Final Exam

universal recipient

AB

The posterior pituitary gland releases

ADH

assists in moving venous blood back to the heart

Contraction of skeletal muscles, One-way valves in the veins, Changing pressure in the chest caused by breathing

Atomic mass

Number of protons and neutrons

universal donor

O

sequence for conducting system:

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers

The thyroid gland releases

T3 and T4, calcitonin

If one side of DNA molecule is ATCCGTAATC, the other side of the DNA molecule would be

TAGGCATTAG

A thrombus is:

a clot which stays where it is formed

A synapse is:

a gap between neurons, crossed by a chemical, and separates the axon end of one neuron from the dendrite of the next

An efferent neuron carries impulses in the direction opposite that of:

a sensory/afferent neuron

The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called:

a threshold stimulus

Glucagon:

accelerates liver glyocogenolysis

The thin myofilament of the skeletal muscle is the

actin

The word derived from the two Greek words meaning "a cutting up" is

anatomy

When the left ventricle contracts, it pushes blood thru a valve to the

aorta

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

arteries

The red blood cell

assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs, contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen, has a unique shape to increase surface area

Hyoid bone is part of which skeleton

axial skeleton

Intercalated disks are found in

cardiac muscle

The smallest living unit of structure is considered to be at the

cellular level

The correct sequence of the level of organization is

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ

Cartilage cells are called

chondrocytes

The placenta releases

chorionic gonadotropins, progesterone, and estrogen

The urinary system does not:

clean the blood of digestive waste products

The right and left sides of the cerebrum are connected by the

corpus callosum

List the functions of a membrane

cover and protect the body surface, secrete a fluid to reduce the friction of the beating heart, line cavities of the body

QRS complex represents

depolarization of the ventricles

The hollow shaft of a long bone is called the

diaphysis

The knee is an example of a

diarthritic joint

Using the maintaining of a constant temperature in a building as an example of a feedback loop, the furnace would be an example of a(n)

effector

The innermost layer of the heart is called the

endocardium

The lock and key model is used to describe the functioning of

enzymes

As long as this is present in a bone, bone growth can continue

epiphysial plate

Stratified squamous tissue is an example of

epithelial tissue

Another term for red blood cells:

erythrocytes

Liver cells and muscle cells are able to store chains of glucose in a molecule called

glycogen

The visible part of the hair is called

hair shaft

A resting neuron:

has a slight positive charge on the exterior

The muscle attachment to a more movable bone is called a

insertion

The electrical connectors between heart muscle cells are called

intercalated disks

Which of the following is not a subatomic particle that makes up an atom?

ion

The pericardium:

is a sac surrounding the heart, outer layer called parietal pericardium, inner layer called epicardium

The anterior pituitary gland

is called the adenohypophysis

The muscle contracts and shortens and the insertion end moves toward the point of origin. This sentence describes

isotonic contractions

Which is not a characteristic of a steroid hormone?

it uses cAMP as a secondary messenger

The humerus is an example of a

long bone

An example of a negative feedback loop

maintaining proper body temperature

The heart is located

mostly to the left of the midline of the sternum, with the apex slightly below the clavicle

Trabeculae are

needlelike threads of spongy bone

The tissue connected and supported by glia cells are

nervous tissue

The two types of cells found in the nervous system are

neurons and glia cells

This subatomic particle is found in the nucleus of an atom

neutron and proton

Second messengers are important in the functioning of

nonsteroid hormones

The structure that controls most activities of the cell

nucleus

Cells that produce myelin for the cells of the brain and spinal cord are

oligodendrocytes

Bone forming cells are called

osteoblasts

The membrane lining the interior of the thoracic cavity is called

parietal pleura

The two principal divisions that make up the nervous system are the:

peripheral and central

The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of

phospholipid molecules, cholesterol molecules and protein molecules

The study of how the body functions is called

physiology

Which of the following transport processes require energy?

pinocytosis

Describe the layers of blood after it has been centrifuged

plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

Aldosterone has an impact on the concentration of which substance in the blood?

potassium and sodium

The primary function of the integumentary system is

protection of underlying structures

List the functions of the skin

protection, temperature regulation, sense organ for the body

The endocrine system consists of glands that:

release chemicals into the blood

The organelles that are the "protein factories" for the cell are the

ribosomes

Tricuspid valve is located between

right atrium and right ventricle

The basic contractile unit of muscle is

sarcomere

The glands that produce oil that lubricates the hair and skin are the

sebaceous glands

The pacemaker for the heart is usually the

sinoatrial node

Striations are found in

skeletal and cardiac muscle

Voluntary movement occurs when

skeletal muscle contracts

The somatic nervous system controls actions of

skeletal muscles

An example of a cutaneous membrane would be

skin

When a section of the resting neuron is stimulated,

sodium ions rush into the cell, the interior of the cell becomes slightly positive

Blood pressure is highest in aorta and lowest in

superior/inferior vena cava

The association of sensation with emotion occurs in the:

thalamus

When muscle contraction occurs:

the Z lines are pulled closer together

When a muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus, it contracts completely. This is called

the all-or-none law

The nervous system performs the same general function as

the endocrine system

Which of the following is true of enzymes?

they function of a lock and key model, they are functional proteins, they are catalysts

The section of the vertebral column that contains the most vertebrae is the

thoracic section

This molecule is found in DNA but not RNA

thymine

Protein synthesis consists of the process of

translation and transcription

Which of the following is not a muscle that moves the lower extremities? sartorius, trapezius, iliopsoas, gracilis

trapezius, shoulder muscle

The first heart sound is the closing of the

tricuspid and mitral valves

Ionic bonds:

usually dissolve in water, produce ions when dissolved in water, are formed by ions of opposite charge

One-way valves are found in which blood vessels?

veins

The membrane covering the organs of the abdomen is called

visceral peritoneum

In a hydrolysis reaction

water is a reactant

If a blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution:

water will enter the cell

If a blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution

water will leave the cell and it will crenate

The main difference between active and passive transportation is

whether or not cell energy is required