final cyber security
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the single loss expectancy (SLE)?
$2,000,000
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the annualized loss expectancy (ALE)?
$20,000
What file type is least likely to be impacted by a file infector virus?
.docx
The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) restricts the collection of information online from children. What is the cutoff age for COPPA regulation?
13
Nancy performs a full backup of her server every Sunday at 1 A.M. and differential backups on Mondays through Fridays at 1 A.M. Her server fails at 9 A.M. Wednesday. How many backups does Nancy need to restore?
2
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the exposure factor?
20 percent
Henry is creating a firewall rule that will allow inbound mail to the organization. What TCP port must he allow through the firewall?
25 - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
What is the maximum value for any octet in an IPv4 IP address?
255
What ISO security standard can help guide the creation of an organization's security policy?
27002
Henry's last firewall rule must allow inbound access to a Windows Terminal Server. What port must he allow?
3389
Henry would like to create a different firewall rule that allows encrypted web traffic to reach a web server. What port is used for that communication?
443 HTTP over Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
Continuing professional education (CPE) credits typically represent ________ minutes of classroom time per CPE unit.
50
What is NOT a valid encryption key length for use with the Blowfish algorithm?
512 bits
Jane is a manager at a federal government agency and recently hired a new employee, Mark, who will work with sensitive information. How much time does Jane have from Mark's hire date to get him security training?
60 days
How many domains of knowledge are covered by the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) exam?
8
What series of Special Publications does the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produce that covers information systems security activities?
800
Which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard covers wireless LANs?
802.11
What DoD directive requires that information security professionals in the government earn professional certifications?
8140
Juan's web server was down for an entire day last September. It experienced no other downtime during that month. Which one of the following represents the web server uptime for that month?
96.67% = [29 days uptime/(29 days uptime + 1 day downtime)}
Which one of the following is the best example of an authorization control?
Access control lists
Mark is considering outsourcing security functions to a third-party service provider. What benefit is he most likely to achieve?
Access to a high level of expertise
________ refers to a program of study approved by the State Department of Education in the state that a school operates.
Accredited
Brian notices an attack taking place on his network. When he digs deeper, he realizes that the attacker has a physical presence on the local network and is forging Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. Which type of attack is most likely taking place?
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) poisoning
Alice would like to send a message to Bob using a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Alice use to create the digital signature?
Alice's private key
Bob received a message from Alice that contains a digital signature. What cryptographic key does Bob use to verify the digital signature?
Alice's public key
Which organization created a standard version of the widely used C programming language in 1989?
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
What is NOT a principle for privacy created by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)?
An organization should share its information.
Donna is building a security awareness program designed to meet the requirements of the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) 3.2. How often must she conduct training for all current employees?
Annually
Norm recently joined a new organization. He noticed that the firewall technology used by his new firm opens separate connections between the devices on both sides of the firewall. What type of technology is being used?
Application Proxying
Mary is designing a software component that will function at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. What other two layers of the model will her component need to interact with?
Application and Session
Which action is the best step to protect Internet of Things (IoT) devices from becoming the entry point for security vulnerabilities into a network while still meeting business requirements?
Applying security updates promptly
Which security control is most helpful in protecting against eavesdropping on wireless LAN (WLAN) data transmissions that would jeopardize confidentiality?
Applying strong encryption
Taylor is a security professional working for a retail organization. She is hiring a firm to conduct the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) required quarterly vulnerability scans. What credential should she seek in a vendor?
Approved scanning vendor (ASV)
What level of academic degree requires the shortest period of time to earn and does NOT require any other postsecondary degree as a prerequisite?
Associate's degree
What is NOT a good practice for developing strong professional ethics?
Assume that information should be free
Which of the following is NOT a role described in DoD Directive 8140, which covers cybersecurity training?
Attack
Ricky is reviewing security logs to independently assess security controls. Which security review process is Ricky engaging in?
Audit
During what phase of a remote access connection does the end user prove his or her claim of identity?
Authentication
Janet is identifying the set of privileges that should be assigned to a new employee in her organization. Which phase of the access control process is she performing?
Authorization
Howard is leading a project to commission a new information system that will be used by a federal government agency. He is working with senior officials to document and accept the risk of operation prior to allowing use. What step of the risk management framework is Howard completing?
Authorize the IT system for processing.
In an accreditation process, who has the authority to approve a system for implementation?
Authorizing official (AO)
__________ is a continuous process designed to keep all personnel vigilant.
Awareness
Ann is creating a template for the configuration of Windows servers in her organization. It includes the basic security settings that should apply to all systems. What type of document should she create?
Baseline
Which password attack is typically used specifically against password files that contain cryptographic hashes?
Birthday Attacks
Fran is conducting a security test of a new application. She does not have any access to the source code or other details of the application she is testing. What type of test is Fran conducting?
Black-box test
Alice would like to send a message to Bob securely and wishes to encrypt the contents of the message. What key does she use to encrypt this message?
Bob's public key
Ron is the IT director at a medium-sized company and is constantly bombarded by requests from users who want to select customized mobile devices. He decides to allow users to purchase their own devices. Which type of policy should Ron implement to include the requirements and security controls for this arrangement?
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
Joe is the CEO of a company that handles medical billing for several regional hospital systems. How would Joe's company be classified under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
Business associate of a covered entity
Tom is the IT manager for an organization that experienced a server failure that affected a single business function. What type of plan should guide the organization's recovery effort?
Business continuity plan (BCP)
Jim is an experienced security professional who recently accepted a position in an organization that uses Check Point firewalls. What certification can Jim earn to demonstrate his ability to administer these devices?
CCSA
Rod has been a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) for 10 years. He would like to earn an advanced certification that demonstrates his ability in information security architecture. Which of the following CISSP concentrations would meet Rod's needs?
CISSP-ISSAP
Karen would like to use a wireless authentication technology similar to that found in hotels where users are redirected to a webpage when they connect to the network. What technology should she deploy?
Captive portal
Which information security objective allows trusted entities to endorse information?
Certification
Richard would like to earn a certification that demonstrates his ability to manage the information security function. What certification would be most appropriate for Richard?
Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
Which of the following certifications cannot be used to satisfy the security credential requirements for the advanced Certified Internet Webmaster (CIW) certifications?
Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
What certification focuses on information systems audit, control, and security professionals?
Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)
Which of the following certifications is considered the flagship Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC)2 certification and the gold standard for information security professionals?
Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)
Colin is a software developer. He would like to earn a credential that demonstrates to employers that he is well educated on software security issues. What certification would be most suitable for this purpose?
Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)
Which of the following circumstances would NOT trigger mandatory security training for a federal agency under Office of Personnel Management (OPM) guidelines?
Change of senior leadership
Which audit data collection method helps ensure that the information-gathering process covers all relevant areas?
Checklist
Federal agencies are required to name a senior official in charge of information security. What title is normally given to these individuals?
Chief information security officer (CISO)
Betty visits a local library with her young children. She notices that someone using a computer terminal in the library is visiting pornographic websites. What law requires that the library filter offensive web content for minors?
Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
Which cryptographic attack offers cryptanalysts the most information about how an encryption algorithm works?
Chosen plaintext
Which of the following Cisco certifications demonstrates the most advanced level of security knowledge?
Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) Security
Jody would like to find a solution that allows real-time document sharing and editing between teams. Which technology would best suit her needs?
Collaboration
Alison discovers that a system under her control has been infected with malware, which is using a keylogger to report user keystrokes to a third party. What information security property is this malware attacking?
Confidentiality
Which activity manages the baseline settings for a system or device?
Configuration control
Alan withdraws cash from an ATM belonging to Bank X that is coming from his account with Bank Y. What is Alan's relationship with Bank X?
Consumer
What is NOT a common endpoint for a virtual private network (VPN) connection used for remote network access?
Content filter
Aditya is attempting to classify information regarding a new project that his organization will undertake in secret. Which characteristic is NOT normally used to make these type of classification decisions?
Threat
Which term describes an action that can damage or compromise an asset?
Threat
Which term describes any action that could damage an asset?
Threat
Bobbi recently discovered that an email program used within her health care practice was sending sensitive medical information to patients without using encryption. She immediately corrected the problem because it violated the company's security policy and standard rules. What level of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) violation likely took place?
Tier A
Which classification level is the highest level used by the U.S. federal government?
Top Secret
Which of the following items would generally NOT be considered personally identifiable information (PII)?
Trade secret
Which type of cipher works by rearranging the characters in a message?
Transposition
What type of malicious software masquerades as legitimate software to entice the user to run it?
Trojan Horse
Breanne's system was infected by malicious code after she installed an innocent-looking solitaire game that she downloaded from the Internet. What type of malware did she likely encounter?
Trojan horse
How many years of specialized experience are required to earn one of the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) concentrations?
Two
Florian recently purchased a set of domain names that are similar to those of legitimate websites and used the newly purchased sites to host malware. Which type of attack is Florian using?
Typosquatting (URL Hijacking)
What is NOT an effective key distribution method for plaintext encryption keys?
Unencrypted email
What is NOT a typical sign of virus activity on a system?
Unexpected power failures
An attacker attempting to break into a facility pulls the fire alarm to distract the security guard manning an entry point. Which type of social engineering attack is the attacker using?
Urgency
Which one of the following is typically used during the identification phase of a remote access connection?
Username
Bob has a high-volume virtual private network (VPN). He would like to use a device that would best handle the required processing power. What type of device should he use?
VPN concentrator
What is the only unbreakable cipher when it is used properly?
Vernam
Val would like to isolate several systems belonging to the product development group from other systems on the network, without adding new hardware. What technology can she use?
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
Adam is evaluating the security of a web server before it goes live. He believes that an issue in the code allows an SQL injection attack against the server. What term describes the issue that Adam discovered?
Vulnerability
Dawn is selecting an alternative processing facility for her organization's primary data center. She would like to have a facility that balances cost and switchover time. What would be the best option in this situation?
Warm site
Which control is NOT an example of a fault tolerance technique designed to avoid interruptions that would cause downtime?
Warm site
In what software development model does activity progress in a lock-step sequential process where no phase begins until the previous phase is complete?
Waterfall
Yuri is a skilled computer security expert who attempts to break into the systems belonging to his clients. He has permission from the clients to perform this testing as part of a paid contract. What type of person is Yuri?
White-Hat Hacker
Val would like to limit the websites that her users visit to those on an approved list of pre-cleared sites. What type of approach is Val advocating?
Whitelisting
What tool might be used by an attacker during the reconnaissance phase of an attack to glean information about domain registrations?
Whois
Gary is configuring a smartphone and is selecting a wireless connectivity method. Which approach will provide him with the highest speed wireless connectivity?
Wi-Fi
What type of network connects systems over the largest geographic area?
Wide area network (WAN)
What standard is NOT secure and should never be used on modern wireless networks?
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
What wireless security technology contains significant flaws and should never be used?
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
What is NOT a service commonly offered by unified threat Management (UTM) devices?
Wireless network access
Allie is working on the development of a web browser and wants to make sure that the browser correctly implements the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) standard. What organization's documentation should she turn to for the authoritative source of information?
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Which type of attack against a web application uses a newly discovered vulnerability that is not patchable?
Zero-Day Attack
What type of malware does NOT have an anti-malware solution and should be covered in security awareness training?
Zero-day
Forensics and incident response are examples of __________ controls.
corrective
A(n) _________ is an event that prevents a critical business function (CBF) from operating for a period greater than the maximum tolerable downtime.
disaster
Security training programs typically differ from security education programs in their focus on ______________.
hands-on skills
What is NOT one of the four main purposes of an attack?
Data import
Which item in a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy helps resolve intellectual property issues that may arise as the result of business use of personal devices?
Data ownership
Betty receives a ciphertext message from her colleague Tim. What type of function does Betty need to use to read the plaintext message?
Decryption
Which technology can be used to protect the privacy rights of individuals and simultaneously allow organizations to analyze data in aggregate?
Deidentification
What information should an auditor share with the client during an exit interview?
Details of Major Issues
Alice and Bob would like to communicate with each other using a session key but they do not already have a shared secret key. Which algorithm can they use to exchange a secret key?
Diffie-Hellman
Which risk is most effectively mitigated by an upstream Internet service provider (ISP)?
Distributed denial of service (DDoS)
What is the highest level of academic degree that may be earned in the field of information security?
Doctor of philosophy (PhD)
Curtis is conducting an audit of an identity management system. Which question is NOT likely to be in the scope of his audit?
Does the firewall properly block unsolicited network connection attempts?
What a key principle of risk management programs?
Don't spend more to protect an asset than it is worth.
What protocol is responsible for assigning IP addresses to hosts on most networks?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Tonya is working with a team of subject matter experts to diagnose a problem with her system. The experts determine that the problem likely resides at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Which technology is the most likely suspect?
Encryption
Which technology category would NOT likely be the subject of a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)?
Encryption
Which practice is NOT considered unethical under RFC 1087 issued by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB)?
Enforcing the integrity of computer-based information
What is the first step in a disaster recovery effort?
Ensure that everyone is safe.
Which one of the following is an example of a disclosure threat?
Espionage
Which organization creates information security standards that specifically apply within the European Union?
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Cyber Security Technical Committee (TC CYBER)
Barry discovers that an attacker is running an access point in a building adjacent to his company. The access point is broadcasting the security set identifier (SSID) of an open network owned by the coffee shop in his lobby. Which type of attack is likely taking place?
Evil Twin
Which type of attack involves the creation of some deception in order to trick unsuspecting users?
Fabrication
Which one of the following is an example of a direct cost that might result from a business disruption?
Facility Repair
What mathematical problem forms the basis of most modern cryptographic algorithms?
Factoring large primes
Anthony is responsible for tuning his organization's intrusion detection system. He notices that the system reports an intrusion alert each time that an administrator connects to a server using Secure Shell (SSH). What type of error is occurring?
False positive error
What compliance regulation applies specifically to the educational records maintained by schools about students?
Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
What entity is responsible for overseeing compliance with Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?
Family Policy Compliance Office (FPCO)
What is NOT a common motivation for attackers?
Fear
Which of the following agencies is NOT involved in the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) oversight process?
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Erin is a system administrator for a federal government agency. What law contains guidance on how she may operate a federal information system?
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
Which compliance obligation includes security requirements that apply specifically to federal government agencies in the United States?
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
David would like to connect a fibre channel storage device to systems over a standard data network. What protocol can he use?
Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE)
Which control is not designed to combat malware?
Firewalls
Which of the following is NOT an advantage to undertaking self-study of information security topics?
Fixed pace
What type of firewall security feature limits the volume of traffic from individual hosts?
Flood guard
Bob is preparing to dispose of magnetic media and wishes to destroy the data stored on it. Which method is NOT a good approach for destroying data?
Formatting
How many years of post-secondary education are typically required to earn a bachelor's degree in a non-accelerated program?
Four
Jonas is an experienced information security professional with a specialized focus on evaluating computers for evidence of criminal or malicious activity and recovering data. Which GIAC certification would be most appropriate for Jonas to demonstrate his abilities?
GIAC Certified Forensic Examiner (GCFE)
What certification organization began as an offshoot of the SANS Institute training programs?
Global Information Assurance Certification (GIAC)
Which one of the following is NOT a market driver for the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Global adoption of non-IP networking
Which element of the security policy framework offers suggestions rather than mandatory actions?
Guideline
Betsy recently assumed an information security role for a hospital located in the United States. What compliance regulation applies specifically to health care providers?
HIPAA
What type of function generates the unique value that corresponds to the contents of a message and is used to create a digital signature?
Hash
Bob recently accepted a position as the information security and compliance manager for a medical practice. Which regulation is likely to most directly apply to Bob's employer?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Vincent recently went to work for a hospital system. He is reading about various regulations that apply to his new industry. What law applies specifically to health records?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Which one of the following governs the use of Internet of Things (IoT) by health care providers, such as physicians and hospitals?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Which one of the following is an example of a business-to-consumer (B2C) application of the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Health Monitoring
Which unit of measure represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second?
Hertz
With the use of Mobile IP, which device is responsible for keeping track of mobile nodes (MNs) and forwarding packets to the MN's current network?
Home agent (HA)
What type of system is intentionally exposed to attackers in an attempt to lure them out?
Honeypot
Which recovery site option provides readiness in minutes to hours?
Hot site
Terry is troubleshooting a network that is experiencing high traffic congestion issues. Which device, if present on the network, should be replaced to alleviate these issues?
Hub
Gary is troubleshooting a security issue on an Ethernet network and would like to look at the Ethernet standard. What publication should he seek out?
IEEE 802.3
What organization offers a variety of security certifications that are focused on the requirements of auditors?
ISACA
Juan comes across documentation from his organization related to several information security initiatives using different standards as their reference. Which International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard provides current guidance on information security management?
ISO 27002
What is a set of concepts and policies for managing IT infrastructure, development, and operations?
IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
Which one of the following is NOT a good technique for performing authentication of an end user?
Identification number
Adam's company recently suffered an attack where hackers exploited an SQL injection issue on their web server and stole sensitive information from a database. What term describes this activity?
Incident
Gary is sending a message to Patricia. He wants to ensure that nobody tampers with the message while it is in transit. What goal of cryptography is Gary attempting to achieve?
Integrity
Rachel is investigating an information security incident that took place at the high school where she works. She suspects that students may have broken into the student records system and altered their grades. If correct, which one of the tenets of information security did this attack violate?
Integrity
Tim is implementing a set of controls designed to ensure that financial reports, records, and data are accurately maintained. What information security goal is Tim attempting to achieve?
Integrity
Fran is interested in learning more about the popular Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) credential. What organization should she contact?
International Council of E-Commerce Consultants (EC-Council)
Bill is conducting an analysis of a new IT service. He would like to assess it using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and would like to learn more about this framework. What organization should he turn to for the official definition of OSI?
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Which organization promotes technology issues as an agency of the United Nations?
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Yolanda would like to prevent attackers from using her network as a relay point for a smurf attack. What protocol should she block?
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Which organization pursues standards for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and is widely recognized as the authority for creating standards on the Internet?
Internet Engineering Task Force
Which Internet of Things (IoT) challenge involves the difficulty of developing and implementing protocols that allow devices to communicate in a standard fashion?
Interoperability
Which network device is capable of blocking network connections that are identified as potentially malicious?
Intrusion prevention system (IPS)
Jacob is conducting an audit of the security controls at an organization as an independent reviewer. Which question would NOT be part of his audit?
Is the security control likely to become obsolete in the near future?
Which of the following would NOT be considered in the scope of organizational compliance efforts?
Laws
Which type of denial of service attack exploits the existence of software flaws to disrupt a service?
Logic Attack
Which of the following graduate degree programs focuses on managing the process of securing information systems, rather than the technical aspects of information security?
MBA
When should an organization's managers have an opportunity to respond to the findings in an audit?
Managers should include their responses to the draft audit report in the final audit report.
Brian needs to design a control that prevents piggybacking, only allowing one person to enter a facility at a time. What type of control would best meet this need?
Mantraps
Alison retrieved data from a company database containing personal information on customers. When she looks at the SSN field, she sees values that look like this: "XXX-XX-9142." What has happened to these records?
Masking
Helen is an experienced information security professional who earned a four-year degree while a full-time student. She would like to continue her studies on a part-time basis. What is the next logical degree for Helen to earn?
Master's degree
What term describes the longest period of time that a business can survive without a particular critical system?
Maximum tolerable downtime (MTD)
Which one of the following measures the average amount of time that it takes to repair a system, application, or component?
Mean time to repair (MTTR)
Which agreement type is typically less formal than other agreements and expresses areas of common interest?
Memorandum of understanding (MOU)
Which one of the following is an example of a reactive disaster recovery control?
Moving to a warm site
What federal agency is charged with the mission of promoting "U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life?"
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
What federal government agency is charged with the responsibility of creating information security standards and guidelines for use within the federal government and more broadly across industries?
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
What government agency sponsors the National Centers of Academic Excellence (CAE) for the Cyber Operations Program?
National Security Agency (NSA)
Which term accurately describes Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?
Network
What is NOT a commonly used endpoint security technique?
Network Firewall
Which security testing activity uses tools that scan for services running on systems?
Network mapping
Brian would like to conduct a port scan against his systems to determine how they look from an attacker's viewpoint. What tool can he use for this purpose?
Nmap
What level of technology infrastructure should you expect to find in a cold site alternative data center facility?
No technology infrastructure
When Patricia receives a message from Gary, she wants to be able to demonstrate to Sue that the message actually came from Gary. What goal of cryptography is Patricia attempting to achieve?
Nonrepudiation
Beth must purchase firewalls for several network circuits used by her organization. Which one circuit will have the highest possible network throughput?
OC-12 (622 Mbps)
Which of the following allows a certificate authority (CA) to revoke a compromised digital certificate in real time?
Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)
Maria's company recently experienced a major system outage due to the failure of a critical component. During that time period, the company did not register any sales through its online site. Which type of loss did the company experience as a result of lost sales?
Opportunity Cost
Holly would like to run an annual major disaster recovery test that is as thorough and realistic as possible. She also wants to ensure that there is no disruption of activity at the primary site. What option is best in this scenario?
Parallel test
Tony is working with a law enforcement agency to place a wiretap pursuant to a legitimate court order. The wiretap will monitor communications without making any modifications. What type of wiretap is Tony placing?
Passive Wiretap
Brian is the information security training officer for a health care provider. He wants to develop a training program that complies with the provisions of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Which of the following topics must be included?
Password management
Which mitigation plan is most appropriate to limit the risk of unauthorized access to workstations?
Password protection
A hospital is planning to introduce a new point-of-sale system in the cafeteria that will handle credit card transactions. Which one of the following governs the privacy of information handled by those point-of-sale terminals?
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)
Gwen's company is planning to accept credit cards over the Internet. Which one of the following governs this type of activity and includes provisions that Gwen should implement before accepting credit card transactions?
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)
Which regulatory standard would NOT require audits of companies in the United States?
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
A security awareness program that focuses on an organization's Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy is designed to cover the use of what type of equipment?
Personally owned devices
Roger's organization received a mass email message that attempted to trick users into revealing their passwords by pretending to be a help desk representative. What category of social engineering is this an example of?
Phishing
Which element of the security policy framework requires approval from upper management and applies to the entire organization?
Policy
Adam discovers a virus on his system that is using encryption to modify itself. The virus escapes detection by signature-based antivirus software. What type of virus has he discovered?
Polymorphic virus
Matthew captures traffic on his network and notices connections using ports 20, 22, 23, and 80. Which port normally hosts a protocol that uses secure, encrypted connections?
Port 22: Secure Shell (SSH)—SSH is a network protocol for performing remote terminal access to another device. SSH encrypts the data transmission for maintaining confidentiality of communications.
Bob is using a port scanner to identify open ports on a server in his environment. He is scanning a web server that uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Which port should Bob expect to be open to support this service?
Port 80: Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) Port 21: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) Port 443: HTTP over Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Port 23: Telnet
Hilda is troubleshooting a problem with the encryption of data. At which layer of the OSI Reference Model is she working?
Presentation
Violet deploys an intrusion prevention system (IPS) on her network as a security control. What type of control has Violet deployed?
Preventive
Chris is writing a document that provides step-by-step instructions for end users seeking to update the security software on their computers. Performing these updates is mandatory. Which type of document is Chris writing?
Procedure
Which of the following programs requires passing a standardized examination that is based upon a job-task analysis?
Professional certification
Marguerite is creating a budget for a software development project. What phase of the system life cycle is she undertaking?
Project initiation and planning
Which document is the initial stage of a standard under the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) process?
Proposed Standard (PS)
Which tool can capture the packets transmitted between systems over a network?
Protocol Analyzer (Packet Sniffer or just Sniffer)
Christopher is designing a security policy for his organization. He would like to use an approach that allows a reasonable list of activities but does not allow other activities. Which permission level is he planning to use?
Prudent
What type of organizations are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act?
Publicly traded companies
What is NOT a goal of information security awareness programs?
Punish users who violate policy
Beth is conducting a risk assessment. She is trying to determine the impact a security incident will have on the reputation of her company. What type of risk assessment is best suited to this type of analysis?
Qualitative
Which approach to cryptography provides the strongest theoretical protection?
Quantum cryptography
Which data source comes first in the order of volatility when conducting a forensic investigation?
RAM
Which group is the most likely target of a social engineering attack?
Receptionists and Administrative Assistants
Alan is developing a business impact assessment for his organization. He is working with business units to determine the maximum allowable time to recover a particular function. What value is Alan determining?
Recovery time objective (RTO)
Alan is the security manager for a mid-sized business. The company has suffered several serious data losses when mobile devices were stolen. Alan decides to implement full disk encryption on all mobile devices. What risk response did Alan take?
Reduce
What type of malicious software allows an attacker to remotely control a compromised computer?
Remote Access Tool (RAT)
Which activity is an auditor least likely to conduct during the information-gathering phase of an audit?
Report Writing
What type of publication is the primary working product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?
Request for comment (RFC)
What is the correct order of steps in the change control process?
Request, impact assessment, approval, build/test, implement, monitor
Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Security Rule, what type of safeguards must be implemented by all covered entities, regardless of the circumstances?
Required
What term describes the risk that exists after an organization has performed all planned countermeasures and controls?
Residual risk
Which item is an auditor least likely to review during a system controls audit?
Resumes of system administrators
Which of the following is NOT one of the rights afforded to students (or the parents of a minor student) under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?
Right to delete unwanted information from records
Which formula is typically used to describe the components of information security risks?
Risk = Threat X Vulnerability
What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4016?
Risk Analysts
George is the risk manager for a U.S. federal government agency. He is conducting a risk assessment for that agency's IT risk. What methodology is best suited for George's use?
Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems (NIST SP800-30)
Earl is preparing a risk register for his organization's risk management program. Which data element is LEAST likely to be included in a risk register?
Risk Survey Results
What is NOT a symmetric encryption algorithm?
Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA)
Taylor is preparing to submit her company's Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) self-assessment questionnaire. The company uses a payment application that is connected to the Internet but does not conduct e-commerce. What self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) should she use?
SAQ C
Emily is the information security director for a large company that handles sensitive personal information. She is hiring an auditor to conduct an assessment demonstrating that her firm is satisfying requirements regarding customer private data. What type of assessment should she request?
SOC 3
Bob is developing a web application that depends upon a database backend. What type of attack could a malicious individual use to send commands through his web application to the database?
SQL injection
In what type of attack does the attacker send unauthorized commands directly to a database?
SQL injection
What is NOT one of the three tenets of information security?
Safety
What firewall approach is shown in the figure?
Screen subnet
Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental principles outlined by the Internet Society that will drive the success of Internet of Things (IoT) innovation?
Secure
Gina is preparing to monitor network activity using packet sniffing. Which technology is most likely to interfere with this effort if used on the network?
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
Isaac is responsible for performing log reviews for his organization in an attempt to identify security issues. He has a massive amount of data to review. What type of tool would best assist him with this work?
Security information and event management (SIEM) - Software and devices that assist in collecting, storing, and analyzing the contents of log files.
From a security perspective, what should organizations expect will occur as they become more dependent upon the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Security risks will increase.
Helen has no experience in security. She would like to earn a certification that demonstrates that she has the basic knowledge necessary to work in the information security field. What certification would be an appropriate first step for her?
Security+
Which scenario presents a unique challenge for developers of mobile applications?
Selecting multiple items from a list
Which of the following study options provides little to no opportunity for feedback?
Self-study programs
What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4012?
Senior System Manager
Karen is designing a process for issuing checks and decides that one group of users will have the authority to create new payees in the system while a separate group of users will have the authority to issue checks to those payees. The intent of this control is to prevent fraud. Which principle is Karen enforcing?
Separation of duties
Biyu is making arrangements to use a third-party service provider for security services. She wants to document a requirement for timely notification of security breaches. What type of agreement is most likely to contain formal requirements of this type?
Service level agreement (SLA)
In which type of attack does the attacker attempt to take over an existing connection between two systems?
Session Hijacking
Gwen is investigating an attack. An intruder managed to take over the identity of a user who was legitimately logged in to Gwen's company's website by manipulating Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers. Which type of attack likely took place?
Session hijacking
Which intrusion detection system strategy relies upon pattern matching?
Signature Detection
As a follow-up to her annual testing, Holly would like to conduct quarterly disaster recovery tests that introduce as much realism as possible but do not require the use of technology resources. What type of test should Holly conduct?
Simulation Test
Barbara is investigating an attack against her network. She notices that the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo replies coming into her network far exceed the ICMP echo requests leaving her network. What type of attack is likely taking place?
Smurf Smurf attack - A network attack in which forged Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets are sent to IP broadcast addresses from remote locations to generate DoS attacks.
Kaira's company recently switched to a new calendaring system provided by a vendor. Kaira and other users connect to the system, hosted at the vendor's site, using a web browser. Which service delivery model is Kaira's company using?
Software as a Service (SaaS)
The CEO of Kelly's company recently fell victim to an attack. The attackers sent the CEO an email informing him that his company was being sued and he needed to view a subpoena at a court website. When visiting the website, malicious code was downloaded onto the CEO's computer. What type of attack took place?
Spear phishing
Users throughout Alison's organization have been receiving unwanted commercial messages over the organization's instant messaging program. What type of attack is taking place?
Spim
Which element of the IT security policy framework provides detailed written definitions for hardware and software and how they are to be used?
Standard
What is NOT an area where the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) provides oversight on behalf of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?
Subject matter expertise on routing and switching
Joe is responsible for the security of the industrial control systems for a power plant. What type of environment does Joe administer?
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
What type of network device normally connects directly to endpoints and uses MAC-based filtering to limit traffic flows?
Switch
Which set of characteristics describes the Caesar cipher accurately?
Symmetric, stream, substitution
What is NOT generally a section in an audit report?
System configurations
Which type of virus targets computer hardware and software startup functions?
System infector
What type of security monitoring tool would be most likely to identify an unauthorized change to a computer system?
System integrity monitoring
Ben is working toward a position as a senior security administrator and would like to earn his first International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC)2 certification. Which certification is most appropriate for his needs?
Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)
Which one of the following is an advantage that the Internet of Things (IoT) brings to economic development for countries?
Technical and industry development
Which one of the following is NOT an example of store-and-forward messaging?
Telephone call
Purchasing an insurance policy is an example of the ____________ risk management strategy.
transfer
Which element is NOT a core component of the ISO 27002 standard?
Cryptography
Alan withdraws cash from an ATM belonging to Bank X that is coming from his account with Bank Y. What is Alan's relationship with Bank Y?
Customer
Larry recently viewed an auction listing on a website. As a result, his computer executed code that popped up a window that asked for his password. What type of attack has Larry likely encountered?
Cross-site scripting (XSS)
What program, released in 2013, is an example of ransomware?
Crypt0L0cker
In Mobile IP, what term describes a device that would like to communicate with a mobile node (MN)?
Correspondent node (CN)
Maya is creating a computing infrastructure compliant with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). What type of information is she most likely trying to protect?
Credit card information
Which one of the following is NOT an area of critical infrastructure where the Internet of Things (IoT) is likely to spur economic development in less developed countries?
E-commerce
What type of security communication effort focuses on a common body of knowledge?
Education