Final Study Guide- Select All That Apply

Which of the following are characteristics of cystitis? (Select all that apply.)

more common in women associated w/ catheterization of the bladder fostered by stasis of urine

What is a pathophysiologic mechanism involved in the development of diarrhea? (Select all that apply.)

osmotic d+ secretory d+ exudative d+ motility disturbances

Which medication classes does the nurse educate men on for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED)? (Select all that apply.)

phosphodiesterase inhibitors papaverine phentolamine

Bacteria cause injury to cells by which mechanisms? (Select all that apply.)

producing exotoxins producing endotoxins producing destructive enzymes evoking an immune reaction

Tumor markers ___. (Select all that apply.)

are always useful for screening help determine cancer origin help identify progression of cancer include prostatic-specific antigen.

Chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to (Select all that apply.)

cardiovascular disease depression impaired cognitive function autoimmune disease

Events which occur during the alarm stage of the stress response include secretion of (Select all that apply.)

catecholamines ACTH glucocorticoids immune cytokines

Deficits in immune system function occur in cancer as a result of (Select all that apply.)

chemotherapy cancer cells cancer metastasis to bone marrow malnutrition

Which digestive enzymes are secreted from the intestinal mucosa during a meal? (Select all that apply.)

cholecystokinin secretin

What roles does inflammation play in cancer development? (Select all that apply.)

contributes to angiogenesis limits apoptosis

Which of the following are correctable causes of male infertility? (Select all that apply.)

cryptorchidism varicocele retractile testes

Your patient's red blood cell count is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by (Select all that apply.)

gender difference situational factors normal variation illness

Which are hormones that increase serum glucose level? (Select all that apply.)

glucagon growth hormone catecholamine corticosteroid

Which patients may be at risk for development of cholesterol gallstones? (Select all that apply.)

high spinal cord injuries receiving total parenteral nutrition had rapid weight loss pregnant women

A patient missed two dialysis sessions. What conditions will the patient likely demonstrate? (Select all that apply.)

lethargy because of metabolic acidosis & increased BUN skeletal muscle weakness & possible cardiac dysrhythmias because of hyperkalemia deep rapid breathing because of metabolic acidosis

Which are clinical findings usually associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

polyuria polydipsia polyphagia

Characteristics of vesicoureteral reflux in children include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

possibly being genetic in nature often leading to recurrent UTIs possibly resulting in hypertension

Characteristics of telomerase include (Select all that apply.)

promoting synthesis of telomere ends contributing to cancer cell immortality activity allowing a cell to replicate indefinitely

Cystitis symptoms include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

suprapubic pain dysuria fever

Which medications can be prescribed for the treatment of premature ejaculation? (Select all that apply.)

ALL MINUS clomipramine

A patient presenting with a urethral stricture may experience which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

ALL MINUS inability to retract the glans of the penis

Which chemicals demonstrate nephrotoxicity? (Select all that apply.)

acetaminophen cocaine heavy metals

Side effects of chemotherapy include (Select all that apply.)

anemia nausea leukocytosis infections

Which complications of uremic syndrome does the nurse assess for? (Select all that apply.)

ALL OF THEM MINUS pancreatitis

Which medication classes are used to treat Ulcerative Colitis (UC)? (Select all that apply.)

ALL OF THE CHOICES

Which situations increase the risk of urge incontinence? (Select all that apply.)

ALL OF THEM MINUS obesity

Crohn disease is associated with what complications? (Select all that apply.)

NONE OF THEM

Chronic cholecystitis can lead to which problems? (Select all that apply.)

biliary sepsis calcified gallbladder porcelain gallbladder

Which therapies would be appropriate for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

carbohydrate counting daily exercise insulin

Which are major classifications of deficiencies in growth hormone secretion? (Select all that apply.)

decreased GH secretion defective GH action defective IGF-1 generation

Aldosterone may increase during stress, leading to (Select all that apply.)

decreased urinary output increased sodium retention increased blood volume increased blood potassium

Viruses differ from most bacteria in that they act in which of the following ways? (Select all that apply.)

enter the host cell, use the host's metabolic processes to survive & replicate, do not produce

Socioeconomic factors influence disease development because of (Select all that apply.)

environmental toxins overcrowding nutrition hygiene

Disorders of the esophageal smooth muscle function where dysphagia is a symptom include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

esophageal stricture achalasia esophageal tumors

Infectious injury often results from which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

exotoxins endotoxins self-destruction of cells enzymes from white blood cells

The nurse is planning job-site education on environmental risk factors for bladder cancer. Where would the nurse most likely plan to provide this education? (Select all that apply.)

tire manufactor diesel mechanic school pesticide applicators' training