Final Gov Exam

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After you are arrested and taken to jail, you must appear before a judge and be told what charges you are being accused of and reminded of your right to an attorney and right to remain silent. What is this process called?

arraignment

If you were wrongfully convicted and exonerated, the Timothy Cole Act requires that the state pays you __________________ per year you wrongfully spent in prison.

$80,000

Reforms in the criminal justice process include

-financial compensation for people wrongfully convicted. -changes to suspect lineups so that the police officer in charge of the lineup does not know who the actual suspect is. -expanding drug treatment programs -showing photos in photo identifications to witnesses sequentially rather than at the same time to reduce the danger of witnesses comparing photos and choosing the one that best fits their memory of the assailant

People have been wrongfully convicted in Texas because of

-police misconduct -bad or outdated forensic science. -mistaken identifications. -prosecutorial misconduct.

District attorneys may have the most important roles in the criminal justice process because

-they have the power to charge people with crimes. -they have the power to plea bargain with defendants -they usually make the only presentation before grand juries

The most prison-prone group in society is between the ages of

20 and 29.

In the Texas criminal justice system, crimes are classified as felonies or misdemeanors.

True

Police departments are now required to report officer-involved shootings to the state.

True

Which of the following is true?

People convicted of capital crimes are not eligible for parole

Which of the following statements about plea bargaining is true?

Plea bargains are made by defendants with district attorneys and agreed to by a judge

In Texas, the legal standard of proof "beyond a reasonable doubt" is used in which type(s) of cases?

both felony and misdemeanor cases

The most serious felony is ________, for which the penalty can be death or life imprisonment without parole.

capital murder

What are plea bargains used to do?

clear a crowded district court docket by negotiating guilty pleas in criminal cases

Probation costs are

considerably less than prison costs.

It is often quite difficult for people to readjust to life after prison because

family members may have moved, died, or cut off communications, thereby removing a support network.

________ is a punishment where, instead of a jail or prison sentence, an offender remains in the community with the understanding that the offender will meet certain requirements that are imposed by the court.

Probation

The agency responsible for licensing peace officers is the

Texas Commission on Law Enforcement.

When thinking about the total number of people in state prisons across the United States, which of the following is true?

Texas has more people incarcerated in its state prisons than any other state.

A major criticism of the grand jury is that it

usually hears only what the prosecutor chooses to let it hear

For which type of offenses are Texas prison inmates most likely to be imprisoned?

violent

The Texas prison system

was vastly affected by a federal court decision, Ruiz v. Estelle, which declared that the overcrowded system was unconstitutional.

Constitutional carry

would not require gun training classes or any licensing process before someone could legally carry a weapon in public.

Texas has more verified ______________ than any other state.

wrongful convictions

If you are convicted of a misdemeanor in Texas,

you retain your right to vote and possess a weapon.

In the state of Texas, which race/ethnicity is most likely to be on death row today?

African American

An advance in which technology has conclusively proved the innocence of a large number of convicted people is

DNA analysis

Which of the following pro-death penalty arguments is not featured in the learning simulation "Debating the Death Penalty in Texas?"

The death penalty is not "cruel and unusual punishment" and is consequently constitutional.

The licensing of police officers in Texas is regulated by the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement. How are the nine members of this commission selected?

They are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Senate.

Even if you are not sentenced to jail time, how is your freedom of movement restricted if you are convicted of a drug-related offense?

Your driver's license is suspended for six months. You have the option to go to court to get an occupational driver's license, but then you have to get an expensive high-risk SR-22 car insurance policy.

Today, the Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates the prison system. Who runs this agency?

a nine-member board that is appointed by the governor

Probation refers to

a suspension of the jail or prison sentence

Money that is provided by the defendant to ensure his or her appearance in court is referred to as a court fee.

bail.

Officer-involved shootings in Texas

create questions of racial bias in the use of violence by police.

Grand juries

determine if there is probable cause to prosecute an individual for a crime.

The most serious crimes are classified as

felonies

A serious criminal offense that subjects a person to state prison punishment is a(n)

felony.

If sentenced by a judge to probation, you would most likely have to do which of the following?

have a steady job, report to your probation officer on a regular basis, abstain from drug and alcohol use, and pay any fines or restitution

The death penalty

is imposed by a majority vote of the Texas Board of Pardons and Parole.

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice

is run by a nine-member board appointed by the governor

One important requirement of the Sandra Bland Act is that

jail deaths must be investigated by an independent agency.

Indigent defendants charged with serious crimes in Texas

most commonly are represented by assigned counsel.

How are people selected to serve on grand juries in Texas?

through a random selection process


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