FINAL EXAM FT-8 Chapter 9-15

How is the cutting edge of a U-bolt hoe sharpened?

Filing the bevel edge at a 45-degree angle, sloping away from the handle

As a part of fire cause determination, you should look for _____ while responding to a fire.

vehicles or people in unlikely places

When we are watching our surroundings, we often see:

what we want to see, not what is really happening.

What should be considered the last element of fire prevention?

Law enforcement

What is a responsibility of the Logistics Section?

Providing services and supporting the needs of an incident, including obtaining and maintaining essential personnel, facilities, equipment, and supplies

What item must accompany any commercial load and will tell you what the material is and its hazards level?

Shipping papers

What does the term "relief" mean in map reading?

The difference in elevations in a local area, or the general shape of the terrain

What allows all agencies that have jurisdictional or functional responsibility for part of the incident to jointly develop a common set of incident objectives and strategies?

Unified Command

It is estimated that 90 percent of the structures that are lost to an advancing wildland fire are lost because of:

a lack of adequate clearance from flammable fuels.

A Strike Team is a combination of a designated number of the same kind and type of resources with common communications, and:

a leader.

As an incident develops, the number of divisions will also increase, and if more than five divisions are required, you may need to establish:

branches.

The two basic reasons to evacuate are, 1) to move residents out of the harms way, and 2) to:

clear the area so that firefighting personal can move about more freely.

On topographical maps, the vertical dimension is indicated by:

contour lines.

What is considered the minimum safe distance between personnel when working with hand tools on the fireline?

10 feet

In the United States Public Land Survey, each 24 square mile area formed by intersecting latitude and longitude lines is broken into:

16 township-range units.

Because it is impossible to go farther north or south than the poles, no latitude value ever exceeds _____ degrees.

90

What term describes an intermix condition of a wildland/urban area?

A condition where structures are scattered throughout a wildland area, normally not in an urban community

In the Incident Command System, what is the difference between a deputy and an assistant?

A deputy is fully qualified to manage the function of his/her superior; an assistant is a helper or a subordinate.

What is a general guideline for ensuring that the best person for an assignment is chosen?

A firefighter with more experience may do a better job than a chief with less experience.

What is the difference between a helibase and a helispot?

A helibase is the main location for parking, fueling, maintaining and loading helicopters; a helispot is a temporary location where helicopters can safely operate.

As you are inspecting a property, what should you recommend that homeowners keep available to protect their home?

A ladder that allows them to safely get onto the roof

What is a commonly used fire map symbol that indicates a planned fire line?

A line of dashes

What is a the proper way to use a fusee?

A lit fusee that is no longer needed should be extinguished by sticking the tip in loose dirt.

What is a "turn down"?

A situation in which personnel do not undertake an assignment because of undue risk to safety

What is the difference between a task force and a strike team?

A task force is any combination of resources grouped to accomplish a specific task; a strike team is a set number and type of resources.

Which of the following is provided in the Incident Action Plan?

A way to measure progress and accountability

Which special tactic for protecting structures is most effective in urban neighborhoods where the fire fuel is predominately structures and is intended to prevent house-to-house ignition?

Anchor and Hold

What describes what type of emergency events ICS can be used for?

Any emergency event

Where might wildland firefighters discover methamphetamine labs?

Nearly anywhere

Why are most wildland fires preventable?

Because they are caused by careless human activity

How can you identify ridgelines using contour lines found on topographical maps?

By long ovals

What is a guideline for using a drip torch?

Carry the torch on the downhill side to prevent personal burns

What are the most efficient but dangerous tools used to fell trees?

Chain saws

What are the key elements of the education component of a fire prevention program?

Changing attitudes and behavior, and creating an awareness of fire prevention

The first responsibility of the Planning Section is to:

Check in all of the resources.

In places where contour lines are too close together and are replaced with hachures, what type of terrain feature will you find?

Cliffs

What actions are involved in the special tactic "Check and Go" for protecting structures?

Conducting a quick assessment of a structure and checking for occupants; ask any occupants to evacuate and move on.

What is a common problem that occurs with managing a fire that moves from small to large?

Crews do not get out of initial attack mode.

What is the first step in developing a fire prevention plan?

Determine what the specific risks and hazards are

What is an example of the engineering component of a fire prevention program?

Development of fire codes and regulations

What is a guideline for using water during structure protection?

Do not hook up to a hydrant except to refill.

What is considered the correct method for using a swatter?

Dragging it directly on the fire's edge

What action should be taken if a structure is deemed "Defensible" as part of structure triage?

Engine company can either stage there or move on and check back after the fire has passed.

What are considered initial actions that should be taken immediately after size-up at a wildland/urban interface fire?

Establish a staging area as soon as you can.

What does the last "E" stand for in the D.E.C.I.D.E. Process?

Evaluate

What is a FireWise recommendation for protecting homes against burning brands?

Every spring, or as necessary, remove all debris from the roof and gutters.

What fire prevention terms describes the resources or properties or lives that would be threatened by a fire?

Exposures

What are the first areas on a house to check if the fire is some distance from the structure but flying brands are a problem?

Flammable roof material and debris

What is an example of identifying one of your action options as a part of the D.E.C.I.D.E. Process?

Immediately withdrawing from the area if a life threatening hazard exists

What describes the D.E.C.I.D.E. Process?

It helps you execute the decision making process.

What is a consideration for establishing a Staging Area? Correct!

It should be clearly marked.

What is a general guideline about fireline construction?

It's safest to build firelines at night, and they must be held and reinforced during the day.

Ideally, what is a rule of thumb for assigning engines in the structure threat zone?

One engine per structure in the zone with one additional engine for every four to be used to patrol the area

What is a consideration when sizing up the need for evacuation at a wildland/urban interface fire?

Only law enforcement personnel have the authority to order an evacuation.

What will likely make a structure difficult to save in a wildland fire?

Ornamental trees and brushes next to the structure

What is a recommended standard for burning debris in wildland areas?

Piles should be kept small, no more than 4 feet high and 4 feet around.

What is the line on a map that converges at the poles and from which measurements are made?

Prime meridian

Which member of the Command Staff may exercise emergency authority to directly stop actions on scene?

Safety Officer

What is the intended use of the McLeod tool?

Scraping and raking

What will typically require the most time to protect?

Structures in timbered areas

What does "splitting the head" mean?

Suppression action stops the head, but the flanks flare up and create two new heads

What is the ICS term for a combination of single resources assembled for a particular tactical need?

Task Force

What is "defensible space" in wildland fire fighting?

The cleared area between the structure and wildland vegetation that may save the home if no fire fighting personnel are present

Under the Incident Command System, who is the only person that can change the status of a resource?

The person who controls it

What does it mean that ICS has a "modular organization"?

The size and complexity of the incident dictates how the various functions will be staffed.

What is the quickest way to identify gasoline, diesel, ammonia, or chlorine when in the field?

They all have distinct smells.

What is most likely to lead a drip torch to exploding?

Too much gasoline in the fuel

When discussing fire prevention, what would be considered a "hazard"?

Trash

In wildland firefighting, the reality is that most accidents are the result of:

a change in weather that changed a fire's behavior.

Which statement about groups and divisions is accurate?

When a functional group is working within a division, the two supervisors must coordinate their activities.

What is a general guideline for carrying tools in a wildland environment?

When you pass the tool to another firefighter, always pass it handle first.

What is one of the first questions that you should ask yourself if you are faced with a hazardous materials incident?

Will my involvement favorably change the outcome?

The term "declination" that is often found on the margin of a map refers to the:

adjustment in readings between where the compass says north is and where it actually is.

Carry each tool at its _____ to improve control and reduce fatigue.

balance point

In the Incident Command System, divisions are used to:

divide the incident geographically.

If you see unexploded ordnance:

do not move or remove anything close to the ordnance.

The purpose of a fire prevention program is to:

eliminate or reduce risk and hazards.

When managing large fires, it is important to remember that:

fire follows some general rules, but fires can and do violate these rules.

Using a gunny sack works best when:

firefighting in short grass with short flame lengths.

Of the several methods used to determine or measure distances on a map, the _____ _____ method is the easiest.

graphic scale

All axes should be:

held with a firm, flexible grip on the handle

If you believe you have discovered an illegal drug lab, or the site of an abandoned lab, you should:

immediately notify local law enforcement.

A Pulaski tool:

is a combination cutting/grubbing tool.

An accurate description of the Incident Command System (ICS) is that it:

is an "all-risk" operating system that can be adapted to fit any type and size of incident.

One unique feature of the public land survey is that it:

is the only geographic coordinate system that you can find on the ground.

If you feel you are involved in a hazardous materials incident, do not enter the immediate hazard area, but do what you can to:

isolate the area.

If the scale of a map is represented by a statement in words and figures:

it will likely use a phrase such as "1 inch equals 1 mile."

After life safety, the priority of wildland structural fire protection is to:

keep the fire from leaving the area of origin.

The distance that a point is north or south of the equator is called its:

latitude.

The key to managing massive fires or large complexes is to:

lay out overall direction, delegate, and let your people do what they do best.

If you are asked to be involved in a prescribed fire, this means that the fire is:

lit on purpose to meet a specific goal.

If the proposed action cannot be done _____, the action must be scrapped.

safely

All interior attacks made during structure protection must be:

made by firefighters who are in full turnouts and breathing apparatus.

The contour lines on a topographical map will:

never cross or touch each other.

The three fire behavior conditions that you must track all the time during size-up of wildland/urban interface fires are the rate of spread, how long the fuels will continue to burn, and:

number of firebrands.

On a grass fire, a firefighter with a manual backpack pump should direct the stream of water:

parallel to the fire's edge in a sweeping motion.

Dr. Gordon Graham's statement on safety says that "If it is predictable, it is:

preventable.

In order to aid in fire cause determination, once you arrive at the fire scene you should:

protect the area of origin, if evident, from everyone including firefighters.

If you face a wildland/urban interface condition in which numerous structures are already involved or threatened, you must:

remain mobile and will have to triage structures.

When protecting structures and encountering a situation in which spotting is the immediate problem, you should:

remain mobile, survey all assigned areas, and lay lines only when necessary.

Any tool that cannot be repaired or is unsafe to use should be: put into reserve.

removed from service and flagged.

If you as an individual firefighter on scene see something that others may not have seen, you should:

report it to your supervisor.

In determining the flammability of homes that may be threatened by wildland fire, the most critical part of a home is its:

roof covering.

You should consider abandoning your effort to protect a structure when the:

roof is more than one fourth involved in windy conditions, and other structures are threatened or involved.

The ICS is an organizational scheme that outlines chain of command, lines of authority and responsibility, and:

span of control.

A distinct V shape found in contour lines of a topographical map will indicate a:

stream.

The purpose of a trigger point is to:

take action automatically once a certain point is reached.

When sizing-up fuels on wildland/urban interface fires, remember that:

the threat of a grass fire will normally be short.

The span of control within the Incident Command System typically ranges from:

three to seven.

Situational awareness is a combination of learned knowledge, experience on the fire ground, gathering new information about what is happening around you, and:

understanding the rules of engagement.