Final Exam Chapter 10 Study Guide

Goal-setting theory of motivation suggests that ________.

setting goals is an effective way to motivate employees

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following are self-actualization needs?

A person's need to become what he or she is capable of becoming. At the top of Maslow's hierarchy is self-actualization-the need to become everything one can be.

Reinforcement theory suggests that managers can motivate employees by shaping their actions through ________.

Behavior Modification

In a workplace setting, motivation can be assessed by measuring four indicators:

Commitment, engagement, satisfaction, and rootedness.

Cross-training involves expanding the scope of an individual job.

False Cross-training refers to training workers to perform multiple jobs and rotating them through these various jobs to combat boredom or burnout.

Frederick W. Taylor's scientific management approach focused on intrinsic motivational elements, such as opportunities for personal satisfaction.

False Scientific management is a management approach designed to improve employees' efficiency by scientifically studying their work.

Theory X-oriented managers believe that most employees are motivated by intrinsic rewards.

False Theory X refers to the managerial assumption that employees are irresponsible, are unambitious, and dislike work and that managers must use force, control, or threats to motivate them.

Motivation

Motivation refers to the combination of forces that moves individuals to take certain actions and avoid other actions.

John stayed late in order to finish a project. When his manager found the completed project on her desk, she immediately sent John an email praising his good work and thanking him for going the extra mile. In this example, John's manager uses ________.

Positive Reinforcement Positive reinforcement refers to encouraging desired behaviors by offering pleasant consequences for completing or repeating those behaviors.

According to Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following factors acts as a motivator?

Responsibility In Herzberg's two-factor theory, motivators are associated with satisfying experiences. Motivators tend to be intrinsic and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and other personally rewarding factors.

At the top of Maslow's hierarchy is self-actualization need.

True

Goals that are specific enough to give employees clarity and focus can function as effective motivators.

True

Micromanagement refers to overseeing every small detail of employees' work and refusing to give them freedom or autonomy.

True

Motivation is a deeply personal phenomenon.

True Motivation is the combination of forces that move individuals to take certain actions and avoid other actions.

Frederick Herzberg

________ proposed a model that divides motivational forces into satisfiers ("motivators") and dissatisfiers ("hygiene factors").