(FINAL) CH5: Integumentary System

Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?

Squamous cell carcinoma

Which of the following statements best describes what fingernails actually are?

Fingernails are a modification of the epidermis.

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is ________.

99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes ________.

Accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer

A summertime golden bronze tan may not be a tan at all; especially if the skin appears almost metallic bronze, it may be the result of ________ disease.

Addison's

Which muscles attached to the hair follicles cause goose bumps?

Arrector pili

Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

By using the "rule of nines"

What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?

Catastrophic fluid loss

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because ________.

Eyebrow follicles are only active for a few months

The dermis ________.

Has two layers

In addition to protection (physical and chemical barrier), the skin serves other functions. Which of the following is another vital function of the skin?

It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to calcium metabolism.

Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?

Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.

The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?

Macrophages called epidermal dendritic cells

Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to ________.

Male hormones

Which of the following is a skin sensory receptor for touch?

Meissner's corpuscle

________ are pigment-producing cells in the epidermis.

Melanocytes

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.

What are the most important factors influencing hair growth?

Nutrition and hormones

Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen.

Acne is a disorder associated with ________.

Sebaceous glands

The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.

The major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber

Changes in the color of skin are often an indication of a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following changes would suggest that a patient is suffering from Addison's disease?

The skin takes on a bronze or metallic appearance.

The design of a person's epidermal ridges is determined by the manner in which the papillae rest upon the dermal ridges to produce the specific pattern known as handprints, footprints, and fingerprints. Which of the following statements is true regarding these prints or ridges?

They are genetically determined, therefore unique to each person.

The layer of the epidermis immediately under the stratum lucidum in thick skin is the stratum ________.

granulosum