FINAL topic questions

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information about proprioception. True False

False

Lymphatic vessels originate in peripheral tissues and deliver lymph to the venous system. True False

True

Which of the following occurs in the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system? a. A neuron carries information from the stomach area to the brain. b. A neuron in the spinal cord sends an impulse up to the upper limb, removing the hand from a hot object. c. A neuron in the cerebrum of the brain sends an impulse to the cerebellum of the brain. d. A neuron on the left side of the spinal cord sends an impulse over to the right side of the spinal cord.

a. A neuron carries information from the stomach area to the brain.

Neural information being conducted to the visual cortex of the cerebrum does NOT pass through the __________. a. inferior colliculus b. optic chiasm c. suprachiasmatic nucleus d. lateral geniculate nucleus

a. inferior colliculus

Cells responsible for information processing and transfer are a. neurons b. astrocytes c. neuroglia d. Schwann cells

a. neurons

The ________ tract carries axons that do not cross over to the opposite side of the spinal cord. a. posterior spinocerebellar b. lateral corticospinal c. anterior spinocerebellar d. anterior spinothalamic

a. posterior spinocerebellar

In which of the following locations would you find a somatic sensory receptor? a. skeletal muscle b. cardiac muscle c. glandular tissue d. smooth muscle

a. skeletal muscle

Which of the following is an intraperitoneal organ? a. stomach b. pancreas c. duodenum d. ascending colon

a. stomach

The central sulcus separates which regions of the cerebrum? a. the sensory and motor areas b. the pyramidal cells and the frontal lobes c. the parietal and occipital lobes d. the temporal and insular lobes

a. the sensory and motor areas

Which structure(s) of the urinary system transfer(s) urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder? a. ureters b. urethra c. minor calyces d. trigone

a. ureters

When riding a rollercoaster, Jan always closes her eyes. However, she can tell when she is going upside down or in a corkscrew motion. What brain structure is responsible for receiving the unconscious detection of her head position? a. vestibular nuclei b. auditory cortex c. basal nuclei d. primary motor cortex

a. vestibular nuclei

Sensations detected by the receptors of the lateral spinothalamic pathway include ________. a. pressure b. temperature c. proprioception d. vibration

b. temperature

Which of the following structures does NOT assist in holding the kidney in its correct position in the body? a. the perinephric fat b. the renal pyramids c. the renal fascia d. the deep fascia of muscles of the back

b. the renal pyramids

Which number represents the output division of the nervous system? a. 1 b. 7 c. 5 d. 6

c. 5

Four or five minor calyces join to form a. a pelvis b. the medulla c. a major calyx d. a ureter

c. a major calyx

The entry point for the renal artery and the exit for the renal vein and ureter is the ________. a. collecting duct b. minor calyx c. hilum d. renal sinus

c. hilum

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents blood from going back into the: a. left ventricle b. right atrium c. right ventricle d. left atrium

c. right ventricle

Which of the heart's chambers is responsible for sending blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen? a. the right atrium b. the left ventricle c. the right ventricle d. the left atrium

c. the right ventricle

What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae? a. to provide additional surface are for the atria as they contract b. to prevent blood from flowing into the pulmonary trunk and aorta c. to keep the atrioventricular valves shut during ventricular contraction d. to keep the atrioventricular valves open during atrial contraction

c. to keep the atrioventricular valves shut during ventricular contraction

Which structure is a thin, semi transparent connective tissue sheet that separates the external ear from the middle ear? a. vestibule b. cochlea c. tympanic membrane d. auricle

c. tympanic membrane

The organ(s) of the urinary system responsible for the temporary storage of urine before elimination is/are the __________. a. ureters b. urethra c. urinary bladder d. kidneys

c. urinary bladder

Which number represents the common hepatic duct? a. 8 b. 3 c. 2 d. 15

d. 15

Which number represents the right ventricle? a. 6 b. 14 c. 17 d. 16

d. 16

which number represents the muscularis externa? a. 17 b. 16 c. 15 d. 3

d. 3

Which number represents the superior vena cava vein? a. 13 b. 11 c. 3 d. 4

d. 4

Which number represents the red nucleus? a. 8 b. 5 c. 7 d. 6

d. 6

Which number represents the pylorus of the stomach? a. 14 b. 2 c. 12 d. 9

d. 9

Electrical conduction of the heart begins at the a. AV node b. Bundle brances c. Purkinje fibers d. SA node

d. SA node

The outer layer of the kidney is the a. renal sinus b. medulla c. pelvis d. cortex

d. cortex

Adjacent renal pyramids are separated by the a. minor calyces b. renal columns c. renal pelvis d. papillae

renal columns

Oculomotor nerves help focus the lens of the eye. True False

True

Olfactory nerves carry information about smell. True False

True

The corticobulbar tracts provide conscious motor control of skeletal muscles. True False

True

Which number represents the brachiocephalic trunk artery? a. 2 b. 19 c. 1 d. 3

a. 2

Which number represents the thalamus? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 1

a. 2

Which number represents a segmental artery? a. 4 b. 1 c. 6 d. 3

a. 4

Which number represents the tentorium cerebelli? a. 6 b. 8 c. 7 d. 5

a. 6

Immunological surveillance is the function of activated macrophages and which of the following? a. NK cells b. suppressor T cells c. helper T cells d. plasmocytes

a. NK cells

Which vessel(s) brings blood to the heart? a. Pulmonary veins b. Aorta c. Pulmonary arteries d. Pulmonary trunk

a. Pulmonary veins

Which of the following are the blood vessels at the boundary of the cortex and medulla of the kidney? a. arcuate artery and vein b. interlobar artery and vein c. segmental artery and vein d. glomerular artery and vein

a. arcuate artery and vein

Pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called a. both afferent and sensory pathways b. efferent pathways c. motor pathways d. sensory pathways

a. both afferent and sensory pathways

The central nervous system (CNS) includes the a. brain and spinal cord. b. nerves. c. nerves and muscles. d. brain.

a. brain and spinal cord.

Which of the following areas of the brain adjust the output of other somatic motor centers in the central nervous system? a. Hypothalamus b. Cerebellum c. Mesencephalon d. Medulla oblongata

b. Cerebellum

Which of the following contain oxygenated blood? a. Aorta, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary trunk b. Left atrium, pulmonary veins, and aorta c. Right ventricle, aorta, and superior vena cava d. Left atrium, pulmonary trunk, and aorta

b. Left atrium, pulmonary veins, and aorta

What purpose do the nasal conchae serve? a. They increase the rate of air flow into the lower respiratory tract. b. They create turbulence in the airflow. c. They decrease the surface area of the nasal passage for greater collection of airborne debris and microbes. d. They cool the incoming air.

b. They create turbulence in the airflow.

Which is the only cranial nerve to leave the head and neck region? a. XII b. X c. VII d. V

b. X

Lymphatic trunks collect lymph from ________. a. superficial lymphatics and veins b. both superficial and deep lymphatics c. arteries d. deep lymphatics and arteries

b. both superficial and deep lymphatics

The posterior columns, also termed the medial lemniscus pathway, ________. a. provide subconscious regulation of upper limb muscle tone and movement b. carry highly localized information from the skin and musculoskeletal system about proprioceptive, fine-touch, pressure, and vibration sensations c. provide conscious, voluntary control over skeletal muscles d. carry proprioceptive information concerning the position of muscles, tendons, and joints to the cerebellum

b. carry highly localized information from the skin and musculoskeletal system about proprioceptive, fine-touch, pressure, and vibration sensations

The area of the brain where memory is processed and stored is the a. pons b. cerebrum c. mesencephalon d. cerebellum

b. cerebrum

What is represented by number 16? a. right coronary artery b. circumflex branch of the LCA c. anterior interventricular branch of the LCA d. left coronary artery (LCA)

b. circumflex branch of the LCA

Blood exits the nephron via ________ a. renal artery b. efferent arteriole c. lobar artery d. afferent arteriole

b. efferent arteriole

Bile is stored and concentrated in the a. stomach b. gallbladder c. liver d. pancreas

b. gallbladder

The sensory receptors of the inner ear are called ________. a. Merkel cells b. hair cells c. tactile discs d. lamellated corpuscles

b. hair cells

The second intestinal segment is (the) a. gallbladder. b. jejunum. c. duodenum. d. ileum.

b. jejunum.

When an individual is shaking the head "no," the hair cells are stimulated in which of the following structures? a. posterior semicircular duct b. lateral semicircular duct c. utricle d. anterior semicircular duct

b. lateral semicircular duct

Oxygenated blood returns to the heart from the lungs and enters the __________. a. left ventricle b. left atrium c. right ventricle d. right atrium

b. left atrium

Which of the following produces bile? a. spleen b. liver c. pancreas d. gallbladder

b. liver

The large passageways into which the minor calyces empty are the ________ a. renal medullae b. major calyces c. renal calyx d. renal pelvis

b. major calyces

Each kidney receives blood from (the) ________. a. internal iliac arteries b. renal arteries c. celiac trunk d. common iliac arteries

b. renal arteries

The parietal lobe is primarily used for a. perception of auditory stimuli b. sensory functions c. perception of visual stimuli d. motor functions

b. sensory functions

When a person displays a "startle response," in which reflexive changes in the position of the head, neck, and upper limbs occur in response to bright lights, sudden movements or loud noises, which of the following regions is responsible? a. cerebral nuclei b. tectospinal tracts c. reticulospinal tracts d. rubrospinal tracts

b. tectospinal tracts

The correct order of the digestive tube layers, from lumen outward, is: (1) mucosa (2) muscularis externa (3) serosa (4) submucosa a. 3, 1, 2, 4 b. 4, 1, 2, 3 c. 1, 4, 2, 3 d. 1, 4, 3, 2

c. 1, 4, 2, 3

One of the main reasons damage to the lateral corticospinal tract on the left side of the body does not completely cause loss of conscious control of the left side of the body is that ________. a. the medial pathways also control voluntary movement b. the extrapyramidal tracts help with conscious control c. 15 percent of the voluntary control from the corticospinal tracts is uncrossed in the anterior corticospinal tract d. the corticobulbar pathway contributes to the entire body

c. 15 percent of the voluntary control from the corticospinal tracts is uncrossed in the anterior corticospinal tract

Structures that unite to form the common bile duct include: (1) hepatopancreatic sphincter (2) porta hepatis (3) cystic duct (4) common hepatic duct (5) duodenal papilla a. 1, 3, 5 b. 1, 2 c. 3, 4 d. 2, 4

c. 3, 4

Where are the autonomic reflex centers for heart rate and breathing? a. Cerebellum b. Cerebrum c. Medulla oblongata d. Mesencephalon

c. Medulla oblongata

If the rectus abdominis contracted to assist breathing, which of the following would occur? a. The pressure in the lungs would fall, because pressure from the rectus abdominis would be increasing in the abdomen. b. The rectus abdominis is not used to assist in breathing, because it is in the abdominal region and not the thoracic. c. The volume of the lungs would decrease, forcing air from the lungs. d. The volume of the lungs would increase, drawing air into the lungs.

c. The volume of the lungs would decrease, forcing air from the lungs.

Which of the following structures is included in the respiratory portion of the respiratory tract? a. primary bronchioles b. internal nares c. alveoli d. secondary bronchioles

c. alveoli

Select the correct association. a. ipsilateral : motor only b. descending : sensory c. ascending : sensory d. afferent : motor

c. ascending : sensory

The left coronary artery divides into the: a. great cardiac and middle cardiac arteries b. circumflex and posterior cardiac arteries c. circumflex and left anterior descending arteries

c. circumflex and left anterior descending arteries

If you were to examine a sample of lymph, which of the following would you NOT observe? a. interstitial fluid b. lymphocytes c. erythrocytes d. macrophages

c. erythrocytes

The tissue that suspends from the stomach and anteriorly across most of the abdominal cavity is (the) a. transverse mesocolon. b. mesentery. c. greater omentum. d. lesser omentum.

c. greater omentum.

Movement of the __________ gives the sensations that we use to determine our equilibrium and balance. a. sensory nerve b. tympanic duct c. kinocilium of the hair cells d. supporting cells

c. kinocilium of the hair cells

Indigestible material is dehydrated and compacted in the a. stomach b. esophagus c. large intestine d. liver

c. large intestine

Blood from the pulmonary veins enter which of the following structures? a. right ventricle b. right atrium c. left atrium d. left ventricle

c. left atrium

Which surfaces of both lungs bear grooves that mark the positions of the great vessels and the heart? a. anterior b. lateral c. mediastinal d. costal

c. mediastinal

Which area of the cerebral cortex would receive input from sensory receptors in the nose? a. gustatory cortex b. the general interpretive center c. olfactory cortex d. the postcentral gyrus

c. olfactory cortex

Compared to the movement of peristalsis, segmentation __________. a. happens primarily in the esophagus b. moves materials in a backward direction, rather than a forward direction c. produces movement that only breaks up materials, but doesn't move those materials forward d. occurs only when food enters the area where segmentation is the normal motion, but not until then

c. produces movement that only breaks up materials, but doesn't move those materials forward

Thalamic nuclei function to a. pass motor information to the descending tracts and to the spinal cord b. relay information to the mammillary bodies c. relay sensory information to the cerebral nuclei and cerebral cortex d. relay information to the occipital lobes

c. relay sensory information to the cerebral nuclei and cerebral cortex

The renal medulla consists of six to eighteen distinct conical or triangular structures, called ________. a. distal convoluted tubules b. collecting ducts c. renal pyramids d. proximal convoluted tubules

c. renal pyramids

Chemical digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids occurs in the a. large intestine b. liver c. small intestine d. pancreas

c. small intestine

In the mesencephalon, integrating visual information with other sensory inputs and initiating involuntary motor responses are functions of the a. substantia nigra b. red nucleus c. superior colliculi d. cerebral peduncles

c. superior colliculi

Which of the following supplies blood to the small intestine? a. left gastric artery b. splenic artery c. superior mesenteric artery d. right gastric artery

c. superior mesenteric artery

Which of the following correctly identifies the path that blood takes on its way through the heart? a. Left ventricle, aorta, pulmonary veins, and right atrium b. Pulmonary veins, left atrium, tricuspid valve, and left ventricle c. Pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries, and left atrium d. Right atria, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary arteries

d. Right atria, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary arteries

General sensory information on its way to the cerebrum gets processed and relayed from which of the following areas of the brain? a. Pons b. Mesencephalon c. Cerebellum d. Thalamus

d. Thalamus

Why are the lungs NOT perfectly bilateral? a. The left lung is larger than the right lung. b. The angle at which the bronchi enter the left lung is steeper than the angle at which they enter the right lung. c. The left lung has more branches. d. The heart is found on the left side of the thorax, and thus the left lung must accommodate the presence of the heart.

d. The heart is found on the left side of the thorax, and thus the left lung must accommodate the presence of the heart.

Together the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus are called the a. gray matter b. cerebellum c. brain stem d. diencephalon

d. diencephalon

The limbic system a. induces an individual to go to sleep b. includes nuclei and tracts along the border between the diencephalon and metencephalon c. maintains consciousness d. establishes emotional states and related behavioral drives

d. establishes emotional states and related behavioral drives

The primary motor area is part of (the) a. parietal lobe b. reticular formation c. occipital lobe d. frontal lobe

d. frontal lobe

The digestive function of compaction takes place in the __________. a. esophagus b. mouth c. small intestine d. large intestine

d. large intestine

The bicuspid valve prevents blood flow into the: a. right ventricle b. right atrium c. left ventricle d. left atrium

d. left atrium

The lymphatic network begins with the ________, also called terminal lymphatics. a. lymphatic nodules b. cisterna chyli c. lymph nodes d. lymphatic capillaries

d. lymphatic capillaries

The upper respiratory system consists of the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and ________. a. larynx b. bronchi c. lungs d. pharynx

d. pharynx

The spinocerebellar pathway carries ________ information to the cerebellum for processing. a. temperature b. pain c. fine touch d. proprioceptive

d. proprioceptive

A motor homunculus ________. a. is the site that determines the intensity of a pain stimulus b. is proportional to the actual size of the represented body region c. is proportioned exactly the same as the sensory homunculus d. provides an indication of the degree of fine motor control available

d. provides an indication of the degree of fine motor control available

The respiratory epithelium consists of which tissue type? a. simple ciliated columnar epithelium b. transitional epithelium c. stratified squamous epithelium d. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

d. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

The valve found between the right atria and right ventricle is the a. mitral b. bicuspid c. pulmonary semilunar d. tricuspid

d. tricuspid

Topic 18: Heart & Circulatory System

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Topic 19: Lymphatic System

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Topic 20: Respiratory System

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Topic 21: Digestive System

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Topic 22 - Urinary System

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Topic 24: Neurology and Brain

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Topic 25 & 26: Spinal Cord, Pathways and Special Senses

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