Final Chapters

In Simonton's model of age and creative productivity, which factor primarily predicts whether an older individual will become a "late bloomer"?

career age

According to the _____________, parents tend to give more support to their adult children who need the most help.

contingency theory

Work that allows an individual to feel a higher sense of self-esteem and inner directedness contributes to which psychological quality?

core self-evaluation

The work-family conflict model predicts that workers who are stressed by demands of work and family roles may show what effects while on the job?

counterproductive work behaviors.

The artist Pablo Picasso produced great works of art until just before his death at the age of 91, suggesting that he was high in:

creative potential

Unlike the Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging, the WHO active ageing model takes into account:

cultural attitudes toward aging.

Research on the neuroscience of creativity in older adults suggests that the _____________ is involved in supporting creative thought.

default brain network

The situation in families when parents and their adult children no longer want to be with each other and, in fact, no longer value the relationship is known as a(n):

developmental schism.

A woman felt that her relationship with her partner took a turn for the worse when, after having their first child, she had to take on more of the "feminine" household tasks. This is an example of _____________, a factor that can contribute to reduced marital satisfaction among women in the transition to parenthood.

doing gender

People who are high in successful cognitive aging have been shown to have greater ability in which component of memory?

encoding speed

Throwing out a number of ideas to see which will prove most useful, known as the "blind variation and selective retention" theory, is more simply known as the:

equal odds rule.

In ____________________, clinicians plan interventions with older adults that take into account such factors as available research, the individual's cultural background, and specific diagnosis.

evidence-based practice

An older adult client is being seen in a clinic to evaluate whether she has depression or a neurocognitive disorder. One indication that will help a clinician in making the diagnosis is that if she is depressed, she will show which behavioral tendencies?

exaggerate the extent of her memory loss

Research suggests that combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with ____________ can be helpful in treating older adults with fear of falling.

exercise

People who have the anxiety disorder known as agoraphobia fear what type of situation?

having a panic attack without being able to escape.

One of the key symptoms of LOSS, as shown particularly in older veterans, is the experience of:

increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience.

The suicide rate is highest for which segment of the U.S. population?

men 65 and older

Research on "helicopter parents" among young adults and their parents indicates that adult children who receive "intense" support from their parents report feeling:

more likely to have high feelings of life satisfaction.

The personality trait of ___________, characteristic of people with antisocial personality disorder, tends to remain stable over the course of adulthood

psychopathy

Research on evidence-based treatments for older adults suggests that the most effective approach should involve, as a first step:

psychotherapy alone.

The Mini-Mental State Examination for assessing older adults involves questions that include:

remembering three words.

In which type of setting are professionals concerned about high rates of alcohol abuse by older adults?

retirement community

The Strong Vocational Interest Inventory (SVII) can help identify a worker's RIASEC type by assessing their:

top interests

In 2019, what was the average monthly benefit for an individual receiving Social Security?

$1461

In the U.S., there are approximately ______ million widowed adults, most of whom are 65 and older.

14

The World Health Organization is advocating for which global age-related movement?

Age Friendly Environment

People who want to become mathematicians, in the RIASEC model, would be high on which of the six types?

Investigative

Higher density of __________ in the brain is known to be associated with successful cognitive aging.

white matter

The estimated 12-month prevalence of anxiety disorders in older adults is:

17.2

The smallest percentage of unemployed veterans is in which age group?

18-24

Among 18-25 year olds, approximately ____% of the population used illicit drugs in the U.S. as of 2018.

34.3

How many people (in millions) were receiving Social Security benefits in 2019?

46.4

Approximately ______% of men and women who have extramarital affairs become divorced.

50

Research on friendship patterns in adults in the U.S. show that approximately ______% have known their best friends for at least 10 years.

65

Research on the so-called "empty nest syndrome" showed that feelings of unhappiness following the children's leaving the home were most prominent among parents of which ethnicity?

Indo/East Indian

A 77-year-old woman's apartment was destroyed in a fire started by a neighbor's candle. In the 3 weeks since the fire, she remained on the alert for anything that could cause a fire but her nightmares about the fire have since ended. Her symptoms would suggest that she experienced which type of disorder?

acute stress

Which of the following anxiety disorders shows the highest prevalence in adults 65 and older?

agoraphobia

The highest marital satisfaction, according to the similarity hypothesis, occurs when couples:

are very much alike in their personalities.

In cognitive-behavioral therapy, the "cognitive" component involves teaching clients to:

be aware of and try to change negative self-thoughts.

The role of grandparenting to aging individuals is shown by researchers to:

be important to their mental health.

A study of Canadian parents showed that the greatest difficulty in adapting to the empty nest was experienced by parents who:

believe that the world is a dangerous and threatening place.

Approximately ___% of older adults in a national survey of happiness reported feeling that others didn't need them.

9

Which of the following behaviors by an employer in screening job applicants would be an example of violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)?

Asking for year of high school graduation.

A woman because a widow 20 years ago and has not remarried. Compared to other women her age who are currently married, Anne is likely to engage in which types of health-related behaviors?

Engaging in less physical activity.

Of the following, which race and sex group is MOST likely to be married and living with a spouse?

Non-hispanic White men 65-74

Which of Shakespeare's plays, the last composed in his life, is said to involve "a private world of the imagination"?

The Tempest

A physician's assistant in a group medical practice joins a local professional organization of physician's assistants in order to share ideas and make connections with people in the area working in the same occupation. The joining of the professional organization represents which idea in vocational development?

boundaryless career

A former software engineer retires from a job at a high-tech firm and soon after, takes a position as a substitute high school math teacher. The engineer is showing which late-life work pattern?

bridge employment

In a study of scientists originally investigated in college, the quality of ____________ was shown to predict the number of notable publications late in life.

cognitive flexibility

One of the chief goals of the World Health Organization's Age Friendly Environment initiative is to:

combat ageism.

According to statistics from Canadian crime reports, criminal acts involving _________have much higher prevalence rates in young adulthood, after which there is a sharp drop-off.

common assaults

Older adults who buy products aimed at helping them look younger, without questioning whether they really need those products are more subject to ageism, according to the _________ model.

communicative ecology

The communicative ecology model of successful aging (CEMSA) proposes that those older adults who age successfully avoid:

temptations to buy anti-aging products.

A 40-year-old man was disappointed that his family reunion was spoiled when the older relatives clashed with the younger relatives about the upcoming presidential election. No matter what he did, it was impossible for him to get each side to see the other's point. According to the Intergenerational Solidarity Model, the generations would have low scores on the ____________ dimension.

consensual

A career counselor working with a client seeking to change occupations uses Holland's RIASEC model to determine that the client would feel most satisfied in a career as an accountant. This suggests that the client is high on which of the RIASEC types?

conventional

Both a financial analyst and an accountant would be considered to occupy jobs with the ___________ designation, according to the RIASEC model.

conventional

According to the age and job performance "scorecard," which factor contributes to decline among older workers?

experiencing age bias

Research on adapting to divorce shows that the least frequent negative emotions are experienced by people who:

feel they've gained independence.

The daughter of a retired office worker begins to get suspicious when her mother says that the Internal Revenue Service called, demanding payment of $10,000 for back taxes. It is likely that the call was an attempt at:

financial abuse.

You're visiting a museum showing a special collection of the works of Rembrandt. Which features of his work would lead you to guess which of his paintings came from late in his life?

greater freedom in the paint strokes

According to research on self-determination theory, workers who experience high extrinsic motivation are likely to show which set of job behaviors?

greater quantity of work.

Siblings in later life who exchange more help, according to research on a Netherlands sample, are likely to have had parents who:

had poor relationships with all their children.

A psychologist who specializes in treatment of older adults finds it at times frustrating to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) in working with these patients because it:

has very little information specifically on aging.

The sibling relationship in later adulthood is unique because siblings typically:

have known each other longer than anyone else in their lives.

Older adults who have depressive symptoms and diabetes have higher mortality rates due to increased ______________ responses associated with C-reactive protein.

inflammatory

According to life course theory of retirement, retirees would be best able to adapt to this status by viewing it as a(n):

normative life event.

The greatest degree of filial _________is likely to be experienced by Asian American families.

obligation

In which category of occupations is there the lowest gender gap?

office and administrative support

According to the _____________________, it is surprising that older adults are able to maintain high levels of well-being than would be suggested by their actual situations in life.

paradox of well-being

Your friends from the gym, who you only see when you work out or go to a group fitness class, are known as which type of friends?

peripheral ties

According to blind variation and selective retention theory (BVSR), the most successful creative people are the ones who:

produce the most.

Researcher on career development suggest that companies take which strategy to help keep workers in a plateau stay as motivated as possible?

provide mentoring opportunities

Of the following, which of the following occupations would be considered an example of an Enterprising type, in the RIASEC model?

salesperson

Super's theory of vocational development assumes that people strive to express their __________ in their vocation.

self-concept

One of the known risks of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for older adults is that it can cause:

short-term memory loss.

Holland's vocational development theory describes the RIASEC model, which stands for the:

six factors that make up the model.

An older adult who is living on a tight income and has to economize on the essentials of daily living should, according to the _______________, also have low levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

social indicator model

According to __________________ theory, members of a couple in a long-term relationship should prefer to spend time with each other rather than people they don't know very well.

socioemotional selectivity

Critics of the Rowe and Kahn model of successful aging note that it fails to take into account:

subjective well-being.

Individuals over the age of 80 with cognitive performance comparable to or better than middle-aged adults are known as:

superagers