FINAL HN CHPT 11-19

A pre-competition snack should provide how much carbohydrate per kilogram of body weight?

1 to 4 grams

According to the American College of Sports Medicine, a dietary protein intake of ________ may be necessary for athletes engaged in regular moderate- and high-intensity physical activity.

1.2 to 2.0 grams/kg body weight/day

What is the RDA for calcium in older adults?

1200 mg/day

Minimally, how many day(s) per week should muscle strengthening be done?

2

The preconception period is ________ window of time before pregnancy.

3-month

Infant iron stores are typically exhausted by ________ of age and need to be replaced by their diet.

4 to 6 months

During the first year of life, the infant increases in length by ________% over what it was at birth.

50

How long do various professioal organizations suggest to exclusievly breastfeed for?

6 months

Most infants begin to drink from a cup around the ages of ________ months.

8-10

Which of the following persons is in a state of negative energy balance?

A 22-year-old man who consumes 1900 kcal/day and is losing weight

________ are poisonous substances produced by certain molds that can cause liver damage and death.

Aflatoxins

Which of the following groups of Americans has the highest risk of hypertension?

African Americans

Matt is having his body fat assessed by ________, a technique that requires a large device called the BOD POD.

Air displacement

Carey skips breakfast and eats only organic foods. Before exams, she avoids eating anything that is "alive" or "had a face" while it was alive. Her BMI is 21.6 and she seems to be healthy. Based on this information, Carey is at risk of developing ________.

An eating disorder

Most people who suffer from anorexia nervosa ________.

Are females

Elena recently found out that she is pregnant and wants to know if she can continue her regular daily physical activity routine. Which of the following recommendations might you make to Elena in terms of physical activity during pregnancy?

Avoid maximal load strength training

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for hypertension?

Being overweight or obese

Eating when one is not hungry as well as eating until uncomfortably full are both common signs of this eating disorder .

Binge-eating disorder

Which of the following body fat assessment techniques relies on the principle that water and electrolytes conduct electricity?

Bioelectrical impedance

Which of the following foods is the best source of chromium?

Broccoli

Eric's waist circumference is 42 inches. Based on this information, he has a high risk of ________.

Cardiovascular disease

This mineral can contribute to hypertension when consumed in excess

Chloride

Compared to infant formulas, human milk is a rich source of ________.

Cholesterol

Which of the following minerals enhances the action of insulin?

Chromium

During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________.

Colostrum

The point at which a woman's egg is fertilized by a sperm and pregnancy begins is known as _______.

Conception

________ is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

Cytochrome

Dehydration can cause ________.

Death

The ________ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer.

Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

Alex is a collegiate soccer play who typically plays the entire 90-minute match for his team. How much fluid should Alex consume after his matches?

Drink 1.25 to 1.5 L of fluid for every kilogram of body weight lost during exercise

The fetus accumulates most of its body fat and mineral stores ________.

During the third trimester

Which federal agency is responsible for overseeing the quality of drinking water?

EPA

Chloride is involved in all of the following body functions EXCEPT ________.

Energy metabolism

________ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

________ is the major storage form of iron in the body.

Ferritin

Which of the following nutrients helps the body maintain normal fluid balance?

Fluoride

Magnesium is involved in all of the following body functions EXCEPT ________.

Formation of red blood cells

The most dependable and abundant source of iodide in the American diet is

Fortified salt

Which of the following foods is not a good source of calcium?

Fried chicken

What can an individual do to see if their genes have a greater influence on their weight?

Get a genetic risk score

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of ________ in the United States.

Goiter

Which of the following statements is false?

Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland and is a result of cancer

Ashley's BMI is 23.7. Based on this information, her weight is in the ________ range.

Healthy (normal)

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile. According to this information, Mario's weight is ________.

Healthy for his age

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ________.

Heat to kill pathogens

In order to build up maximum stores of muscle glycogen for long-distance marathons, one should consume a ________ diet.

High-carbohydrate

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an intentional food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

Which of the following statements is true? (pregnancy)

Human milk naturally contains antibodies and immune cells that are not in infant formulas.

The body absorbs and uses ________ for synthesizing thyroid hormone.

Iodide

Emma consumes dairy products, but she does not eat meat, fish, eggs or poultry. She eats some vegetables and fruits, but she avoids beans, breads, and cereal products. Based on this information, her diet lacks adequate ________.

Iron

Which of the following is an example of a trace mineral?

Iron

Clint is 82 years of age. Compared to when he was 27 years of age, his ________ now.

Kidney cells don't function as well

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

Loss the extrusion reflex

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

Low iron

High amounts of ________, especially from supplements, can cause diarrhea.

Magnesium

Sulfur is a component of which two amino acids?

Methionine and cysteine

In iron-deficiency anemia, the red blood cells are usually classified as

Microcytic and hypochromic

Which of the following is not a factor that are related to the mother's health during pregnancy?

Mother's daily exercise regimen during pregnancy

Which of the following animals is an example of a vermin?

Mouse

________ refers to a condition in which people with type 1 diabetes manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injections or using less insulin than prescribed.

Muscle dysmorphia

The movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called ________.

Osmosis

In the United States, milk and juice often go through a process called ________. In this process, heat is used to kill pathogens and spoilage organisms in liquid food items.

Pasteurizations

Which of the following foods is the best source of phosphorus per serving?

Plain, low-fat yogurt

The major health risk from frequent vomiting due to bulimia nervosa is ________.

Potassium imbalance

Lanelle is 5 months pregnant. Recently, she gained several pounds rapidly, and as a result, her face is "puffy" and her hands are swollen. Her physician is very concerned, because Lanelle's blood pressure has risen to a dangerous level. Based on this information, Lanelle probably has ________.

Preeclampsia

When an athlete takes branched-chain amino acids he or she can expect all of the following effects EXCEPT ________.

Preventing dehydration

Typical treatment for eating disorders includes ________.

Professional counseling

Which of the following is not considered a key function of zinc?

Proper function of the immune system

________ is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat.

Sarcopenic obesity

Christine loves to eat Brazil nuts and canned oysters. These food items are rich sources of ________.

Selenium

________ toxicity can damage the nervous system and cause symptoms that resemble Parkinson's disease.

Selenium

Pickled foods, canned soups, soy sauce, and deli (luncheon) meats contain high amounts of ________.

Sodium

________ is classified as a major mineral.

Sodium

This type of stretching involves holding the position for a certain period of time.

Static

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her ________ now.

Stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

Which of the following factors contributes to an increase in a person's BMR?

Stress

To counteract the binge, the bulimic patient may ________.

Take laxatives, over-exercise, induce vomiting

Reduced ________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

Thirst sensation

________ is a foodborne roundworm that cause parasitic infections from infected pork.

Trichinella spiralis

________ typically occurs around abdominal organs and in the omentum, an apron-like structure that hangs over the stomach and intestines.

Visceral fat

A deficiency of which vitamin would be common following bariatric surgery.

Vitamin B-12

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Vitamin B-12

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women?

Vitamin D

________ is a federal program that provides funds to state governments to help specific populations obtain certain supplemental foods and nutrition education.

WIC

A young man in a rural Iranian village eats very little meat and dairy products, but his diet contains a lot of unleavened whole-grain flat bread. He is very short for his age; his sexual organs are not fully developed; his intelligence is lower than normal; and he suffers from iron-deficiency anemia. Based on this information, the man probably has a(n) ________ deficiency.

Zinc

Which answer would result in a higher success rate for treating individuals with an eating disorders?

a multidisciplinary approach involving medical specialists as well as family members.

According to the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, ________.

an additive that was in use and deemed safe prior to 1958 was placed on the GRAS list

Thomas often describes his body shape as an "apple shape," also known as ________.

central-body obesity

The difference between physical activity and exercise is ________.

exercise is planned and purpposeful.

The milk produced first during a feeding is called _____ and is rich in ____.

foremilk, lactose

Risk factors for eating disorders include ________.

having a history of frequent attempts to lose weight

People who have bulimia nervosa typically avoid gaining weight after bingeing on food by ________.

purging, including self-induced vomiting

Conditions associated with the female athlete triad include ________.

reduced bone mineral density

Hitting the wall" is a term to describe ________.

someone has essentially run out of available carbohydrates for energy

During pregnancy, edema can be a sign of a serious health problem if ________.

the swelling is accompanied by hypertension and protein in the urine

All of the following are recommendations of the FDA in regards to the selection and use of cutting boards EXCEPT ________.

to use wood cutting boards made from a soft wood

The placenta ________.

transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus

Phosphorus is involved in all of the following body functions EXCEPT ________.

transmission of nerve impulses

On average, a full-term infant at birth ________.

weighs 7 to 8 pounds and is about 20 inches long