Final Community NCLEX questiosn
Randomized controlled trials are often inappropriate for evaluating many public health interventions. The most common approach to establishing evidence in public health is the use of: A) Blinded studies. B) Case-control studies. C) Expert opinion. D) Research synthesis.
B
Medicare part A covers: A. Doctors visits B. Hospital care C. Nursing home care D. Prescription drugs
B
1. A nurse wants to have a better understanding of the physiological effects of selected chemicals. Which of the following individuals would provide the most useful information to the nurse? a. Chemist b. Epidemiologist c. Pharmacologist d. Toxicologist
d
143. To determine the possible sources of sexually transmitted infections, which is the BEST method that may be undertaken by the public health nurse? A. Contact tracing B. Community survey C. Mass screening tests D. Interview suspects
A
3. In addition to those barriers faced by many residents in rural areas, what additional barrier to health care is a Hispanic migrant farmworker likely to encounter? a. Absence of culturally competent care b. Availability of specialists c. Distance of health care facilities from the place of residence d. High cost of health care
A
33. An indicator of success in community organizing is when people are able to: A. Participate in community activities for the solution of a community problem B. Implement activities for the solution of the community problem C. Plan activities for the solution of the community problem D. Identify the health problem as a common concern
A
35. Isolation of a child with measles belongs to what level of prevention? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Intermediate D. Tertiary
A
4. From whom is a rural resident with asthma most likely to receive health care services? a. Advanced nurse practitioner b. Allergist c. Pediatrician d. Pulmonologist
A
7. A Mexican immigrant mother tells the nurse she is concerned that people in the community will give her daughter mal de ojo. To what folk illness is he mother referring? a. Evil eye b. Fallen fontanel c. Soul loss d. Indigestion
A
8. What assistance might be available to a migrant farm family if the father becomes injured? a. Emergency department for immediate care b. Migrant Health Act clinics c. OSHA, since the man was injured by farm machinery d. Workers' Compensation, since injury was at work
A
A city has announced its plans to build a city dump near a community of poor and predominantly African-American citizens. Which of the following principles would the nurse be using when vocalizing opposition for this plan? a. Environmental justice b. Equal rights c. Primary prevention d. Risk protection
A
A newly hired nurse occupational health nurse at an industrial facility performing an initial workplace assessment. Which of the following should the nurse determine when conducting a work site survey? A. Work practices of employees B. Past exposure to specific agents C. Past jobs of individual employees D. Length of time working in current role
A
A nurse at an urban community health agency is developing an education program for city leaders about homelessness. Which of the following should the nurse include as the fastest-growing segment of the homeless population? A. Families with children B. Adolescent runaways C. Intimate partner abuse victims D. Older adults
A
A nurse developing a community health program is determining barriers to community resource referrals. Which of the following is an example of a resource barrier? A. Costs associated with services B. Decreased motivation C. Inadequate knowledge of resources D. Lack of transportation
A
A nurse exclaims proudly to other nurses at the agency, "The care I provide is the same for everyone. I treat everyone the same." In fact, this nurse is demonstrating what inhibitor to developing cultural competence? a. Cultural blindness b. Cultural competence c. Cultural conflict d. Culture shock
A
A nurse is conducting a community assessment. Which of the following data collection methods is the nurse using when having direct conversations with individual members of the community? A. Key informant interviews B. Participant observation C. Focus groups D. Health surveys
A
A nurse is using the I PREPARE mnemonic to assess a client's potential environmental exposures. Which of the following is an appropriate question for the nurse to ask to assess for "A" in the mnemonic? A. "What do you like to do for fun?" B. "What year was your residence built?" C. "What jobs have you had in the past?" D. "What industries are near where you live?"
A
A nurse who speaks only English has just gotten a new client for an intake interview. The client is a refugee who has very limited English proficiency (LEP). The nurse should: a. get an interpreter. b. see whether another nurse, more comfortable with refugees, will work with the client. c. see what helpful information is on the Internet. d. try to communicate with hand gestures.
A
A rural community health nurse has made sure that male and female lay advisors are involved in the health department's migrant worker outreach program. The nurse believes this intervention strategy is important because the nurse knows that such individuals can be: A) People who are influential in approving or vetoing new ideas. B) Medical professionals within the migrant community. C) Natural healers within their community. D) Translators to help overcome language barriers.
A
Nurses in community health who understand the basis of their own behaviors and how those behaviors help or hinder the delivery of competent care to persons from cultures other than their own are demonstrating the cultural competence development process construct of: a. cultural awareness. b. cultural desire. c. cultural encounter. d. cultural skill.
A
Although the definitions of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the literature vary widely, their common thread across all health care disciplines is: A) Application of the best available evidence to improve practice. B) Definition of what counts as evidence. C) Reliance on principles of pathophysiology. D) Method of transforming research into practice.
A
An educational offering about wearing seat belts is presented in the community. This is an example of: A) primary prevention. B) secondary prevention. C) tertiary prevention. D) health maintenance.
A
Public health nurses are challenged to respond to public health-related trends of the twenty-first century, which include: A) Racial, ethnic, and economic health disparities; rise of drug-resistant pathogens; unequal access to health care; and violence. B) Violence, availability of health care for all, and increasing life expectancy. C) Health disparities, access issues, and adequate mental health program funding. D) Rise of drug-resistant organisms, increased life expectancy, societal violence, and more effective disease surveillance.
A
The clients most at risk of reactivation of latent infections of tuberculosis (TB) are: A) Immunocompromised persons, substance abusers, and those with diabetes. B) Individuals previously treated for TB. C) Long-term cigarette smokers. D) Persons with new-onset asthma or emphysema.
A
The community practice nurse is preparing to initiate a community partnership with a neighborhood watch association to address teenager street vandalism. The nurse is evaluating the community health dimension of process and seeks to determine the community's: A) Commitment to prioritizing and solving health problems. B) Crime rate and school absenteeism rate. C) Educational level. D) Local client-to-provider ratio.
A
What is the role of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in disease investigation? A) Send teams to the location of a disease outbreak to assist local authorities. B) Publish summaries submitted by the local health department. C) Supervise research of disease worldwide. D) Coordinate immunizations worldwide.
A
When a nurse evaluates the completeness and accuracy of information made available to community residents regarding the impact of rezoning of land parcels for industrial use, the nurse can best be described as: A) Advocating for ethical choices. B) Communicating risk. C) Controlling environmental damage. D) Volunteering for service on state boards.
A
When a situation exists in which there is potential contact with blood or body fluids, health care workers must always perform hand hygiene and wear gloves, masks, protective clothing, and other indicated personal protective barriers. The underlying reason for requiring these practices, known as universal precautions, is that: A) Blood and body fluids of all clients need to be handled as if they were infected. B) Effective infection control surveillance programs are in place. C) Health care settings are reservoirs of infection. D) Health care workers do not effectively use hand hygiene.
A
A nurse manager at a community agency is developing an orientation program for newly hired nurses. When discussing the differences between community-based and community-oriented nursing, which of these are community-based nursing? Select all that apply A. A home health nurse performing wound care for a client who is immobile. B. An occupational health nurse providing classes on body mechanics at a local industrial plant. C. A school nurse teaching a student who has asthma about medications D. A parish nurse teaching a class on low-sodium cooking techniques. E. A mental health nurse discussing stress management techniques with a support group.
A/C
Medicare part B covers: (Select all that apply) A. Doctor's visits B. Nursing home care C. Flu Shot D. Prescription drugs E. Routine vision
A/C
A client diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection states, "I'm not concerned, I know the warts disappear after a while." The nurse should counsel the client regarding which of the following? Select all that apply. A) Link between HPV and cervical cancer. B) Status of HPV infection as a reportable disease. C) Need to eliminate the warts. D) Serious complications of HPV infection for men. E) Lack of cure for HPV infection.
A/C/E
The epidemiological triangle includes (select all that apply): A) person. B) causative agent. C) environment. D) underlying factors, disease, and symptoms.Incorrect E) environment, nursing, and person.Incorrect F) causative agent, disease, and treatment.Incorrect
ABC
10. What condition of the rural environment provides increased opportunities for teaching? a. Because people primarily work on family farms, they visit neighbors more often. b. Involvement in rural community activities provides more contact with community residents than in urban areas. c. Nursing responsibilities include activities of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. d. The increased illnesses and injuries of rural residents require that they see nurses more often.
B
6. What behavior would most likely lead to a positive interaction for the nurse working with Mexican immigrants? a. Avoiding touching the client except when necessary as part of the physical examination b. Calling the client by name, socializing before addressing the problem, and being very respectful c. Keeping all interactions direct, to the point, and targeted on the reason for presentation d. Maintaining a nonconfrontational relationship by avoiding any disagreement even if the nurse does disagree with what the client is saying
B
A nurse is completing a needs assessment and beginning analysis of data. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Determine health patterns within collected data. B. Compile collected data into a database. C. Ensure data collection is complete. D. Identify health needs of the local community.
B
A client comes to the local clinic with acute symptoms of fever, nausea, lack of appetite, malaise, and abdominal discomfort. During the course of the assessment, the nurse determines that the client is a health care aide working at a daycare center. These facts are important because: A) Acute hepatitis B is self-limiting. B) Hepatitis A outbreaks commonly occur in facilities where staff change diapers. C) Hepatitis C is a "silent stalker." D) Individuals with chronic liver disease are at greater risk for hepatitis A.
B
A community health nurse is determining available and needed supplies in the event of a bioterrorism attack. The nurse should be aware that community members exposed to anthrax will need access to which of the following medications? A. Metronidazole (Flagyl) B. Ciproflaxacin (Cipro) C. Zanamivir (Relenza) D. Fluconazole (Diflucan)
B
A community-oriented nurse introduces a community partnership group to the Healthy People 2020 information access objective to use electronic personal health management tools. This is an example of: A) Meta-analysis of research evidence. B) Primary prevention using evidence-based practice (EBP). C) Secondary prevention using EBP. D) Tertiary prevention using EBP.
B
A nurse is conducting health screenings at a statewide health fair and identifies several clients who require referral to a provider. Which of the following statements by a client indicates a barrier to accessing home health care? A. "I don't drive, and my son is only available to take me places in the mornings." B. "I can't take off during the day and the local after-hours clinic is no longer in operation." C. "Only one doctor in my town is a designated provider by my health maintenance organization." D. "I would like to schedule an appointment with the local doctor in my town who speaks Spanish and English."
B
A nurse is using the problem identification phase of the case management process. To which of the following phases of the nursing process does this correspond? a. Assessment phase b. Diagnosis phase c. Planning phase d. Implementation phase
B
A nurse wants to find information about environmental threats that are present in the community. Which of the following would be the best source of data for the nurse? a. CINAHL b. National Library of Medicine c. State health department d. Closest local library
B
A public health nurse in the local health department assists the community in identifying the health need priorities and the services that can best meet these needs in a cost-effective manner. This is an example of the tertiary prevention public health nursing function of: A) Case finding. B) Case management. C) Collaboration. D) Provision of direct services.
B
A school nurse is planning health promotion and disease prevention activities for the upcoming school year. In which of the following situations is the nurse planning a secondary prevention strategy? A. Placing posters with images of appropriate hand hygiene near restrooms B. Routinely checking students for pediculosis throughout the school year C. Implementing age-appropriate injury prevention programs for each grade level D. Working with a dietician to determine carbohydrate counts for students who have diabetes mellitus
B
Secondary prevention is used when a nurse: A) provides immunizations. B) screens for tuberculosis. C) educates about proper hygiene. D) provides counseling to a client diagnosed with HIV.
B
Community-oriented nurses use evidence-based practice (EBP) most effectively when they: A) Base care on nationally accepted clinical guidelines, informing clients and community groups that the accepted standards of care need to be universally applied. B) Base care on nationally accepted clinical guidelines, involve clients in individual care decisions, and include community input when applying evidence in practice. C) Make client care decisions using the latest nursing research findings. D) Work with physicians to design client care guidelines for community clinics.
B
In an effort to address West Nile virus, a community increased livestock immunization, began a vector control program, and initiated a community campaign to eliminate standing water reservoirs. This best exemplifies communicable disease control through: A) Health education. B) Multisystem approach. C) Improved public health infrastructure. D) Reduction of environmental hazards.
B
Many behaviors place any individual-regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, or other characteristics-at greater risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The nurse should include primary prevention interventions in all client encounters through the discussion of: A) Partner notification. B) Safer sex. C) Standard precautions. D) STD testing.
B
The morbidity rate relates to the: A) life expectancy of an individual. B) incidence of illness in a population. C) cause of death in a population. D) number of people who die from a disease.
B
The primary strategy that a nurse can use to control communicable disease is to provide education about: A) disease reporting. B) proper handwashing C) safe food preparation. D) home safety.
B
When a public health nurse uses evidence-based interventions to evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of population-based services within the community, the nurse is addressing the core public health function of: A) Assessment. B) Assurance. C) Policy development. D) Research.
B
Which of the following best describes the purpose of local health departments making unannounced inspections of local restaurants? a. To enforce local laws and regulations b. To ensure compliance c. To provide exposure to oversight d. To monitor employee safety
B
Which of the following statements about children and environmental hazards is correct? a. The prevalence of autism is directly related to the increase in environmental toxins. b. Children are more susceptible to environmental toxins because of their smaller size. c. The prevalence of asthma among children has been decreasing. d. Children are more susceptible to cancer if they have a family history of the disease.
B
Which statement describes the infant mortality rate? A) The rate is gradually increasing in the United States. B) The rate is used to determine the overall improvement in health. C) The rate is similar between majority and minority populations. D) The rate in the United States is the lowest in the world.
B
2. A nurse who cares for Mexican migrant farmworkers must be certain to assess for which of the following? Select all that apply. a. Cholera b. Hepatitis c. High blood level of lead d. Malaria e. Tuberculosis f. Yellow fever
B,C,E
A nurse who works at the local hospital asks a public health nurse what might be causing her hands to become very sore and sensitive. Which of the following statements would be the most appropriate response by the public health nurse? a. "Ask the staff in employee health if there have been any other complaints." b. "Call the local health department about any recent problems at the hospital." c. "Check the material safety data sheet on any chemicals you have used recently." d. "See the nurse's health care provider for a complete work-up."
C
2. What is the most accurate description of a migrant farmworker? a. A person who does farmwork as the primary means of employment, although other work may be done when the seasonal work ends b. A person who immigrates to the United States to "follow the crops" in performing seasonal farmwork c. A person who moves from place to place to earn money performing seasonal agricultural work d. A person who specializes in the development of rural land for the purpose of farming
C
3. Population- focused nursing practice requires which of the following processes? A. Community organizing . B. Nursing, process C. Community diagnosis D. Epidemiologic process
C
37. Which type of family-nurse contact will provide you with the best opportunity to observe family dynamics? A. Clinic consultation B. Group conferences C. Home visit D. Written communication
C
5. A migrant farmworker brings his daughter into the clinic with severe heat stroke from being out in the sun. The nurse explains the danger signs and stresses staying cool and drinking lots of water. The man seems to know this already. So what is the most likely reason this happened? a. It was a rare occurrence, which probably won't be repeated b. The daughter either disobeyed her father and went out to play in the sun or just did not realize how hot she was. c. Children may work on small farms because the family may need the additional income. d. The parents were busy working and didn't realize child was outside so long.
C
9. A migrant farmworker presents to the clinic reporting an acute onset of severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache with difficulty concentrating. What condition might cause such symptoms? a. Appendicitis b. Bacterial gastroenteritis c. Pesticide poisoning d. Viral illness
C
A client newly diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection, and syphilis asks, "Okay, so how do I get rid of all this stuff?" In developing a plan of care, the nurse recognizes that it is essential to address: A) Correct use of condoms to prevent transmission of all sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). B) Cures for each of the STDs identified. C) Risk of skin-to-skin contact in transmitting the identified STDs. D) Safety of sexual contact in the absence of lesions.
C
A community health nurse is developing strategies to prevent or improve mental health issues in the local area. In which of the following situations is the nurse implementing a tertiary prevention strategy? A. Providing support programs for new patients B. Screening a client whose spouse recently died for suicide risk C. Teaching a client who has schizophrenia about medication interactions D. Discussing stress reduction techniques with employees at an industrial site
C
A nurse is completing a basic health assessment. Which of the following questions should be asked by an environmentally aware nurse? a. "Is anyone else in your family having these symptoms?" b. "Can you tell me about your house or apartment?" c. "What jobs have you held longest?" d. "Where do you live?"
C
A nurse is completing a case management advocacy activity which corresponds to the implementation phase of the nursing process. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely use? a. Asking the client what is most important b. Seeking appropriate referrals for the client c. Assuring the client that his wishes will be supported d. Determining the order in which actions will occur
C
A nurse, client, family, and other care providers meet to discuss what will be the best approach to use to continue care. Which of the following best describes why the nurse suggests changing the goal from obtaining appropriate long-term care placement to ensuring that the client's convalescence is beneficial and safe? a. To consider all possible consequences of long-term care placement b. To encourage the group to review the client outcomes in the different settings c. To expand the goal so that different solutions can be generated and considered d. To help the group focus on the critical aspects the client's family considered most important
C
An example of secondary prevention of infectious disease is: A) Malaria chemoprophylaxis. B) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia chemoprophylaxis for people with AIDS. C) Quarantine. D) Restaurant inspections.
C
An occupational health nurse at a local factory is using primary prevention strategies to reduce the environmental health risks among the employees. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Checking radiation detectors to monitor for unsafe levels of radiation exposure b. Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has had a chemical splash to the face c. Teaching new employees who will work outdoors about the signs and symptoms of heat-related illness d. Using spirometry to rule out obstructive or restrictive lung disease for workers who will be wearing mask respirators
C
Epidemiology is: A) part of the nursing process for community health nurses. B) used to examine the incidence of communicable diseases. C) used to understand and explain how and why health and illness occur. D) important in determining the prevalence of chronic diseases.
C
Examples of the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) to improve public health nursing can be found in research projects designed to test the effectiveness of public health nursing interventions related to the core functions and essential services of public health. These projects are associated with: A) Agency on Healthcare Research and Quality. B) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. C) The Intervention Wheel. D) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
C
It is important that nurses understand the nontraditional healing practices of their clients because: a. folk practices are usually ineffective. b. nurses can refer clients to the appropriate local folk healers. c. safe, effective nontraditional healing methods can be blended with Western medicine. d. the nurse must understand them to help the client give them up.
C
State public health agency responsibilities include: A) Conducting community health assessments. B) Enforcing public health codes. C) Monitoring health status. D) Providing expertise that facilitates evidence-based practice.
C
The role and goals of the community health nursing practice can best be described as: A. Community-based interventions aimed at promoting, preserving, and maintaining the health of populations residing in institutional facilities such as nursing homes. B. Education of nurses and other staff working in community-based and community-oriented settings to improve the overall effectiveness of their programs to meet client needs. C. Population-level strategies aimed at promoting, preserving, and maintaining the health of populations through the delivery of personal health care services to individuals, families, and groups in an effort to improve the health of the community as a whole. D. Activities targeted at improving the health status of clients served by community-based health service agencies such as hospice and home health agencies.
C
Which is an example of a vital statistic? A) Incidence rate of cancer B) Prevalence rate of heart disease C) Infant mortality rate D) Morbidity rate from heart attack
C
54. Sputum examination is the major screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clients would sometimes get false negative results in this exam. This means that the test is not perfect in terms of which characteristic of a diagnostic examination? A. Effectiveness B. Efficacy C. Specificity D. Sensitivity
D
11. How could a nurse engage in tertiary prevention related to pesticide exposure? a. Observe farmworkers for evidence of unsafe handling of pesticides b. Provide teaching on how to handle pesticides to avoid or decrease exposure c. Teach farmworkers how to recognize signs and symptoms of pesticide poisoning d. Treat a client who has pesticide exposure to prevent complications
D
11. Which of the following is the most prominent feature of public health nursing? A. It involves providing home care to sick people who are not confined in the hospital B. Services are provided free of charge to people within the catchment area C. The public health nurse functions as part of a team providing a public health nursing service D. Public health nursing focuses on preventive, not curative services
D
12. What are the two primary causes of death in children who live in rural areas? a. Accidents and genetic conditions b. Accidents and cancer c. Homicide and suicide d. Machinery-related accidents and drowning
D
13. A migrant farmworker's family seemed to be very stressed, although their employer had given them the day off to visit the clinic and told them to take all the time they needed. In addition to the health issue, what might be the family's fear? a. Their personal belongings may be stolen while they are at the clinic. b. Immigration officials will send them back to their home country. c. The clinic personnel will look down on them and be biased against them. d. They weren't getting paid for that day, and continued employment is never certain.
D
A case management nurse at an acute care facility is conducting an initial visit with the client to identify needs prior to discharge home. After developing a working relationship with the client the nurse is engaging in the referral process. which of the following should be the first action by the nurse? A. monitor the client's satisfaction with the referral. B. Provide client information to for referral agencies. C. Review available resources with the client. D. Identify referrals that the client needs.
D
A community-oriented nurse leader is working with a community partnership to improve access to services for the underserved by planning an expansion of the local community health clinic. This nursing intervention strategy is focused on which of the following community health dimensions? A) Environment. B) Health status. C) Process. D) Structure.
D
A nurse in community health seeks to determine whether the visit with an older adult Asian woman is successful. The nurse has not encountered many clients from this culture. An effective way to judge whether a cultural encounter has been effective would include the nurse's sense that the visit was successful, the nurse and client experience little or no stress, and: a. the client says "thank you." b. the client nods frequently. c. the client's family does not complain. d. tasks are done efficiently.
D
A school nurse is teaching a class of sophomores about the relationship between the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and risk-taking behaviors. A key point to include is: A) All STDs are easily preventable with consistent condom use. B) Once a young woman is pregnant, she is no longer at risk for most STDs. C) STDs are most likely to be transmitted during a student's initial sexual encounter. D) Use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make decisions that result in exposure to and infection with STDs.
D
Which community attribute is an indicator of a community's health status? A) Mean educational level. B) Location of health facilities within the community. C) Ratio of police to citizens. D) Suicide rate.
D
47. The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to; A. Delineate the etiology of the epidemic B. Encourage cooperation and support of the community C. Identify groups who are at risk of contracting the disease D. Identify geographical location of cases of the disease in the community
A
A community health RN is particiipating in an analytic study of ppl who devel melanoma following freq visits to tanning salons. Studies of this type are classified A. retropective B. concurrent C. cross-sectional D. prospective
A
A community-level intervention designed to increase the sense of belonging among older community residents at risk for social isolation was implemented by opening a senior center every other Wednesday at a local church that provided lunch and social programs. At the end of 6 months, the attendees were surveyed to determine their experience with the program, barriers to attendance, expansion of their social networks, and involvement in other community activities. This survey allowed the community health nurse to _______ the program and design program improvements. A) Evaluate the effectiveness of. B) Assess the expansion needs of. C) Identify problems with D) Implement the expansion of.
A
A nurse planning a smoking cessation clinic for adolescents in the local middle schools and high schools is providing: A. Community-oriented care. B. Community-based care. C. Secondary care. D. Tertiary care.
A
A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children 15 years old and younger. What is the age-specific meningitis death rate for children age 15 years and younger for this region to date this year? A) 0.08/1000 B) 0.46/1000 C) 1/1000 D) 8/1000
A
A tornado strikes a mobile home community in a small rural town. Approximately 10 families are left without food and shelter. Which reaction demonstrates the community's viability? A. Community leaders activate the community disaster plan. B. Community leaders contact the federal government about disaster relief. C. Relief workers run out of bottled water and bedding supplies. D. Tornado victims are sent to a boarding home in the nearest urban area.
A
An American takes a long-awaited vacation in sunny Mexico, spending days on the beach eating fresh raspberries from a nearby vendor and drinking bottled water. The tourist may be altering: A) Agent-host-environment interaction. B) Circadian rhythms. C) Herd immunity. D) Host resistance.
A
Many variables influence a patient's health beliefs and practices. Internal and external variables influence how a person thinks and acts. An example of an internal variable would be a. Perception of functioning. b. Family practices. c. Socioeconomic factors. d. Cultural background.
A
Mortality rates from two communities can best be compared after calculating: A. the age-adjusted rates. B. the crude rates. C. the gender-specific rates. D. the prevalence rates.
A
Public health nursing practice is guided by the community's priorities as identified by community: A) Assessment. B) Diagnosis. C) Interventions. D) Planning.
A
The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Five Keys to Safer Food campaign in 2001 to address the problem of foodborne and waterborne diarrheal diseases worldwide. This campaign emphasizes which of the following practices? A) Keep clean, separate raw and cooked, cook thoroughly. B) Never use raw, always cook, buy better. C) Wash, cut, cook, and throw away. D) Wash, cover, and always refrigerate.
A
The federal-state-local partnership teams with other organizations to develop and implement responses to identified public health concerns because: A) Community health is a shared responsibility. B) Health objectives are defined nationally. C) Population health is the responsibility of the government. D) Public health trends focus on bioterrorism.
A
1. Which is the primary goal of community health nursing? A. To support and supplement the efforts of the medical profession in the promotion of health and prevention of B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs C. To increase the productivity of the people by providing them with services that will increase their level of health D. To contribute to national development through promotion of family welfare, focusing particularly on mothers and child
B
2: CHN is a community-based practice. Which best explains this statement? A. The service is provided in the natural environment of people B. The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems C. The service are based on the available resources within the community D. Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health problems identified
B
67. In the past year, Barangay A had an average population of 1655. 46 babies were born in that year, 2 of whom died less than 4 weeks after they were born. They were 4 recorded stillbirths. What is the neonatal mortality rate? A. 27.8/1000 B. 43.5/1000 C. 86.9/1000 D. 130.4/1000
B
A business executive develops flu-like symptoms 1 day after returning by air from a trans-Atlantic 2-day conference that involved lengthy meetings into the evening. The scenario best illustrates the interaction of: A) Host and agent. B) Host, agent, and environment. C) Risk and causality. D) Morbidity and disease.
B
A community health nurse manager has integrated exposure history elements into the assessment practices of the health department that are relevant to the urban industrial community served. This strategy indicates that the nurse manager is aware of the relationship between: A) Community strengths and weaknesses. B) Environment and human health/disease. C) Toxicology studies conducted by the Environmental Protection Agency and the environment. D) Federal and state environmental regulations.
B
A community of interest could be described as: A. ppl who live in the same geographic area and share common interest B. ppl who share beliefs, values or interest but not geographic location C. ppl with the ability to iddentify their own needs D. ppl who have athe same life expectancy
B
A nurse designs a project to investigate the use of smokeless tobacco of male graduates from a local high school and their incidence of oral cancer ten years later. This represents what type of study A: experiemental B: prospective C: cross-sectional D: Retroscpecftive
B
A nurse is concerned about the accuracy of the purified protein derivative (tuberculin) test in screening individuals with tuberculosis exposure for followup chest radiography. The nurse's concern is related to which aspect of the test's validity? A) Reliability. B) Sensitivity. C) Specificity. D) Variability.
B
Nurses should consider opportunities for population-focused practice that result from the rapid transformation of health care delivery from a medical model to a health promotion/disease prevention model. An example of such opportunity is: A. Operator of a nurse practitioner-run urgent care center in a major retail location. B. Director of clinical services spanning inpatient and community-based settings that provide a wide range of services to the populations seen by the system. C. Clinical director of a home health agency. D. School nurse position in the local high school.
B
The monitoring and public reporting of air quality in a local community to assist individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions best illustrates the application of: A) Compliance and enforcement. B) Environmental epidemiology. C) Secondary prevention. D) Toxicology.
B
66. Which statistic can give the most accurate reflection of the health status of a community? A. 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate B. Infant mortality rate C. Swaroop's index D. Crude death rate
C
The gold standard of evidence gathering in evidence-based practice is: A. Clinical knowledge and judgment B. Expert opinions C. Randomized clinical trials D. Theories of practice
C
The health care model that utilizes Maslow's hierarchy as its base is the _____ Model. a. Health Belief b. Health Promotion c. Basic Human Needs d. Holistic Health
C
Which of the following are considered key vital statistics A. attack rate and morbidity rate B. incidence and prevalence rate C. maternal mortality rate and fetal death rate D. relative risk
C
A nurse is preparing an education program on disease transmission for employees at a local day care facility. When discussing the epidemiological triangle, the nurse should include which of the following as agents? (Select all that apply.) A. Resource availability B. Ethnicity C. Toxins D. Bacteria E. Altered immunity
C/D
32. The public health nurse takes an active role in community participation. What is the primary goal of community organizing? A. To educate the people regarding community health problems B. To mobilize the people to resolve community health problems C. To maximize the community's resources in dealing with health problems
D
75. Which of the following professionals can sign the birth certificate? A. Public health nurse B. Rural health midwife C. Municipal health officer D. Any of these health professionals
D
A nurse identifies higher-than-normal levels of lead when screening a 3-year-old child. The nurse works with the local health department to put together a team to address the environmental issues responsible for the child's abnormal lead level. Team members should include the following specialists: A) Epidemiologist, pediatric specialist, and sanitarian. B) Laboratory specialist, contractor whose bid for lead reduction work is the lowest, and public health lead reduction specialist. C) Public health sanitarian, pediatric generalist, and plumbing inspector. D) Specially trained housing inspector, pediatric specialist, lead-based paint intervention team, and laboratory specialists to test the child's home and the surrounding neighborhood.
D
A nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child hospitalized with pertussis. The child is in the convalescent stage and is being prepared for discharge. Which statement by a parent indicates a need for instructions? A. We need to encourage our child to drink fluids B. Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke C. Vomiting may occur when our child has coughing episodes D. We need to maintain droplet precautions and a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks
D
Which of the following objectives for Immunizations and Infectious Diseases are part of the Healthy People 2020 objectives? a. Reduce, eliminate, or maintain elimination of cases of vaccine-preventable diseases b. Increase the percentage of children and adults who are vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza c. Reduce tuberculosis d. all of the above
D
Which of the following questions would be appropriate to ask to determine an organization's readiness for disaster response? a. Is there an emergency preparedness policy? b. Does the policy call for mock disaster drills? c. Who reviews the exercises after they have been conducted? d. All of the above
D
If the two major goals of Healthy People 2020 are to be achieved, collaboration is essential for public health nursing practice, and collaboration with existing groups at the local level is encouraged for which of the following reasons? A) The federal government is ultimately responsible for the health status of the nation. B) The public demands that the government protect the people. C) Public health departments do not have the resources to accomplish these goals independently. D) State health agencies must take a universal approach to achieving objectives.
c
A community-oriented nurse conducts home visits to new parents to assess the health status of the infant, the parent-child relationship, the parents' knowledge regarding the care of the infant, and the need for health department and social services referrals to support the needs of the new parents and the infant. This can best be described as an example of: A. Clinical community health practice. B. Community-based practice. C. Population-focused practice. D. Public health nursing.
A
A community-oriented nurse has identified obesity as a problem in the middle school. The next step in a population-focused practice is to make information available about the health of the middle school students. This describes the core public health function of: A. Assessment. B. Assurance. C. Policy development. D. Research.
A
A nurse is working with a client who has it systemic lupus erythematossus and recently lost her health insurance. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse in the implementation phase of the case management process? A. Coordinating services to meet the clients needs B. Comparing outcomes with original goals C. Determining the clients financial constraints D. Clarifying roles of interprofessional team members
A
A nursing diagnosis of Increased risk for delayed development, injury, and disease because of inadequate parenting by a primary parent experiencing depression would most likely indicate that the nursing process is being applied at the _______ level of practice and the _______ level of prevention. A) Individual/family + secondary. B) Community + primary. C) Community + secondary. D) Individual/family + primary.
A
A school nurse notes that 60 children have missed days of high school because of pertussis this past year and this rate has been relatively constant for the past 5 years. The nurse plans to work with the community to increase awareness of the seriousness of this disease for children younger than 6 months of age and to raise and maintain the immunization rates, because in this community the pertussis is: A) Endemic. B) Epidemic. C) Pandemic. D) Sporadic.
A
A woman comes to the community health center complaining of increasing lower abdominal pain, fever, and abnormal menses for several months. During the assessment, the client indicates that she is aware that her husband has had multiple sex partners in the past two years. Appropriate intervention by the nurse would be to: A) Arrange to have the client referred for medical evaluation for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and appropriate intervention and treatment. B) Contact the health department to confirm the spouse's diagnosis of Chlamydia infection to determine the client's exposure, give the client antibiotics, and have her return to the clinic if symptoms worsen. C) Provide sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention and treatment education and refer the client to the health department for STD screening for gonorrhea and/or Chlamydia infection. D) Supply the client with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and caution her to call the after-hours call doctor if her symptoms worsen.
A
Artificial immunity is developed: A) through vaccination rather than exposure B) when an individual has been infected with the disease. C) from the body's antigen-antibody response to infection. D) when the immune system is compromised.
A
Community health nurses conducting health education among populations vulnerable to HIV infection should explain the natural history of the infection, including the fact that HIV infection may go undetected during the primary infection stage because: A) Antibody test results are typically negative. B) Antibody production by the immune system increases. C) Incubation period is prolonged. D) Symptoms include myalgias, sore throats, and rash.
A
If the community is where nurses practice and apply the nursing process, and the community is the client in that practice, then nurses will want to analyze and synthesize information about: A) Boundaries, parts, and dynamic processes of the client community. B) Community health status and structure. C) Community problems and problem correlates. D) Role of the nurse and lay advisors in the community partnership.
A
It has been reported that 20% of the population may develop heart disease during their lifetime. This is an example of a(n): A) incidence rate. B) prevalence rate. C) mortality rate. D) morbidity rate.
A
The key role for the community health RN in dealing with communities is to: A. make sure ppl in the community are empowered and able to participate B. provide incentives for community members to follow the protocols C. establish project teams that will collect and analyze data D. closely direct community members so tht the community assessments are
A
The nurse is preparing a smoking cessation class and is amazed at how many people still smoke even with the information on lung cancer so readily available. She believes that her class will convert many smokers to nonsmokers once they get all the latest information. The nurse is a believer in which of the following health care models? a. Health Belief Model b. Health Promotion Model c. Basic Human Needs Model d. Holistic Health Model
A
The nurse is working in a clinic that is designed to provide health education and immunizations. As such, this clinic is designed to provide a. Primary prevention. b. Secondary prevention. c. Tertiary prevention. d. Diagnosis and prompt intervention.
A
The public health nurse applies knowledge in working with a local school board coalition to develop a helmet safety campaign in the middle and high schools. This best exemplifies which aspect of public health? A) Core competency. B) Core function. C) Nursing role. D) Standard of practice.
A
The state public health agency has received multiple complaints regarding the availability of elder transportation services to a specific county senior center. The state agency assigns a public health nurse to work with the community to evaluate its program for elder transportation services to publicly sponsored eldercare programs. The public health core function applied is: A. Assurance. B. Policy development. C. Primary prevention. D. Public transportation.
A
When assessing a community's health care needs, an advanced public health nurse interviews a first-grade teacher and the editor of the weekly news bulletin. The nurse is using which data collection method? A.Key informant B. Nominal group C. Participant observer D. Social survey
A
When confirmed cases of the mumps, a vaccine-preventable disease, emerged on college campuses in fall 2006, public health nurses conducted outreach at campuses and collaborated with student health officials to increase the number of students with full immunization compliance. This is an example of: A) Community-level practice. B) Family-level practice. C) Individual-level practice. D) Systems-level practice.
A
Which of the following actions represents the use of secondary prevention to reduce environmental health risks? a. Collecting blood specimens from preschool children to check for lead levels b. Meeting with local government officials to request that the city clean up a hazardous vacant lot c. Referring a child with toxic lead levels to a neurologist d. Teaching parents of a 2-year-old about the dangers of lead-based paint in older homes
A
1. Other than being concerned for all U.S. citizens, why would health professionals be particularly concerned about the health needs of residents in rural areas? Select all that apply. a. About 25% of all U.S. residents live in rural settings. b. People in rural areas are especially susceptible to acute illnesses rather than chronic diseases. c. Diagnoses in rural areas are usually for physical injuries, not mental health concerns. d. A high prevalence of poverty exists among rural families. e. People in rural areas often do not know a health care provider. f. Rural families are less likely to engage in health promotion and disease prevention activities.
A,D,F
A community-oriented nurse seeks to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) in the community clinic's programs. The best model for the nurse to apply is: A) Action research and review. B) Community development. C) Community research utilization. D) EBP.
B
A newly hired public health nurse is familiarizing himself with the levels of disaster management. Which of the following actions is a component of disaster prevention? A. Outlining specific roles of community agencies B. Identifying community vulnerabilities C. Prioritizing care of individuals D. Providing stress counseling
B
A nurse demonstrates cultural competence by using statements such as: a. "I know how you feel." b. "Tell me about your health care beliefs." c. "Let me show you the way you should do this." d. "You can do things in a more modern way now."
B
A nurse is assessing potential environmental health risks in the community. Which of the following would be the first step that the nurse should take? a. Conduct health risk assessments of randomly selected individuals b. Perform a windshield survey c. Review facility permits and consumer confidence reports d. Survey community members
B
A nurse is assigned to teach clients sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention information. The nurse updates her teaching plan to incorporate new guidelines from the Centers from Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). She includes which of the following as updated information during her next teaching session? A) Always use spermicides with condoms to reduce the risk of contracting chlamydia or gonorrhea. B) Condoms can be effective in preventing infections transmitted by fluids from mucosal surfaces but are not always effective in preventing infections transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. C) Condoms should not be used during oral sex, because they are not effective in preventing transmission of infection. D) When genital ulcers are present, condoms should be used to prevent the spread of infection.
B
A nurse is caring for a client who is from a different culture than himself. When beginning the cultural assessment, which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Determine the client's perception of his current health issues. B. Gather data about the client's cultural beliefs. C. Determine how the client's culture may impact the effectiveness of nursing actions D. Gather information about previous client interactions with the healthcare system.
B
A nurse teaches an asthmatic client to recognize and avoid exposure to asthma triggers and assists the client's family in implementing specific protection strategies in the home, such as removing carpets and avoiding pets. This nurse's activities can best be described as: A) Comprehensive assessment. B) Primary prevention. C) Secondary prevention. D) Treatment intervention.
B
A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children age 15 years old and younger. Only four cases of meningitis were reported in the public health region during the previous year. No other public health region in the state has an incidence of meningitis that is higher than expected for that region. Based on the information given, the relative frequency of meningitis in the region at this time can best be described as: A) Endemic. B) Epidemic. C) Pandemic. D) Sporadic.
B
An advanced public health nurse investigates a cluster of cases of learning disabilities, hearing impairment, and developmental delays in school-age children who live in an apartment complex that was built in 1971. The nurse suspects exposure to: A.carbon monoxide. B. lead. C. nitrogen dioxide. D. radon.
B
An example of a secondary prevention strategy for chronic illness would include which of the following? a. showing a client who has had a stroke how to walk with a cane b. conducting blood pressure screenings at the local mall c. helping people with diabetes find a support group and affordable supplies d. immunizing a client against influenza
B
Concerned with the care of school-children, the nurse does the following.EXCEPT: A. provides for a safe environment B. detects, diagnose, and treats children with health problems C. identifies and refers children with eye problems D. conducts health education classes
B
How is a disaster the same as or different from an emergency? a. A disaster is personal, whereas an emergency is community-wide. b. An emergency is personal, whereas a disaster is community-wide. c. Both emergencies and disasters are devastating. d. Both emergencies and disasters are failures resulting in extensive insurance claims.
B
In which of the following settings would a community health nurse be less likely to be involved? a. neighborhood or community clinic or senior center b. physician's office with focus on individual client care c. home-based care d. neighborhood planning board
B
Risk factors can be placed in the following interrelated categories: genetic and physiological factors, age, physical environment, and lifestyle. The presence of any of these risk factors means that a. A person with the risk factor will get the disease. b. The chances of getting the disease are increased. c. The disease is guaranteed not to develop if the risk factor is controlled. d. Risk modification will have no effect on disease prevention.
B
The case manager explains to two disagreeing parties that coming to an agreement will save personnel costs for both of them. Which of the following terms best describes this action? a. Assertiveness b. Collaboration c. Cooperation d. Compromising
B
The community nurse plans to address the physical environment within a community through assessing the A: amount of theater performances and art shows offered during the previous year B: number of homes in the area with in ground pools C: annual per capita use of tobacco products D: use and adequacy of emergency response systems
B
The community planning board's evaluation of a community intervention (child immunization campaign) carried out by the health department determined that some progress was made toward the desired outcome (target rate of childhood immunization), but the degree of progress achieved was not sufficient to offset the initial effort in terms of cost and time to launch the campaign. The community determined that the rate gain was not adequate when compared with that achieved through similar initiatives in other communities, which obtained better results by using more efficient strategies. The budget for this program was cut. This community decision best exemplifies which statement about evaluation? A) Evaluation should start in the planning phase of the nursing process. B) Evaluation can have unintended consequences. C) Effectiveness is the only true measure of worthiness. D) The power to design, judge, or institute change is importa
B
The community planning board's evaluation of a community intervention (child immunization campaign) carried out by the health department determined that some progress was made toward the desired outcome (target rate of childhood immunization), but the degree of progress achieved was not sufficient to offset the initial effort in terms of cost and time to launch the campaign. The community determined that the rate gain was not adequate when compared with that achieved through similar initiatives in other communities, which obtained better results by using more efficient strategies. The budget for this program was cut. This community decision best exemplifies which statement about evaluation? A) Evaluation should start in the planning phase of the nursing process. B) Evaluation can have unintended consequences. C) Effectiveness is the only true measure of worthiness. D) The power to design, judge, or institute change is important.
B
The most effective way to implement the nursing process in the home setting would be: a. using interview notes of the social worker to provide more efficient client care b. assessing, interviewing, observing, making a nursing diagnosis, and planning care c. having the client or family fill out a "multicultural assessment" questionnaire before beginning any assessment or interview, to avoid being culturally insensitive d. conducting a client education session, making sure to focus on the client's strengths rather than weaknesses.
B
The patient is admitted to the emergency department of the local hospital from home with reports of chest discomfort and shortness of breath. She is placed on oxygen, has labs and blood gases drawn, and is given an electrocardiogram and breathing treatments. What level of preventive care is this patient receiving? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion
B
The public health nurse ensures that a local community coalition for improving school lunches takes the time to listen to each stakeholder's view, develops a common validated language for discussing the initiative, and shares the credit for the success of the initiative. The public health nurse is adhering to the principles of: A) Collaboration. B) Partnership. C) Public health care. D) Public health nursing.
B
What is a responsibility of the government in protecting the community from infectious diseases? A) Ensure protection of individual rights B) Ensure safety of populations C) Ensure adequate public safety officers D) Ensure restrictions for ill workers
B
When acting as a mediator, the nurse advocate would: A. Choose a new health plan for a client with limited funds B. Assist new parents in communicating with their health plan regarding well-baby coverage C. Provide health education to teens who need knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases D. Set up a doctor's appointment for an illiterate adult
B
Which is the primary goal of community health nursing? A. To support and supplement the efforts of the medical profession in the promotion of health and prevention of illness B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs C. To increase the productivity of the people by providing them with services that will increase their level of health D. To contribute to national development through promotion of family welfare, focusing particularly on mothers and children.
B
Which of the following categories would make a person eligible for Medicaid a) Family of 4 with an income of $200,000 b) Pregnant women and children under 6 in a low income household c) Only Employed single men d) Only pharmacy students e) Only college athletes
B
Which of the following characteristics apply to intervention studies? A. they don't require altering the behavior of study subjects, only observing them B. they include prevention or therapeutic trials C. They follow the group being studied into the future to determine risk factors D. They are the same as correlation studies
B
Which program is an example of secondary prevention?A. A community-wide nutrition program at fast-food establishments B. A program to immunize persons exposed to infectious disease with immunoglobulin G within two weeks of exposure C. Alcoholics Anonymous D. An exercise program for persons who have had a stroke
B
John, a 86 year old male, is currently enrolled in the Medicaid program in Texas. Which of the following services is John guaranteed by Medicaid? a. Food stamp b. Eyeglasses c. Blood test d. Nonprescription drug e. Transportation support c. Blood test
C
1. What are health professional shortage areas (HPSAs)? a. Areas with inadequate health care facilities for residents b. Isolated areas of underserved populations within urban regions c. Regions with insufficient numbers of health care providers d. Rural regions of the United States with population densities of less than 10,000
C
46. Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic? A Conducting assessment of suspected cases to detect the communicable diseases B. Monitoring the condition of the cases affected by the communicable disease C. Participating in the investigation to determine the source of epidemic D. Teaching the community on preventive measures against the disease
C
A community that is described as having community competence has which of the following characteristics A. the ability to perform their won cross-sectional epidemiological studies B. the ability to delegate any community processes to an outside expert such as a community health nurse C. the ability to identify their needs, achieve consensus, and plan and implement goals D. the ability to predict morbidity and mortality rates for the population or geographic area
C
A patient is admitted to a rehabilitation facility following a stroke. The patient has right-sided paralysis and is unable to speak. The patient will be receiving physical therapy and speech therapy. What are these examples of? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion
C
A rural public health nurse is in the first phase of a community assessment to determine the community health status characteristics of the local county. This initial data gathering should most likely begin with which agency? A) County public health department. B) National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. C) State vital statistics bureau. D) U.S. Census Bureau.
C
A school nurse is scheduling visits with a physical therapist for a child who has cerebral palsy. In which of the following roles is the nurse functioning? A. Direct caregiver B. Consultant C. Case manager D. Counselor
C
A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children age 15 years old and younger. What is the prevalence proportion of meningitis in this region thus far in the current year? A) 4.1/100,000 B) 5/100,000 C) 46/100,000 D) 50/100,000
C
After consulting with the health department director, a public health nurse collaborates with a housing advocate service and legal counsel on behalf of the nurse's clients who live in substandard housing under fear of eviction. The nurse is applying the _______ component of the nursing process to a _______ level of practice. A) Evaluation + systems. B) Assessment + community. C) Implementation + systems. D) Diagnosis + community.
C
Communiity health is made up of which of the following? A. epidemiology, parasitology, and correlation studies B. etiology, studies, prevention, and demographics C. epidemiology, human ecology, and demography D. infectious agents, natural hisory of a disease, and demography
C
Healthy People 2020 has a basic assumption, namely which of the following? a. Any disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong. b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding. c. Health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community. d. Government is responsible for lengthening Americans' life span.
C
Rapid changes in public health are providing a challenge to public health nurses because there is neither time nor staff to provide nurses with the on-the-job training needed to acquire the core public health competencies required of the public health nurse. This resulted in revisions to the American Nurses Association (ANA)'s Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice in 2005 that established: A) Core public health functions as the competency framework. B) Minnesota Department of Health's intervention wheel as the practice competencies. C) Standards for baccalaureate- and master's-prepared public health nurses. D) Quad Council principles as the primary framework for practice.
C
The three components of the Intervention Wheel are: A) Communities, systems, and individuals/families. B) Interventions, color wedges, and levels of practice. C) Population base, levels of practice, and public health interventions. D) Populations at risk, populations of interest, and levels of practice.
C
When nurses work with communities, "best practices"-the application of the best available evidence to improve practice-must also be: A) Accessible and diverse. B) Competent and compliant. C) Culturally and financially appropriate. D) Reasonable and deliverable in a timely fashion.
C
Which action by the community-oriented nurse best illustrates a partnership for health? A) Assisting a school nurse in conducting vision screening of elementary school children. B) Developing a volunteer program for teaching parenting skills. C) Helping a group of citizens concerned about potential environmental hazards collect relevant health data and develop needed interventions. D) Informing a neighborhood council that smoking is its major community health problem.
C
34. Tertiary prevention is needed in which stage of the natural history of disease? A. Pre-pathogenesis B. Pathogenesis C. Predromal D. Terminal
D
45. Which of the following is a function of epidemiology? A. Identifying the disease condition based on manifestations presented by a client B. Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3 year old C. Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3 year old client with pneumonia D. Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
D
48. Which is a characteristic of person-to-person propagated epidemic? A. There are more cases of the disease than expected B. The disease must necessarily be transmitted through a vector C. The spread of the disease can be attributed to a common vehicle D. There is gradual build up of cases before we epidemic becomes easily noticeable
D
A nurse is planning a community health program. Which of the following should the nurse include as part of the evaluation plan? A. Determine availability of resources to initiate the plan. B. Gain approval for the program from local leaders. C. Establish a timeline for implementation of interventions. D. Compare program impact to similar programs.
D
A nurse is talking to a client who asks for additional information about hospice. Which of the following is an appropriate statement by the nurse? A. "Clients who require skilled nursing care at home quality for hospice care." B. "One function of hospice is to provide teaching to clients about life-sustaining measures." C. " Hospice assists clients to develop the skills needed to care for themselves independently." D. "A component of hospice care is to control the client's symptoms."
D
A population-level tertiary prevention intervention typically carried out by nurses caring for those with communicable disease in the community is: A) HIV test results counseling. B) Needle exchange. C) Partner notification. D) Instruction in standard precautions.
D
A public health nurse leader is encountering barriers when trying to shift the public health agency's efforts to a population-focused practice. The reasons peers are not supportive of the proposed shift to a population focus are most likely related to: A. Agency colleagues' push for nurses to focus on population initiatives. B. Costs associated with staff training and revision of documents. C. Lack of support from the agency's funding sources. D. Opinions that nursing should focus on the provision of direct client care and services.
D
An analytic study may be used to: A) describe the amount of disease within a population. B) manipulate variables believed to influence a population's health. C) determine the effectiveness of a new drug. D) answer questions about cause-and-effect relationships.
D
An appropriate question for a community health nurse to ask when conducting an assessment at the population level would be: A) "How old are you?" B) "Where do you live?" C) "What chronic diseases do you have?" D) "Where are the areas for recreational activity?"
D
An occupational health nurse practitioner's physical assessment of a factory worker identifies an acute-onset pruritic dermatitis extending over the face, hands, neck, and forearms. The nurse's priorities should be to: A) Contact factory senior management, educate workers about their exposure, and clean the area. B) Contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration immediately and remove the offending chemical in the work environment. C) Immediately evacuate the worker's nearby workspace and treat the worker and other exposed workers. D) Treat the client and obtain a comprehensive exposure history; if an onsite environmental exposure is suspected as the cause, screen other at-risk workers and ensure that the environmental risk is identified and eliminated.
D
In 1988 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published a report on the future of public health and its mission that defined public health as: A. What public-private partnerships do to treat vulnerable populations. B. What the government does to ensure that vital programs are in place. C. What the U.S. Public Health Service does to prevent disease, promote health, and deliver services. D. What society does collectively to ensure the conditions in which people can be healthy.
D
In caring for a young adult from West Africa, the community nurse is introduced to another individual who is referred to as "auntie." A culturally competent nurse who is aware of the basic organizing factor of culture related to social organization would: a. assess the competence of the "auntie" to care for the young adult. b. assume that the "auntie" is related to one of the young adult's parents. c. declare that the young adult is capable of making personal health decisions. d. find out who is considered to be a member of the family.
D
John Snow played a critical role in the development of modern disease surveillance when he: A) Devised a more statistically valid method of analyzing epidemiologic data. B) Discovered causal agents for anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera. C) Tracked the incidence of tuberculosis in the tenements of New York City. D) Used geographic mapping to demonstrate the connection between water supply and cholera.
D
Promotion of the creation of immunization registries that combine immunization information from different sources into a single electronic record to provide official immunization records for schools, daycare centers, health departments, and clinics is a goal of: A) Community-level practice. B) Family-level practice. C) Individual-level practice. D) Systems-level practice.
D
The intervention used to influence the knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices of the population of interest is referred to as: A) Advocacy. B) Coalition building. C) Consultation. D) Social marketing.
D
The three essential elements of informed consent are: A.accountability, beneficence, and paternalism. B. confidentiality, truthfulness, and advocacy. C. financial risk, rule of utility, and protection of privacy. D. information, comprehension, and freedom from coercion.
D
When applying the nursing process to environmental health, the nurse would: A) Conduct an assessment focused on the client's presenting problem. B) Coordinate interventions with the primary care provider of record. C) Examine criteria that are limited to the client's immediate responses. D) Include outcome measures that involve mitigation and elimination of the contributing factors.
D
Which ofs the following factors can contribute to a person being a host? A. exposure to physical, chemical, or or nutritive agents B. being young or old C. poverty D. all above
D
Which statement about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is correct? A) All STDs can be easily treated. B) Adolescents are at low risk to contract STDs. C) STDs are easily recognized because of the severe symptoms. D) Individuals who engage in unprotected sexual activity are at greatest risk to contract STDs.
D
Which statement most accurately reflects prevalencerate and incidence rate? A. there is no difference: they mean the same thing B. prevalence rate indicates the rate of change from ppl who do not have the disease, to their having it C. both cover unspecified, unlimited periods of time D. incidence rate reflects new cases of a disease during a specified time
D
Which would be considered an agent in the chain of infection? A) Human host B) Excessive heat C) Overcrowding D) Tuberculosis
D
he leading cause of death in the United States is: A) pneumonia. B) cancer. C) stroke. D) heart disease.
D
Which U.S. agency is responsible for overseeing the actions of protecting against, responding to, recovering from, and preventing the effects of disaster? a. American Red Cross b. Department of National Security c. Federal Emergency Management Agency d. The National Disaster Relief Agency e. The National Incident Management System
E
Which of the following people would be eligible for Medicare Part A? a. Jane age 63 who is a citizen b. John age 65 who has come to the United States on a Visa c. James age 64 who is a resident of the United States d. Jan age 64 with a spouse that has worked for at least 5 years in Medicare-covered employment e. Jared age 64 with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) e. Jared age 64 with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
E
A community health nurse is implementing health programs with several populations in the local area. In which of the following situations is the nurse using primary preventions? A. Performing a home safety check at a client's home B. Teaching healthy nutrition to clients who have hypertension C. Providing influenza immunizations to employees at a local preschool D. Implementing a program to notify individuals exposed to a communicable disease.
X
The public health nurse serves as a bridge between at-risk populations and the community's health care resources. This role is based on the nurse's responsibility to: A) Collect and analyze data on public health programs. B) Ensure that all populations have access to affordable, quality health care. C) Monitor and assess critical health status indicators. D) Provide evidence-based use of resources.
b
A registered nurse is seeking a position as a public health nurse. In reviewing the job description the nurse would expect to find a description of a position that focused on functions such as: A. Monitoring pregnant teenagers for symptoms of complications of pregnancy. B. Offering free hypertension screening and treatment referral at local health fairs to low-income, uninsured, community members. C. Partnering with local seasonal farmworkers to design a program aimed at preventing illness and injury, and advocating for this population with local political and community leaders. D. Preventing injury among a population of elderly residents in an assisted living facility and treating residents' chronic illnesses.
c
