camera, casual humor,

What were typical Italian neorealist films like?

daily routine, focus on every day life, included scenes that weren't causally motivated, slice-of-life plots, open ended, restrictive narrative

Rather than focusing on psychological narratives, what motivated Soviet Montage film plots?

social forces

Thomas Edison and his assistant W. K. L Dickson created a peep-show machine. What was it called?

the Kinetoscope