Final review
Passive drains provide a direct avenue for ascending infection and Select one: a.must be covered with a sterile bandage while in place. b.work by creating a vacuum within the wound. c.are more expensive than active drains. d.do not have to exit in a dependent location.
A
Peritonitis is inflammation of the abdominal cavity due to infection/ perforation Select one: a.True b.False
A
Positive Cranial Drawer Test: cranial displacement of the tibia and increased internal rotation of tibia with joint flexion. a.True b.False
A
Remaining ovarian tissue left from a spay procedure may result in recurrent heat cycles and/or stump pyometra. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Scrotal swelling after orchidectomy is most likely caused by a: Select one: a.Hematoma b.Ascites c.Hemangioma d.Lipoma
A
Squamous cell carcinomas are the most common tumors found on the cat's eye. Often found in cats with white or pink eyelids. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The 4 goals or orthopedic surgery are; repair, restoration of function, resection, & salvage. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The 4 main sources of contamination are:Operative personnelSurgical instruments and equipmentPatientSurgical environment Select one: a.True b.False
A
The best option for the corrective method for repair of an aural hematoma is a surgical correction. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The name of the structure that is the holding layer of the abdomen is called the linea alba. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The normal level of glucose in the blood of canids is 80-120 mg/dl Select one: a.True b.False
A
The omentum is used where possible to enhance perfusion and healing. Select one: a.True b.False
A
The prognosis for abdominal surgery is good if no perforation but guarded with perforation/peritonitis. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Type of CCL repair: Extracapsular: Lateral Fabellar Suture Technique Select one: a.True b.False
A
Volvulus: rotation of an organ usually on its axis. Select one: a.True b.False
A
We help owners make the right decision on orthopedic repair based on the patient's needs and not the owner's checkbook. Select one: a.True b.False
A
We want to AVOID spillage of urine into the abdomen. If UTI is present, we can seed bacteria. If crystalluria is present, crystals can be irritating and inflammatory to peritoneum. Urea is absorbed through the omentum and can cause systemic azotemia. Select one: a.True b.False
A
A patient is to be prepared for an orchidectomy. What part of the body is prepped? Select one: a.Ventral abdomen b.Scrotal/prescrotal area c.Paw d.Ear
B
A support bandage placed on a limb before a splint should be long enough to cover a.the limb under the splint. b.the joint above and the joint below the splint. c.the limb above and below the ends of the splint. d.the joint below the splint.
B
According to standard of care, it is acceptable practice to perform surgery without an IV catheter in place. Select one: a.True b.False
B
All of the following should be performed to resuscitate puppies and kittens following a cesarean section delivery except: Select one: a.Warming the puppies or kittens b.Swinging the puppies or kittens to remove fluid from the airway c.Stimulating the puppies and kittens with gentle rubbing d.Suctioning the airway of the puppies or kittens with a bulb syringe to remove fluid from the airway
B
All personnel in the laser OR should wear eye protection goggles made for every possible type wavelength of laser light. a.True b.False
B
An incisional gastropexy is done only to prevent gastric intussusception. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Angiogenesis refers to a.formation of new blood cells. b.formation of new blood vessels. c.formation of blood pressure receptors. d.formation of new tissue.
B
Animals suffering from GDV usually are in shock. This shock is classified as: Select one: a.Septic b.Hypovolemic c.Anaphylactic d.Aspirationic
B
As suture diameter decreases, tensile strength increases. a.True b.False
B
Aural hematoma repair must be treated as a sterile procedure. Select one: a.True b.False
B
BAR stands for: Select one: a.Bites all RVTs b.Bright, alert, responsive c.Beds for Rocco d.Barfs at regular intervals
B
Bowel sounds are also called? Select one: a.Bonbons b.Borborygmus c.Boychewsgumbus d.Boyflatuance
B
Cat eyelid masses are usually benign but you are rarely able to differentiate on clinical appearance. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Cats only have lashes on the lower lid. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Coherent light emitted from a laser means that it: a.Scatters in different directions b.Is uniform in wavelength c.Has multiple frequencies that go together well d.Is set to deliver the same number of joules
B
Complete dehiscence of a thoracic wound will result in _______________ (air within the chest causing collapse of the lungs), a problem that may result in sudden death. a.Atelectasia b.Pneumothorax c.Pneumonia d.Pleuritis
B
Complete dehiscence of a thoracic wound will result in _______________ (air within the chest causing collapse of the lungs), a problem that may result in sudden death. Select one: a.Atelectasia b.Pneumothorax c.Pneumonia d.Pleuritis
B
Disinfection is defined as reducing the number of microbes to safe level. a.True b.False
B
Feline castration surgical prep involves shaving the scrotum. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Fibroblasts deposit ____________ into the wound, which increases wound strength. a.fibrinogen b.collagen c.fibrin clot d.keratin
B
Five perioperative considerations of an ortho surgical candidate are; size, overall health, temperament, owner compliance, & where the owner works. Select one: a.True b.False
B
For optimal effectiveness in immobilization, a cast must immobilize a.the joint under the cast. b.the joint proximal and distal to the injury. c.the bone proximal and distal to the injury. d.the area of the fracture.
B
GDVs commonly need to stay in the hospital for 5-7 weeks due to high post op rate of complications Select one: a.True b.False
B
Gauze sponges (4x4) are the best surgical scrub applicator. a.True b.False
B
How many estrous cycles a year do most dog breeds have? Select one: a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4
B
In preparation for canine castration, the scrotum is normally shaved and draped into the surgical field. Select one: a.True b.False
B
It is imperative to use a(n) ____________ primary layer once granulation tissue has formed or epithelialization has begun, to protect and promote second intention wound healing. Select one: a.adherent b.non-adherent c.wet-to-dry d.non-selective
B
Mammary neoplasia is much more aggressive in the cat than the dog when diagnosed. What percentage of mammary tumors have metastasized by diagnosis in the cat? Select one: a.99.5% b.90% c.75% d.50%
B
Meloxicam (Metacam) is the staple NSAID labeled for long-term use in cats. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Monopolar electrocautery is most efficient in a _______ surgical site. a.Wet b.Dry c.Hot d.Cold
B
Newly epithelialized wounds Select one: a.are tough and not easily traumatized. b.are friable. c.never heal by second intention. d.All are correct.
B
Open wounds on the distal aspect of the limb (below the carpus or tarsus) of the horse are notorious for developing exuberant granulation tissue, commonly referred to as Select one: a."proud cut." b."proud flesh." c."primary intention healing." d."eschar healing."
B
Orthopedic equipment is relatively cheap. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Ovariohysterectomy if performed during estrus or pregnancy in the dog increases the potential surgical risk due to: Select one: a.Increased hormones which increases the potential for hemorrhage b.Increased vasculature which increases the potential for hemorrhage c.Increased tissue which increases the potential for hemorrhage d.Increased blood pressure which increases the potential for hemorrhage
B
Passive drains are left in place for how long before removal and skin closure? a.1 to 2 days b.3 to 5 days c.7 to 10 days d.12 to 14 days
B
Prior to gastrointestinal surgery the veterinary technician should have two surgical packs prepared or at the least extra instruments. Select one: a.Because surgical instruments get slippery when covered with GI content. b.In case the primary pack is contaminated with intestinal contents during the procedure c.In case the incision needs to be extended d.Because these instruments can only be used once.
B
Regarding GI Surgery, contamination is our primary concern. Every effort is made to minimize/eliminate contamination of intestinal contents within the abdomen. All clean procedures - hepatic bx, lymph node removal, etc. - should be performed prior to any procedures that enter the GI tract. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Robenacoxib (Onsior)is a NSAID used extra-label in cats. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Shaving scrotal hair is an acceptable alternative to plucking scrotal hairs when prepping for feline castration. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Spaying a dog during estrus does not affect the potential risks of the surgical procedure. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Spica splints are used to keep a limb in _______ to reduce the mobility of the affected limb. Select one: a.flexion b.extension c.pronation d.supination
B
Sterilization is defined as the absence of pathogenic microorganisms that cause infection in the surgical area; it is surgically clean. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Tail amputation is an easy procedure to do and post-surgery care is easy as well. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Tail docking is often performed for breed standards: "Cosmetic Surgery". It is best to perform at 3-5 months after birth. Select one: a.True b.False
B
The CO2 laser can be used with or without a smoke plume evacuator. a.True b.False
B
The _______________ layer of a bandage, absorbs and holds exudate (if present) and provides some immobilization and support. a.primary b.secondary c.tertiary d.quaternary
B
The goal of ____________ is removal of obviously contaminated, devitalized, or necrotic tissue and elimination of foreign debris from the wound. a.lavage b.debridement c.chronicity d.dead space
B
The inflammatory phase lasts for 3 to 5 days and is often called the lag phase because, a.it is marked by fibroblasts and endothelial cells entering the wound. b.wound strength is at its lowest during this phase. c.begins after the proliferative phase. d.dehiscence rarely occurs.
B
The inflammatory phase lasts for 3 to 5 days and is often called the lag phase because, Select one: a.it is marked by fibroblasts and endothelial cells entering the wound. b.wound strength is at its lowest during this phase. c.begins after the proliferative phase. d.dehiscence rarely occurs.
B
The pancreas is one of the more durable organs and can take some tissue handling abuse. Select one: a.True b.False
B
The spleen is unable to replace dead cells. Select one: a.True b.False
B
Veterinary technicians should advise clients that animals undergoing routine sterilization or simple mass removal usually require _________ of restricted activity, whereas animals undergoing orthopedic surgery will likely require 6 to 8 weeks of confinement. Select one: a.1 to 2 days b.10 to 14 days c.2 to 3 weeks d.2 months
B
What is the proper way to remove a cast from an animal's limb? Select one: a.Cut both the cranial and caudal surfaces of the cast. b.Cut both the medial and lateral surfaces of the cast. c.Cut just the lateral surface of the cast. d.Cut just the cranial surface of the cast.
B
A condition of the uterus involving endometrial hyperplasia, increased uterine secretions, and accumulation of fluid in the uterus with secondary infection is known as: Select one: a.Pyometra b.Uterine Prolapse c.Mucometra d.Hydrometra
A
A laminectomy is used to treat: Select one: a.Intervertebral disk disease b.Fractures of spinous processes c.Hip dysplasia d.Foot disorders in horses
A
A possible complication of pyometra includes: Select one: a.Peritonitis b.Intussusception c.Eunuchoid syndrome d.Urinary incontinence
A
A veterinarian may elect to apply a bandage to an orthopedic patient for additional postoperative support. The type of bandage that would be applied to stabilize the hip after a hip luxation would be a/an: Select one: a.Ehmer sling b.Robert Jones bandage c.Spica splint d.Velpeau sling
A
A(n) ________ is a nonweight-bearing sling applied to the pelvic limb to protect the hip joint after injury. Select one: a.Ehmer b.Schroeder-Thomas c.Adson Brown d.Robert Jones
A
A/an _____ is an external opening surgically created in the male feline's urogenital tract that is large enough for passage of urine, mucus, crystals, and small calculi without obstruction. Select one: a.Perineal urethrostomy b.Pelvic orchidectomy c.Perineal urethrotomy d.Pelvic ostectomy
A
Alcohol should not be used when preparing the scrotum for castration in male cats. Select one: a.True b.False
A
All aural hematoma surgical options carry a risk for infection Select one: a.True b.False
A
All the following factors can change the effectiveness of a disinfectant:Temperature - increases effectiveness with increase in temperatureConcentration and preparation - appropriate concentrationConcurrent use of other disinfectants - One can inactivate anotherOrganisms - type, number, stage of growth of target organismSurface - physical and chemical properties of a surface may interfere with or be damaged by certain disinfectantsOrganic debris/other soils - dilute, render ineffective, or interfereMethod of application - sprayed, swabbed, immersed Select one: a.True b.False
A
Once a wound heals, the wound tissue will be a.weaker than the original tissue. b.stronger than the original tissue. c.smaller than the original tissue. d.larger than the original tissue.
A
Once a wound heals, the wound tissue will be Select one: a.weaker than the original tissue. b.stronger than the original tissue. c.smaller than the original tissue. d.larger than the original tissue.
A
Once the patient is draped, and the pack is opened and the scrubbed personnel are bellied up to the table, the entire sterile zone is established. a.True b.False
A
Orthopedic diseases lead to Degenerative Joint Disease. The body lays down bone trying to stabilize the joint which ends up breaking off and causing more pain and instability. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Wounds can drain excessively, causing serum to seep through the bandage and extend to the external environment. This is called ____________________. Select one: a.serum sickness b.blow-back c.fly-strike d.strike-through
D
________ are used to cut bone by pounding on the flat or flared end of the instrument with a mallet Select one: a.Rongeurs b.Curettes c.Periosteal elevator d.Oseotomes
D
_________ sutures have greater capillary action Select one: a.Absorbable b.Non-absorbable c.Monofilament d.Braided
D
High-quality needle holders often contain within their jaws tungsten carbide inserts that Select one: a.Provide a tighter grip and better wear b.Are resistant to wear c.Can be replaced when worn down d.All are correct
D
If a surgeon's or surgical assistant's gown or glove comes into contact with a contaminated region: a.That item should be rinsed with sterile water b.The animal should be placed on antibiotics right away c.They should leave the operating room immediately d.That item should be removed and a sterile replacement obtained
D
It is not unusual for packed cell volume (PCV) and total plasma protein (TP) to drop up to ______% as a result of anesthesia and surgery, even when no major blood loss has occurred. Select one: a.1% b.3% c.5% d.10%
D
Onychectomy is painful. Pain medication should be administered: Select one: a.On an "as needed basis" b.Only intraoperatively c.If the cat exhibits signs of pain d.To all cats in the postoperative period
D
Synthetic absorbable sutures offer an advantage over natural absorbable sutures because _____________. a.They biodegrade more quickly in the body b.They have less tissue drag when pulled through tissue c.They wick bacteria less d.They are not significantly affected by inflammation
D
The heart beating makes two sounds: Select one: a.Dumb-Bum b.Club-Sub c.You-Dud d.Lub-Dub
D
The main goal of surgery to remove a pus-filled uterus (pyometra) is: Select one: a.A prophylactic measure b.To make a diagnosis c.To restore the animal to a normal reproductive state d.To return the animal to health without restoring normal reproductive function
D
What is the benefit of using external fixators to repair a fractured bone? Select one: a.They do not require surgery to place b.They involve no pain during placement c.They are inexpensive to use d.They allow for closed fracture repair
D
What is the best normal temperature range for a dog? Select one: a.99-103F b.98.5 - 101.5F c.100 - 103.5F d.99.5 - 102.5F
D
What is the main advantage of a fiberglass cast over its plaster counterpart? Select one: a.Fiberglass is cheaper to apply. b.Fiberglass has a longer working time before it sets. c.Fiberglass can easily be cut with a preplaced piece of gigli wire. d.Fiberglass is strong yet lightweight.
D
When a bitch is presented to the hospital for an ovariohysterectomy, the technician should do all of the following except: Select one: a.Ensure the dog is a female b.Obtain a telephone number where the client can be reached that day c.Ensure that the bitch does not have an abdominal scar d.Give the dog aspirin, because the surgical procedure will be painful
D
When a dog is presented to the hospital to be spayed, the veterinary technician should prepare the surgical site. In which area is the incision most commonly made? Select one: a.Inguinal b.Scrotum c.Prescrotal prepuce d.Abdominal ventral midline
D
When does vaginal/ uterine prolapse most commonly occur? Select one: a.After overeating b.After nursing c.Post pseudocoprostasis d.Postpartem
D
When fine electrocautery is required, as during an ophthalmic procedure, _______ should be used. a.A cordless hand-held unit b.Vascular clips c.Monopolar electrocautery d.Bipolar electrocautery
D
Which of the following is true regarding bite wounds? a.They are often small puncture wounds without underlying tissue damage. b.They may commonly be considered contaminated. c.They rarely involve concurrent crushing injuries. d.They often require the use of drains in their treatment.
D
Which of the following is true regarding feline onychectomy? Select one: a.It is a pain-free procedure b.It is defined as tail-docking in cats c.Bleeding is minimal, so the use of a tourniquet is discouraged d.It is an elective procedure
D
Which of the following wounds are most predictable in their healing pattern? a.Cat bite b.Abrasion due to a fall c.Cut from a barbed-wire fence d.Incision from a mass removal
D
Which structure is not part of the spermatic cord? Select one: a.Pampiniform plexus b.Vas deferens c.Testicular artery d.Epididymis
D
A Cherry eye is called Prolapse of the Gland of the Third Eyelid, in proper medical terms: Select one: a.True b.False
A
A TECA is a salvage procedure that has a possible sequella of facial nerve compression and or damage leading to temporary or permanent paralysis. Select one: a.True b.False
A
(PCV) or hematocrit (HCT) range in the dog is 35% to 55%. If the PCV is below 35%, the dog is generally considered anemic. Select one: a.True b.False
A
-Ectomy is defined as: Select one: a.To remove or excise b.To cut into c.Surgical creation of artificial opening d.Surgical repair by joining a seam or by suturing
A
37% of dogs with unilateral tear will have opposite CCL rupture within 2 years. Select one: a.True b.False
A
An aural hematoma is defined as formation of a hematoma on or under the skin on the inner surface of the pinna. It forms after blood vessels have ruptured while the ear is being vigorously shaken/scratched or by fighting. It is a common sequela to ear mites, otitis, atopy, & aural foreign bodies. a.True b.False
A
Animals that have been spayed may have an increase in body weight after surgery. a.True b.False
A
At what % dehydration does the dehydration become seriously unstable with life Select one: a.11% b.9% c.8% d.5%
A
Bloat is not the same as a GDV. A GDV has rotation on the axis and the bloat does not. It is a poor word choice sometimes used for a GDV but they are not the same. Just as the word neuter is used for castration when it is a general term for sexually altering an animal. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Bloat: occurs when a dog's stomach is filled with fluid, gas, or food to the point where it is difficult for the stomach to expand. The enlarged stomach then puts pressure on other vital organs which can cause labored breathing and potentially a decreased blood supply throughout the body. GDV: In some cases, the stomach will become twisted, which veterinarians refer to as gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) or gastric torsion. The turning of the stomach can lead to blockage of the blood supply to the spleen and the stomach. This condition is serious and if untreated will be fatal. Often, despite being treated immediately, this condition leads to fatalities in 25-40% of dogs with this type of emergency; since fatality rates increase with the severity of the disease. a.True b.False
A
Cats are multiparous, induced ovulators that can cycle once a month. Their first estrus depends on photoperiod - increasing sunlight exposure decreases age of puberty. It typically starts around 6 months but can start at 5 months. Cats will continue to cycle until bred - seasonal cyclers. If not spayed - owner will deal with continuous cycling until they get out and become pregnant. It's not if, but when will they become pregnant! Select one: a.True b.False
A
Cherry eye is an acquired defect of the cartilage in the 3rd eyelid, usually from trauma. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Chlorhexadine must be in contact for 5 minutes to be effective. a.True b.False
A
Chlorhexidine gluconate has the best residual activity of all the available products. a.True b.False
A
Cryptorchism: Testicle fails to descend from abdomen into the scrotal sac. Usually the RIGHT side that is retained. Believed to be heritable (single recessive autosomal gene). More common in certain breeds: Chihuahuas, poms, poodles, shelties, yorkies and huskies. May be located in the abdomen. Usually too warm to produce sperm but still possible and likely to become neoplastic (Sertoli Cell tumors). a.True b.False
A
Dogs only have eye lashes on the upper lid. Select one: a.True b.False
A
During a routine ovariohysterectomy, the most painful manipulation will occur during ____, and the veterinary technician must be mindful of the anesthetic plane at this point in the surgery. Select one: a.Tearing of the suspensory ligament b.Exteriorization of the uterus c.Incision of the uterine body d.Closure of the linea alba
A
Endoscopy is a noninvasive retrieval modality that allows for examination of gastric lining and contents; and you are able to retrieve some FBs through endoscopy. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Eventually, DJD leads to a loss of ROM, especially on extension Select one: a.True b.False
A
For an exploratory celiotomy, which layer of the three-layered closure is the holding layer? Select one: a.The linea alba b.The subcutaneous layer c.The skin d.All three layers are equally supportive
A
Hip Dysplasia is a congenital malformation of the hips that can lead to subluxation. Select one: a.True b.False
A
IVDD: Intervertebral disc protrudes in spinal cord. Compression leads to loss of: Conscious Proprioception, Superficial pain, Motor Activity, & Deep Pain. It presents with severe pain to full paralysis depending on degree of compression. It affects T11-L2 in chondrodystrophics and C5-C7 in beagles. Dx is by MRI or Myelogram. Select one: a.True b.False
A
If a fracture is found on the proximal part of the tibia, it is: Select one: a.Distal to the femur b.Proximal to the femur c.In the middle of the bone d.Distal to the metatarsals
A
If an abdominocentesis is performed, the PCV of the fluid when compared to the systemic PCV will be _______ if hemorrhage into the abdominal cavity is actively occurring. Select one: a.Equal to systemic PCV b.Higher than the systemic PCV c.Lower than systemic PCV d.Not comparable to the systemic PCV
A
Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis is defined as excision of a segment of diseased bowel followed by the reestablishment of two healthy remaining segments. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Intraoperative intestinal and pancreatic manipulation can lead to ________, temporary loss of intestinal motility. Select one: a.Ileus b.Intussusception c.Inappetence d.Enterotomy
A
Laparoscopy is noninvasive and is usually performed to examine the abdominal cavity. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Linear FBs -thread or string, most often seen in cats; lodge at tongue/stomach and can involve the entire GIT. They are associated with plication of intestines; they do not cause obstruction but can have extreme discomfort, pain, and can perforate. Select one: a.True b.False
A
Mycoplasma hemofelis was previously known as Hemobartonella felis and may still bereferred to as such in older texts. It is important to remember that Mycoplasma hemofelis is a different organism from Mycoplasma felis (which is an upper respiratory pathogen) and Bartonella henselae (which causes cat-scratch fever). Select one: a.True b.False
A
Nutrition is one of most neglected aspects of post-op patient care. Select one: a.True bFalse
A
OHE & Neutering will not change aggression towards humans if the animal is already demonstrating that behavior Select one: a.True b.False
A
What must occur in order for a wound to be considered closed by primary closure? Select one: a.Closure must precede granulation tissue formation. b.Closure must precede infection. c.Closure must be preceded by 2 to 3 days of open wound management. d.Epithelialization and contraction
A
What type of sling is used to immobilize all of the joints on a forelimb? Select one: a.Velpeau sling b.Carpal flexion sling c.Ehmer sling d.Metatarsal sling
A
When clipping hair from the edges of a skin wound to prepare it for primary closure, ______ should be placed over the wound. Select one: a.water-soluble lubricant b.colloid fluids c.hypertonic solution d.disinfectant
A
When monitoring distal limb bandages an increased distance between the toe nails indicates Select one: a.swelling. b.decubital ulcer formation. c.wound dehiscence. d.neuropathy.
A
Which of the following clinical signs would not normally be seen if a dog were suffering from hemorrhage after an ovariohysterectomy? Select one: a.Decreased respiratory rate b.Pale mucous membranes c.Slow recovery from anesthesia d.Slow capillary refill time
A
Which of the following is not completely removed in an ovariohysterectomy? Select one: a.Broad ligament b.Ovaries c.Uterine horns d.Oviducts
A
_______ drains are considered gravity dependent. Select one: a.Passive b.Active c.Suction d.Standing
A
________ sutures lose most of their breaking strength within 60 days of placement. a.Absorbable b.Non-absorbable c.Monofilament d.Braided
A
_________ needles cause greater trauma due to the loop of suture through the eye. a.Eyed b.Swaged c.Swedged d.Reverse-cutting
A
_________ tissue forceps are "traumatic forceps" and should be used only on tissues that are being removed from the patient (e.g., tumors, damaged bowel, etc.). Select one: a.Allis b.Babcock c.Doyen d.Adson-Brown
A
____________ are fine, straight, or curved scissors used for cutting delicate tissue, such as fat or thin muscle. Select one: a.Metzenbaum scissors b.Mayo dissecting scissors c.Operating scissors d.Lister scissors
A
-Pexy is defined as: a.Surgical alteration of shape or form b.Surgical fixation c.Surgical repair by joining in a seam or by suturing d.Instrument for cutting
B
10-0 suture is larger than 7-0. a.True b.False
B
A bactericide kills spores. Select one: a.True b.False
B
A lateral ear canal resection is an underutilized procedure that should be performed more often and earlier in treatment before the ear disease becomes chronic, forcing use of a more costly and painful salvage procedure. Select one: a.True b.False
B
A non-reducible fracture can be returned to its normal anatomical alignment. Select one: a.True b.False
B
A patient is to be prepared for a femoral head ostectomy. What part of the body is prepped? Select one: a.Top of the head b.Hip c.Shoulder d.Lumbar spine
B
What is the purpose of a "stay" suture? Select one: a.A permanent suture, designed to stay in the body for the remainder of life b.To steady a tissue within an incision c.To keep a tissue out of the way of an incision d.To tie a tissue to the body wall, such as in GDV repair
B
When a cat is presented for castration and both testicles are descended, the veterinary technician will prepare the surgical site. In which area is the incision most commonly made? Select one: a.Flank b.Scrotum c.Prescrotal prepuce d.Mid-abdomen
B
When preparing to introduce an arthroscope into a joint, a sharp trocar is inserted into a hollow, cannula-type instrument called the ________. Both the trocar and this instrument are then used to penetrate the fibrous portion of the joint capsule via a stab incision. a.Cannula sleeve b.Arthroscope sleeve c.Obturator d.Inflation sleeve
B
When scrubbing into a surgery, the water is turned off either by foot petal, knee lever, an assistant, or by your scrubbed hand. Select one: a.True b.False
B
When using electrocautery, if good contact is not maintained between the surgical patient's skin and the ground plate: a.The patient might feel a shock b.The patient might be burned c.The surgeon might feel a shock d.The surgeon might be burned
B
When would prophylactic antibiotics not be appropriate? Select one: a.The patient is on concurrent immunosuppressive drugs b.The operation takes 30 minutes c.The urinary bladder is going to be entered during surgery d.The knee joint will be entered
B
Which grip of the scalpel is most commonly used when making long incisions such as with a celiotomy? Select one: a.Pencil grip b.Fingertip grip c.Palm grip d.Backwards grip
B
Which of the following is not a requirement for fracture healing? Select one: a.Apposition b.Shearing c.Fixation d.Reduction
B
Which of the following is removed during a spay? Select one: a.Broad Ligament and the ovaries b.Ovaries and uterus c.Suspensory ligament and uterine horn d.Oviducts and ovaries
B
Within the 3rd eyelid is one of the tear glands that secretes and distributes ~60% of tear production. Select one: a.True b.False
B
______________-is a self-retaining retractor. Select one: a.Army-Navy b.Gelpi c.Senn d.Snook
B
____________________ is marked by fibroblasts and endothelial cells entering the wound. a.Second intention phase b.Proliferative phase c.Inflammatory phase d.Maturation phase
B
What are two organic, non-absorbable suture materials? a.PDS II b.Silk c.Monocryl d.Catgut e.Cotton f.Vicryl
B, C
Drains are generally removed when: Select one: a.fluid production turns purulent b.the wound around them starts to heal c.fluid production has slowed or ceased d.the wound around them closes over the drain
C
What percentage of healthy adoptable dogs and cats in shelters are put to sleep every year because there are no homes for them? Select one: a.10% b.70% c.50% d.30%
C
A patient is to be prepared for an ovariohysterectomy. What part of the body is prepped? Select one: a.Paw b.Ventral chest wall c.Ventral abdomen d.Ear
C
Accumulation of serum under a surgical incision may last for weeks and is called a: a.Hematoma b.Teratoma c.Seroma d.Plasmoma
C
After it has been rinsed in cold water or soaked in detergent, each surgical instrument should be inspected and scrubbed with a soft brush in warm water using an instrument detergent with a pH of ________. Select one: a.0 b.<7 c.7 d.>7
C
Animals being prepared for an exploratory celiotomy should always be clipped widely because: Select one: a.Of anesthetic reasons b.It allows for better draping of the patient c.The incision may have to be extended d.It allows for better postoperative bandaging of the area
C
At which temperature ( F) should a postoperative dog or cat be removed from any external heating devices? Select one: a.80°F b.90° c.100°F d.110°F
C
Cerclage wire is used in orthopedic procedures to: Select one: a.Cut small, deep holes b.Hold bones together in the intermedullary space c.Encircles bones or bone fragments d.Provide resistance to compression
C
During abdominal surgery, any excess hemorrhage on the viscera is blotted away with moistened sponges. The surfaces of the viscera should not be wiped with sponges because this: Select one: a.Causes tissue trauma b.Dislodges blood clots c.All are correct d.None are correct
C
External fixation devices include all of the following except: Select one: a.Cast b.Splint c.Bone plate d.Kirschner-Ehmer (K-E) apparatus
C
Gastropexy is attachment of the stomach to the body wall after a dog experiences GDV to: Select one: a.Prevent further bloat b.Prevent any further rotation c.Create a permanent adhesion d.Create a better flow of digesta
C
Hemostatic forceps are classified according to all the following criteria except: a.Whether they are straight or curved b.Size c.Whether they include a scissor in the handle d.The pattern of the grooves on the inside surface of the jaws
C
How much time should be given after a surgery before the external sutures can be removed? Select one: a.48 hours b.1 week c.2 weeks d.4 weeks
C
If fluid strike-through of the tertiary layer of a bandage occurs, a.it will remove not only diseased tissue but also healthy tissue, such as new granulation tissue. b.it creates a dry environment that is not conducive to wound healing. c.bacteria from the environment can penetrate the bandage and contaminate the wound. d.All are correct.
C
If the testicles are not palpable and a cryptorchidectomy is performed, the incision would probably be: Select one: a.Prescrotal b.Scrotal c.Ventral midline d.Perineal
C
It is important that the nursing care provided to paralyzed patients focus' on patient comfort. The prevention of decubital ulcers can be accomplished by all of the following procedures except: a.Frequent turning or repositioning of the patient b.Adequate padding in the cage or bed c.Appropriate analgesic therapy d.Massage
C
Lasers are divided into four classes according to their ability to: a.Penetrate tissue b.Change the color of the laser beam itself c.Inflict damage to skin or eyes d.Be seen with the naked eye
C
Metal implants usually are made of stainless steel alloy, colbalt-chromium alloy or titanium. OF these types, which is the most resistant to corrosion and has the best fatigue life (although it is the most expensive)? Select one: a.Stainless steel b.Cobalt-chromium allot c.Titanium d.All are equivalent
C
Obesity is associated with increased risk of wound infection and dehiscence because a.lipids interfere with epithelization. b.apposition of wound edges is not possible. c.decreased vascularization of fatty tissue leads to a decreased capacity for healing. d.of low protein and albumin levels.
C
Obesity is associated with increased risk of wound infection and dehiscence because Select one: a.lipids interfere with epithelization. b.apposition of wound edges is not possible. c.decreased vascularization of fatty tissue leads to a decreased capacity for healing. d.of low protein and albumin levels.
C
Once neutered, how long can a tom cat still possibly get a queen pregnant for? Select one: a.1 week b.Up to a month c.Up to 6 weeks d.3 months e.6 months f.9 months
C
Once the patient is prepared for surgery, the surgical assistant and veterinarian should avoid contact with the skin because: Select one: a.It can lead to increased pain b.It increases the risk of tissue death c.It increases the risk of contamination d.It decreases the blood flow to the area of skin
C
Operating scissors are classified by multiple features, including all of the following except: a.Blade type b.The character of their points c.Their designation to cut tissue or non-tissue d.The design of the cutting edge of the blades
C
Surgical patient drapes are sterile and placed on the nonsterile patient Select one: a.By the non-sterile surgical assistant b.To provide a sterile area and decrease the contact of sterile instruments with sterile skin c.By the sterile surgeon or sterile assistant d.Prior to moving the animal into the sterile surgery suite
C
Tail docking and dewclaw removal in puppies should be performed during which time period? Select one: a.The first 24 hours after birth b.The first 1 to 2 days after birth c.The first 3 to 5 days after birth d.The first 1 to 2 weeks after birth
C
The ______________, the first phase of wound healing, begins immediately. a.second intention phase b.proliferative phase c.inflammatory phase d.maturation phase
C
The hair coat can be most efficiently and gently removed when preparing a dog for spaying by which of the following methods? Select one: a.Plucking b.Clipping with sharp scissors c.Clipping against the grain of the hair with electrical clippers using a No. 40 blade d.Clipping against the grain of the hair with electrical clippers using a No. 10 blade
C
The incidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in felids is: Select one: a.5% b.25% c.15% d.10%
C
What is considered the most painful portion of a routine spay procedure? Select one: a.The initial abdominal incision b.Applying the angiotribe c.The plucking/tearing of the suspensory ligament d.Ligation of the ovarian pedicle
C
What is one advantage of stainless-steel suture? a.Knot ends evoke inflammatory reaction b.Kinking c.Stable in contaminated wounds d.Wire cuts tissue, may fragment
C
What is the best method to treat pressure sores caused by bandaging? Select one: a.Apply a corticosteroid cream to the sores. b.Using triple antibiotic ointment. c.Prevent them by using proper padding. d.Excise the damaged tissue and apply a wet-to-dry bandage to the wounds.
C
What is the primary benefit of using a wet-to-dry bandage? Select one: a.To provide non-selective debridement b.To absorb exudate without adhering to the wound c.To keep granulation tissue clean and dry d.To provide padding.
C
What is the term used to indicated the generalized removal of a mass? Select one: a.Mastectomy b.Bursectomy c.Lumpectomy d.Bulgectomy
C
When a dog is presented for castration, and both testicles are descended, the veterinary technician will prepare the surgical site. In which area is the incision most commonly made? Select one: a.Flank b.Scrotum c.Precrotal prepuce d.Mid-abdomen
C
When a male dog is presented to the hospital for a castration procedure, the technician should do all of the following except: Select one: a.Ensure that the dog is a male b.Ensure that there are two testicles in the scrotum c.Ensure that the dog is not in heat d.Ensure that there is a telephone number to reach the client
C
When applying a fiber glass cast __________ the water, the faster the curing process of the resin, resulting in premature hardening of the fiberglass cast material. Select one: a.the greater the quantity of b.the colder c.the warmer d.the less sterile
C
When lavaging a highly contaminated wound, tap water can be used initially instead of sterile isotonic fluids because the main benefit comes from a.the rapid administration of lavage. b.the force of the fluids used for lavage. c.the volume rather than the type of fluid used. d.the temperature of the fluids used for lavage.
C
When lavaging a highly contaminated wound, tap water can be used initially instead of sterile isotonic fluids because the main benefit comes from Select one: a.the rapid administration of lavage. b.the force of the fluids used for lavage. c.the volume rather than the type of fluid used. d.the temperature of the fluids used for lavage.
C
When preforming a spay after parturition, it should be done when the puppies/ kittens are weaned and lactation ceases, or approximately: Select one: a.2 - 4 weeks later b.4 - 6 weeks later c.6 - 8 weeks later d.8 - 10 weeks later
C
Which of the following is NOT a good indication for castrating a dog or cat? Select one: a.Decrease population growth b.Treatment of perineal hernias c.Reducing exercise requirements d.Prevention of reproductive system tumors
C
Which of the following is not an advantage of neutering a male dog? Select one: a.Decreased risk of perineal hernias b.Decreased roaming c.Prevention of it lifting its leg to urinate d.Decreased aggression toward other dogs
C
Which of the following procedures would be considered a non-elective surgery? Select one: a.Cancer mass removal b.Ovariohysterectomy c.Tracheostomy due to obstruction d.Stifle stabilization prior to cranial cruciate repair
C
Which surgical instrument is used to scrape hard tissues, such as bone? Select one: a.Rongeurs b.Bone-cutting forceps c.Curettes d.Osteotome
C
Why is honey employed in wound management? Select one: a.It serves as a food source for beneficial bacteria. b.It provides energy for fibroblasts, thereby hastening wound healing. c.It has antimicrobial effects. d.It allows for bandage adherence to wounded tissue.
C
______ are instruments that are used to pry periosteum or muscle from the bone surface. Select one: a.Rongeurs b.Curettes c.Periosteal elevator d.Osteotomes
C
_____________-degree burns are full-thickness injuries characterized by a thick, leathery, often black layer of dead dermis. a.First b.Second c.Third d.Fourth
C
_____________-degree burns are full-thickness injuries characterized by a thick, leathery, often black layer of dead dermis. Select one: a.First b.Second c.Third d.Fourth
C
______________ migrate across healthy granulation tissue to reestablish a barrier between the wound and the environment. a.Granulocytes b.Melanocytes c.Epithelial cells d.Keratinocytes
C
______________ migrate across healthy granulation tissue to reestablish a barrier between the wound and the environment. Select one: a.Granulocytes b.Melanocytes c.Epithelial cells d.Keratinocytes
C
___________________ develop over bony prominences as the result of skin compression on hard surfaces during long periods of recumbancy. Select one: a.Eschar b.Callus c.Decubitus ulcers d.Corneal ulcers
C
Characteristics of intestinal devitalization include the following except: Select one: a.Lack of motility b.Lack of bleeding on the cut section c.Purple and red discoloration d.Lack of fluorescein dye uptake
D
Corticosteroids, especially with long-term use, a.decrease the body's inflammatory response. b.increase the risk for infection. c.delay all phases of wound healing. d.All are correct.
D
. A surgical prep for feline castration: Select one: a.Involves clipping the prescrotal region from the umbilicus to the scrotum b.Involves clipping the scrotum with a No. 40 clipper blade c.Does not involve hair removal because the entire scrotal area is prepped with Nolvasan and alcohol d.Includes plucking or pulling the hair from the scrotum before the surgical scrub
D
An unspayed female cat, her mate, and all of her offspring can produce around _________ individuals in 9 years? Select one: a.1 million b.5 million c.9 million d.11 million
D
If you see these signs in your pregnant dog you should call the vet a.Greater than 2-4 hours of contractions for the first pup b.Greater than 30 minutes to 1 hour between subsequent pups. c.No labor after 70 days post-breeding d.Abnormal vulva discharge e.Green discharge or hemorrhage f.Partial delivered pup or placenta is visible g.All are correct
G