Fine Art Questions

Ludwig van Beethoven

. The fourth movement of one work by this composer features a theme from his earlier The Creatures of Prometheus, and in that work's second movement, a C-major trio appears within a C-minor funeral march. Another work of his, nicknamed "The Apotheosis of Dance," follows a work whose second movement, featuring a B-flat string motif in 12/8 time, was entitled "By the Brook." That work was nicknamed "Pastoral," and a theme from this composer's "Apassionata" Sonata is featured in another of his works that opens with a "fate motif." For 10 points, name this German composer whose Ninth Symphony is set to "Ode to Joy."

Deposition from the Cross

A bearded old man with hollow-looking eye-sockets leans across a bar in an Escher-like one of these works by Rosso Fiorentino. Erwin Panofsky noted the "pictorial brilliance and sentiment" encapsulated by the "painted tears" in one of these paintings, in which a skull and a bone lie on the ground. Another of these pictures is crowded with weightless-looking figures in blue and pink pastels; that version is by Jacopo (*) Pontormo. A curved body in one of these paintings reflects its commission by a guild of crossbowmen; it shows field-of-cloth-of-gold robes on Joseph of Arimathea as well as a woman in blue swooning. Another painting of this type shows a white cloth and a ladder in the background as the central figure is carried down and Mary mourns. For 10 points, name this scene, painted by van der Weyden and Rubens, in which Christ is removed from the cross.

Patricia Piccinini

A long-haired head wearing a motorcycle helmet and a featureless head with a brown wig face each other in this artist's piece Joined Figure. Numerous teets dangle from this artist's massive balloon sculpture Skywhale, created for the centenary of their home country's capital city. This artist's "automotive" series was made up of warped creature-like assemblages of vehicle parts like tires, headlights, and rearview mirrors. During a 2019 visit to the Mint Museum in Charlotte, this question's author nearly jumped out of his skin upon turning a gallery corner a seeing this artist's sculpture Big Mother. This creator of numerous works depicting children snuggling with (*) grotesque monsters has a visual style similar to Ron Mueck. In perhaps this artist's moment of widest exposure, a circa-2003 internet hoax tried to pass off this artist's sculpture of a dog-human hybrid as a real creature. For 10 points, name this contemporary Australian artist known for her hyperrealist silicone sculptures of fantastical human-animal hybrid creatures.

Piano Sonata

A movement marked Precipitato ends the highly dissonant seventh piece in this genre by Prokofiev, one of three that he composed during World War II. Descending tritones open a "quasi-[one of these pieces]" based on the Divine Comedy. The final section of a single-movement piece in this genre is a fugato marked Allegro energico; that massive work in B minor was written by (*) Franz Liszt. A funeral march is the third movement of Chopin's B-flat minor piece of this type. One of these pieces by Mozart imitated the sound of Turkish janissary bands in the third movement "Rondo alla turca". For ten points, name this type of composition for solo piano exemplified by Beethoven's "Moonlight".

Paul Cezanne

A painting by this artist in which the table surface appears curved and slanted and the statue is missing its arms is Still life with Plaster Cupid, and he showed his sister playing piano in The Overture to Tannhauser. Near the end of his life, this artist painted works such as Three Skulls on a Rug and Pyramid of Skulls. Picasso said this artist was "like the father of us all." During the 1890s, he painted a series, often with the man on the left smoking a white pipe, of men seated at tables playing cards. Name this French Post- Impressionist who often portrayed Mount Sainte-Victoire

The Luncheon of the Boating Party

A partially-hidden railway bridge is visible behind some bushes in the distant background of this painting, which was controversially "restored" in 1954 by Sheldon and Caroline Keck. In its upper right, a man in a yellow hat puts his arm around a woman who holds her gloved hands to her face. The striped awning was a late addition to this painting, the center of which features a contemplative-looking woman drinking from a glass. The two (*) straw-hat-wearing figures leaning against the diagonal railing in this painting are the children of its location's owner, while the woman in the bottom left playing with a dog is its artist's future wife Aline Charigot, and the man sitting backwards in a chair is Gustave Caillebotte. For 10 points, identify this painting set at the Maison Fournaise, a depiction of a meal by Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

Vietnam

A photographer born in this country uses photosynthesis to print photographs on leafs from his mother's garden, then casts them in resin. Philip Jones Griffith denounced color photojournalism in his book titled for this country "Inc." Life magazine photographs taken in this country are spliced together with magazine photos of American homes in the House Beautiful series of Martha Rosler. Photographs from this country inspired a series of paintings of bloody flying shapes by Nancy Spero and three large paintings on canvas titled for this country by her husband Leon Golub. An image by the (*) Art Worker's Coalition places the words "Q. And Babies? A. And Babies." over a photograph from this country. Eddie Adams took a photo in this country of a handcuffed man in a flannel shirt being shot in the head by a general. For 10 points, name this birthplace of Binh Danh, where a photo of a naked child running from a napalm attack was taken in 1972.

Russia

A pioneering female artist working in this country, who painted New Girl at School and several portraits of Aylmer Maude, was Emily Shanks. A painter from this country showed a dark, hooded Judas casting a huge shadow as he walks away from a reclining Christ in his 1861 depiction of the Last Supper. Those painters from this country were members of the Wanderers, as was a man who depicted the surprising return of a political (*) exile in They Did Not Expect Him and showed men laughing uproariously while writing a letter to Sultan Mehmed IV in another painting. The most famous painting by that native of this country depicts eleven tired men dragging a barge upriver. For 10 points, name this home country of Nikolai Ge and Ilya Repin, who painted Volga Boatmen.

Children

A pro-Kremlin protester threw a jar of his urine at a photo of one of these people at a 2016 exhibition called Absence of Shame. The cover images of the collections The Last Day of Summer and Radiant Identities depict these people. Jock Sturges and David Hamilton have been criticized for their photographs of these people. These people are the subject of the photography book Tulsa by Larry Clark. In her early work, Sally Mann courted controversy with photographs of these people. Anne Geddes is best known for her photographs of these people. (*) Steve McCurry garnered fame for his photograph of one of these people in a red headscarf, which was displayed on the cover of National Geographic; that person of this type was from Afghanistan. For 10 points, name this type of person, one of whom was photographed holding a toy hand grenade in Central Park by Diane Arbus.

The Arnolfini Wedding

A red fruit can be seen on the window sill on the left this painting, and a figure in a green dress wears a golden bracelet around her neck. That figure also wears a white veil on her head, and a chandelier with a single candle appears above the convex mirror. A feather duster is hung around the bed post on the right, and a pair of red sandals appears below a red chair. A large signature states that its painter "was here", and a brown dog stands below the two main figures. For 10 points, name this depiction of a couple holding hands, a work by Jan van Eyck.

The Third of May, 1808

A screenshot of this painting is seen near the beginning of Luis Buñuel's film The Phantom of Liberty. This painting served as the basis for a Pablo Picasso painting showing a group of robotic men and a group of pregnant women in North Korea. This painting's only light source is a large, box lantern partially obscured by one figure's leg. That lantern casts light on a man in a white shirt and yellow pants whose arms stretch upwards in a V shape, mirroring the posture of a bloody corpse beneath him. The companion to a painting subtitled The Charge of the Mamelukes, the right hand side of this painting is dominated by a row of soldiers wearing hats and pointing muskets away from the viewer. For 10 points, name this painting showing a massacre by French troops during the occupation of Spain, a work of Francisco de Goya.

The Ship of Fools

A table in this painting bears a white plate with cherries on it and a dice cup. A man carrying a staff with the face of a jester on it and wearing a jester's suit with donkey ears sits apart from the other figures of this painting and sips from a cup. The artist's sketch The Woods that Hears and Sees depicts a version of the owl that sits in a treetop in the upper part of this painting. In this painting, a man is trying to use a knife to cut down a roast goose tied to the trunk of that tree, from which also hangs a pancake that a nun and a monk are opening their mouths to eat. This painting is the top two thirds of a (*) panel whose bottom third is titled the Allegory of Gluttony, and together was a wing of a lost triptych along with Death and the Miser. This painting draws on a Sebastian Brant satire and depicts a conveyance steered with a spoon. For 10 points, name this Hieronymus Bosch painting depicting a boat of crazy people.

The Persistence of Memory

According to legend, this painting was inspired by its artist eating some Camembert cheese while trying to figure out how to complete his landscape of Port Lligat. Twenty-three years after its completion, its artist painted The Disintegration of this painting. This painting depicts golden cliffs in the right background, a (*) swarm of ants in the left foreground, and a barren tree across which one of its most notable features is draped. For 10 points, name this Salvador Dali painting, which features melting clocks.

Titian

Alveroldi commissioned this man's polyptych depicting St. Sebastian in the lower right and Nazarius and Celsus on the left. This man painted two different depictions of Tarquin and Lucretia, the second of which shows Tarquin in red brandishing a knife at the nude Lucretia. In another of his works, a man on the left pushes aside a red curtain as a group of bathing nudes struggle to cover up. This artist of Diana and Actaeon also painted a work for the wedding of Niccolo Aureliano depicting (*) Cupid reaching into a sarcophagus flanked by a nude Venus and a bride. A girl rummages through a chest in the background of one of his paintings, which depicts a dog lying next to a nude woman reclining on a white-sheeted bed. For 10 points, name this Italian renaissance artist of Sacred and Profane Love and Venus of Urbino.

The Encyclopedia

An Arthur Wilson biography claims that viewers "became favorable to change" when they looked at the images in this work. A critic proclaimed that "nothing shows wood's humanizing power better than" the "world of machines" depicted in images accompanying this work. The ninth and tenth volumes of illustrations to this work are still of interest since they depict the secrets of the Gobelins Manufactory. The 5,000 images that accompany this work were hailed as the beginning of a "philosophy of the object" by Roland Barthes, who called their depictions of subjects such as coin-making and iron-forging a "French Golden Legend." Robert Benard spent over 20 years overseeing the engravings that accompany this work, which accompanied texts by the scientist D'Alembert, among others. For 10 points, name this illustrated, multi-volume French text supervised by Denis Diderot.

Electric Guitar

An album named for the "genius" of this instrument features solos for it on songs such as "Seven Come Eleven" and "Solo Flight." In 1947, Sister Rosetta Tharpe switched to playing this instrument while performing hit gospel songs like "Up Above My Head." Eddie Durham is credited with being the first jazz musician to record using this instrument, which John McLaughlin played on the Miles Davis albums In a Silent Way and Bitches Brew. Another performer of this instrument played it alongside his wife Mary Ford on hits like "How High the Moon." This instrument was played by Charlie Christian and Wes Montgomery, who used his thumb instead of a plectrum. Orville Gibson founded a company which mainly produced these instruments, including one nicknamed "Black Beauty." For 10 points, name this instrument which uses a pickup and was pioneered by Les Paul.

Belgium

An artist from this country painted over human femur bones with the colors of his country's flag, and opened a fake "Museum of Modern Art, Department of Eagles" in his own home. A group of critics in this nation rejected a work in which the artist's sister Mitche sits at a cluttered dining table eating oysters. Along with Georges Lemmen and Fernand Khnopff, the painter of that work was a member of a group in this nation founded by Octave Maus. An artist from this country showed a monkey's crucifixion in The Vile Vivisectors, and evoked a Mardi Gras parade in a painting showing a crowd of mask-like faces marching under a banner reading "Vive La Sociale." For 10 points, name this nation home to Marcel Broodthaers, Les XX [lay vant], and James Ensor, the artist of Christ's Entry Into Brussels.

Bela Barstok

An early work of this composer is notable for its jagged "Geyer" motif, while one orchestral work includes a piece that opens with a chromatic, twelve-entry fugue, and his Fourth And Fifth String Quartets exhibit his trademark contrapuntal arch form. This man used a carol about a man and his nine sons hunting as the basis for his Cantata Profana, and his only opera is a sparse production featuring Judith and the titular nobleman within a seven-doored abode. For 10 points, identify this Hungarian composer of the Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta, Concerto for Orchestra, and the opera Duke Bluebeard's Castle.

Mariachi Music

An international, all-female ensemble of so-called "divas" was assembled to perform this genre by Cindy Shea. This musical genre is based on a style whose measures alternate between 3/4 ("three-four") and 6/8 ("six-eight") time, which is a type of son ("sohn"). Men sing songs in this genre to their lovers in the Plaza Garibaldi in many charro movies. A famous ensemble of performers in this folk genre was assembled by (*) Gaspar Vargas. States that claim to be the home of this genre include Colima, Nayarit, and Michoacán ("meech-wah-KAHN"). Bands that play this genre of music often play a song whose refrain says "Sing and don't cry" or "Canta y no llores" ("KAHN-tah ee no YOH-res"), as well as "The Cockroach" or "La Cucaracha." For 10 points, name this genre of music played by bands of sombrero-wearing performers in Mexico.

Edward Benjamin Britten

An operatic work by this composer begins with a rendition of the hymn Te lucis ante terminum, and in that work, the flute represents the Madwoman while the horn represents the Ferryman. In the prologue of one work by this composer, an oath is administered to the title character by Mr. Swallow. This composer worked with W. H. Auden on an operetta featuring Hot Biscuit Sam and the title (*) lumberjack. In one opera by this composer of Paul Bunyan and Albert Herring, the death of an apprentice causes the title fisherman to drown himself. For 10 points, name this composer of Billy Budd and Peter Grimes, as well as The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra.

Chicago

An oval-shaped stainless-steel tube encloses the train tracks passing over a campus center designed by Rem Koolhaas for a university in this city. One of this city's landmarks features a black granite reflecting pool between two LED-covered 50-foot-high glass towers. This city is home to Jaume Plensa's Crown Fountain and the BP Pedestrian Bridge, whose architect Frank Gehry also designed its Jay Pritzker Pavilion. This city was also home to a pair of pavilions designed by Zaha Hadid and Ben van Berkel that were named for one of its city planners, Daniel Burnham. This city is also home to Frank Lloyd Wright's Robie House, as well as a bean-shaped sculpture by Anish Kapoor called Cloud Gate which is found in its Millenium Park. For 10 points, identify this Midwestern city in which one can also find the former Sears Tower.

The Last Supper

Andrea del Castango's depiction of this scene includes five marble panels in subdued colors and one violently colored panel above the central figures. Duke Ludovico commissioned a painting of this scene to decorate the refectory of the Santa Maria della Grazie. Veronese's Feast in the House of Levi originally had this title, which names a painting on a diagonal axis by Tintoretto. For 10 points, name this scene painted by Leonardo da Vinci, which portrays Jesus and his disciples gathered around a table for a meal.

Artworks

Following Croce, R G Collingwood argued for four types of them including a "proper" one in a book titled for The Principlesof a certain subject. Arthur Danto introduced a namesake "world" of these things key to understanding them. Helen Gardner wrote a textbook on these things Through the Ages. Their "aura" has been destroyed by modern capitalist practices according to Walter (*) Benjamin. John Dewey proposed treating them "as Experience." Clement Greenberg differentiated between the "avant-garde" and "kitsch" in these things. For 10 points, name these things, examples of which include Dogs Playing Poker, Beethoven's Fifth, and Van Gogh's A Pair of Shoes.

Luncheon

For the MoMA's Modern Restaurant, Mickalene Thomas reimagined one of these events with collaged images of three afroed black women. It's not an execution, but an artist cut into three pieces a painting of one of these events featuring Frédéric Bazille. A painting of one of these events elicited the assertion that "no one goes to the Louvre to be scandalized" from Émile Zola. A brittle-boned artist repeatedly copies a painting of one of these events in the film (*) Amélie. A painting of one of these events drew poses from Marcantonio Raimondi's Judgement of Paris. Aline Charigot plays with a dog while guests in straw hats converse under a striped awning in a Renoir painting of one of these events. For 10 points, a nude woman sits with two fully-dressed men in a Manet painting of a gathering for what meal "on the grass?"

Paolo Caliari Veronese

He was first attracted to Mannerism after studying under Antonio Badile, producing such early works as The Family of Darius before Alexander. However, he fell under the influence of Tintoretto and produced such works as Agony in the Garden and 1587's Saint Pantaleone Healing a Child. His large workshop featured such artists as del Frisco and produced the scandalous 1573 Last Supper in the House of Simon, which the Inquisition forced him to rename The Feast in the House of Levi. For 10 points, identify this painter from Verona perhaps best known for his The Marriage at Cana.

Gustav Theodore Holst

He wrote a ballet in which the Flame enchants all the moths in the room except for the most beautiful, Folia, titled The Lure. He also wrote an opera in which the titular character tells a story to reveal the wife's sexual affairs, titled The Wandering Scholar. That same year he wrote a piece for the BBC Military Band, Hammersmith, and two years earlier he wrote A Moorside Suite, but he is better known for a piece inspired by a vacation in Algeria first entitled Oriental Suite and an opera that is based on an episode from the (*) Mahabharata. For 10 points, name this British composer of the suite Beni Mora and the opera Savitri, who depicted "the bringer of jollity" and "the bringer of war" in The Planets.

Prelude in C Major

Heinrich Schenker's foreground graph of this musical work strangely omits the B natural in its 23rd bar, and is the second graph included in the Dover edition of his influential Five Graphic Music Analyses. In an intense chromatic moment in the eighth bar of this piece, the bass is suspended on the leading tone, creating a tonic major seventh chord, before resolving down to become the root of a minor 7th chord on scale degree 6. Arvo Pärt based portions of his 1968 choral-orchestral work Credo on this piece, which Rosalyn Tureck performed at a notoriously-slow circa 48 beats per minute on a 1953 recording. All but the last three bars of this piece follow a repeated three-voice notation pattern of—from bottom to top—a half note, a dotted eighth tied to a quarter, and six 16th notes. Charles Gounod placed a vocal melody above this other piece in his Ave Maria. For 10 points, name this first piece in the first book of J.S. Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier.

D Major

In Baroque music, this key was known as the "trumpet key," since most Baroque trumpet concertos were written for it. Handel used this key to compose his coronation anthem Zadok the Priest and the Hallelujah Chorus. Brahms, Beethoven, and Tchaikovsky all composed their violin concertos in this key, whose beginning note is the lower middle string on a (*) violin. This key is the relative major of B minor, as well as the key of Pachelbel's Canon. For 10 points, name this major key which has two sharps, and is one whole step above C major.

Camille Saint-Saens

In a movement of an orchestral suite by this composer, the slow theme "E, D-sharp, E, D-sharp, E" is played by string quartet, flute, and glass armonica while two pianos repeat rippling arpeggios in opposite directions. His Violin Concerto No. 3 in B minor begins with a timpani roll, after which the soloist enters immediately; that concerto was dedicated to Pablo de Sarasate, like this composer's Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso. In a tone poem by this man, a solo violin enters playing a tritone after a harp strikes twelve Ds to evoke the stroke of midnight. A xylophone imitates bones in both that tone poem and Fossils, which is from a suite by this man that includes Aquarium and The Swan. For 10 points, name this composer of Carnival of the Animals.

Berthe Morisot

In a work by this artist, a lady with a parasol sits on a stone ledge that wraps around an inlet of water, where several ships are docked. Another of this painter's works shows a seated red-haired girl facing right, where a green parrot is perched on a stand. This artist made heavy use of pastel pink, blue, and white brushstrokes in a work in which a glass vase and flowers sit on a small table and are also reflected in the mirror at right. This painter of The Harbor at Lorient showed ducks swimming past two women out on a boat ride on a pond in the painting Summer's Day. This artist sits behind a green railing next to (*) Fanny Claus and Antoine Guillemet in another painter's The Balcony. This artist of Woman at Her Toilette showed a curtain forming a tent around the title object in her most famous work, in which a mother watches on as her child sleeps peacefully. For 10 points, name this woman who painted The Cradle, a French Impressionist and sister-in-law of Edouard Manet.

Johannes Brahms

In his youth, this composer embarked on an early trip with violinist Eduard Reményi, during which he scandalously fell asleep during a performance of Liszt's Piano Sonata and met lifelong friend Joseph Joachim, to whom he dedicated his Violin Concerto in D major. After the premiere of the first of his four symphonies, which debuted when he was forty-three, he commented that "any ass" could see the similarities between it and the Choral symphony. The death of his mother and Robert Schumann inspired this composer to write a sacred work that uses text from the Luther Bible. For 10 points, name this German composer whose first symphony is sometimes dubbed "Beethoven's Tenth," who also composed the Academic Festival Overture and A German Requiem.

Sandro Botticelli

In one of his paintings, an unfinished bridge can be seen out a window as the Archangel Gabriel kneels before the Madonna with his billowing folds. Another painting by this artist of the Cestello Annunciation shows angles holding a book open as Mary writes on a page which features the song of Zachariah, and is called the Madonna of the Magnificat. In one of his works, this student of Fra Lippo Lippi showed a red-cloaked Mercury stretching his arms to pluck an orange as the three Graces dance a rondel and Flora scatters about some flower petals. For 10 points, identify this Renaissance artist who painted La Primavera and who showed a goddess emerging out of a seashell in his The Birth of Venus.

Paul Klee

In one of this artist's drawings, a girl watches from a window as the 112 ark crashes into her house. This artist painted a monochromatic sad face covered with a black X in reaction to being singled out as a Jew and fired from his job as a teacher at Dusseldorf Academy. This painter of Miraculous Landing and Struck From the List gave up painting with models after a life-changing trip to Tunisia. He described painting as taking "an active line on a walk" in a pile of lecture notes that Walter Gropius assembled into the Pedagogical Sketchbook. Against a blue background, a wire connects to a hand-crank and shackles several birds in his masterpiece. For 10 points, name this Swiss artist who painted Twittering Machine.

Marc Chagall

In one of this artist's works, a man with two faces sits near a scene where a parachutist is falling near the Eiffel Tower. This artist was hired to replace Jules Eugene Lenepveu's design of the ceiling of the Opera Garnier. Another of this artist's works depicts its title figure in a prayer shawl and a head cloth to the left of a burning synagogue. This artist of (*) Paris Through the Window is best known for a painting in which an upside-down woman plays a violin in the middle of a scene reminiscent of his hometown of Vitebsk. For 10 points, name this Belorussian-French artist who painted White Crucifixion and I and the Village.

John Singer Sargent

In one painting by this artist, two old women dressed in black sit reading and knitting under mosquito nets. A red-haired woman wearing a green dress adorned with beetle wings holds a crown above her head in this artist's Ellen Terry as Lady Macbeth. Two large Japanese vases dominate a depiction of four young girls by this artist, who showed nine blinded (*) soldiers walking in a line in the aftermath of a mustard gas attack in another painting. This artist's portrayal of a woman in a black dress with jeweled straps caused a scandal at the Paris Salon of 1884. For 10 points, name this American artist of The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit and Portrait of Madame X.

Norman Rockwell

In one painting by this man, a golden helmet and portraits of Albrecht Durer, Rembrandt, and Vincent van Gogh adorn the top and right side of an easel. The phrase "Each according to the dictates of his own conscience" appears at the top of this man's portrayal of an old woman holding her hands in prayer. This artist looks at a mirror and smokes a pipe while drawing himself smoking a pipe in his Triple Self-Portrait. His painting of a turkey dinner is the "from want" section of the Four Freedoms series. For 10 points, name this artist of Rosie the Riveter who designed covers for the Saturday Evening Post.

Raphael's Madonnas

In the background of one work in this series of paintings, a rainbow arches over a flaming bolt striking Chigi Palace to commemorate a miracle where Sigismondo de Conti's house was not damaged when hit by lightning. In the background of another one of these paintings a horse wades in a cold lake surrounded by snowy mountains and bare trees, while the central figure originally held a pomegranate rather than a book. In addition to that painting commissioned by the Connestabile family for the Russian tsarina, another one of these paintings shows an Archangel presenting Tobias who holds a shining fish whose gall bladder he used to cure his father's blindness. Along with the "Foligno" and "Tempi" versions of this type of painting, the artist's pupil Gianfrancesco Penni helped complete one showing the main figure "with a blue diadem," while another one is sometimes named after the Englishman Lord Garvagh but is usually titled after the Aldobrandini family. The influence of the artist's teacher Perugino is seen on the small Cowper one, while in one the most famous ones an infant strokes a goldfinch held by John the Baptist. For 10 points, name this group of depictions of the Virgin Mary by the artist who painted The Disputa and The School of Athens.

Aida

In the fourth act of this opera, one character sings "L'aborrita rivale a me sfuggia" as she calls for guards to bring a lover to her. After being condemned to death, one character in this opera sings "Ahime, morir mi sento" as another curses the clergymen who have sentenced him. After a celebration of a victory over an invading army, a captured king in this work agrees to be held hostage with his daughter, who is tricked into confessing her love for the victorious general by Amneris. This opera ends after the titular woman crawls into a vault in order to die alongside her lover, Radames. For 10 points, name this opera about an Ethiopian princess by Giuseppe Verdi.

Pieta

Later works of this type exhibited the artists' skill at proportion by depicting the male subject at the feet of the female. In the most prominent example, the body of one figure appears to be asleep rather than dead, with its relaxed limbs and head falling back limply. The exquisite carving of the other figure's neckline shows the quality of the marble used but was never repeated in the artist's later sculptures. For 10 points, name this Michelangelo sculpture, the only one he ever signed, consisting of a dead Christ on the lap of the Virgin Mary.

tomb or funerary monument

Louis-Francois Roubiliac was one of the foremost producers of these artworks in 18th-century Britain, with the most outstanding examples being one produced for William Hargrave and another for Lady Elizabeth Nightingale. Jacob Epstein produced a notable artwork of this kind featuring a winged messenger, which caused controversy in France for emphasizing the genitalia of the figure depicted. One of these artworks, created by Antonio Pollaiuolo, shows its subject, Innocent VIII, in two different positions, a motif partially repeated by Antonio Canova, who created a work of this type for Clement XIV. The statue of Moses with what appear to be two horns on his head was carved by Michaelangelo as the centerpiece of another famous artwork of this kind. For 10 points, identify these types of artworks which include Epstein's one for Oscar Wilde in Pere Lachaise and one for Pope Julius II.

Mark Rothko

Many of this artist's later works reflect the somber mood that led to his suicide, such as his series of murals for the nondenominational church of Houston, Texas, which he considered his best work. Probably best-known for a series of nine paintings originally intended to decorate a restaurant of the Seagram Building, his contemplative style reflected his advocacy of "the simple expression of the complex thought", seen in works like "Slow Swirl by the Edge of the Sea". A leader of the New York school and a founder of Colour Field Painting, For 10 points, who was this Russian-born American artist of "Subway (Subterranean Fantasy)", "Black on Maroon", and "Red on Maroon"?

Soprano

Maria Callas, nicknamed "The Divine," had this vocal range. One aria sung in this voice promises revenge against Tamino and Pamina and is named for its singer, the Queen of the Night. That aria contains several series of high C's, and the lowest notes this voice calls for is the A below the staff. One subtype of this voice is called the coloratura. For 10 points, name this vocal range which is above the alto.

El Amor Brujo

Near the beginning of this work, an offstage mezzo-soprano sings the "Song of a Broken Heart." It's not Daphnis and Chloe, but its pantomime section is preceded by improvisatory solos for oboe and flute. The piano, chimes, horn, and harp play repeated D's for twelve measures to signal the onset of midnight, which triggers the central action in the wake of the second movement, "In the Cave." Its choreography draws inspiration from the climactic wedding scene of its composer's first major work, the opera The Brief Life. The "bells of sunrise" signal the hopeful finale in this work which also includes the "Dance of Terror." A piece beginning with an eight-bar trilled E takes place within a magical circle designed to exorcise the spirit of the heroine's former lover. For 10 points, name this ballet about Carmelo and Candelas, a work by Manuel de Falla that includes "Will o' the Wisp" and a "Ritual Fire Dance."

The Pirates of Penzance

One character in this work praises her "family descent" before lamenting that "A crisis, now, affairs are coming to!" This occurs after that character learns that her lover will not return to her until 1940 due to an unfortunate loophole in an apprenticeship contract. A recurring group of characters in this work sings "tarantara," but their rivals approach "with catlike tread." This work ends with a revelation that the title criminals are "all noblemen who have gone wrong," which allows Frederic to marry Mabel. For 10 points, name this opera which features a character who claims to be "the very model of a modern Major-General," composed by Gilbert and Sullivan.

Poland

One composer from this country wrote the Rebirth symphony before being killed by an avalanche. This non-German country was the home of a pianist who wrote a famous Minuet in G and also served as its Prime Minister. One work from this country calls for 52 strings to bow on the wrong side of the bridge to depict an (*) atomic bombing, and was titled Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima. A native son of this country commemorated its November Uprising in his "Revolutionary" etude and wrote the Minute Waltz. For 10 points, name this home country of Krzysztof Penderecki ["kuh-zhish-tof pen-der-ET-skee"] and Frederic Chopin.

Republic of Austria v. Altmann

One of the issues in this controversy was the ability of a woman to pay a filing fee of $1.6 million. Two worksinvolved in this controversy are Apple Tree I and Beechwood, which shows a forest of bare tree trunks. Randol Schoenberg, grandson of the composer Arnold, helped resolve this controversy, which was caused by Erich Fuerher's seizure and donation to a certain gallery of several paintings. Its legal resolution was made possible by a provision of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. A work involved in (*) this controversy shows a woman wearing a large black hat in front of a red and green wall, while another shows her in a golden dress that matches the golden background. This eventual Supreme Court case was the subject of the film The Woman in Gold, whose title references a portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer. For 10 points, name this controversy in which the Republic of Austria was sued by Bloch-Bauer's niece over five Gustav Klimt paintings that were seized during the Holocaust.

Symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

One of these compositions by a certain composer has a theme that begins with three repetitions of E-flat, D, D, then a higher B-flat. That one, and the "little G minor" one, which is the twenty-fifth of them, are the only compositions of this type by that composer in a minor key. The last of them has a five-voice fugato as well as a double fugue in its finale. The "Haffner" and "Linz" ones are not as well known as the fortieth of them, known as the "great," and the final one, nicknamed the (*) "Jupiter." For 10 points, identify this set of forty-one works for orchestra by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Roman Emperors

One of these figures can be seen standing next to a chariot in the Belvedere Altar. A sculpture of that one of these figures depicts him as a priest, but that sculpture lost its arms due to time. An eight-and-a-half-foot bust of one of these figures from the 4th century is what mostly remains of a once-colossal statue of him. A portrait bust of a rather insane one of these figures shows him holding two apples in one hand, a club with the other hand, and a Herculean lion skin that adorns his head. A sculpture named after one of them was built by Apollodorus of Damascus and commemorates a victory over Decebalus. The only surviving bronze equestrian statue from antiquity is of one of these figures. The victory of one of these figures over the Dacians is commemorated in a namesake Column. For 10 points, identify these rulers, examples of whom include Commodus, Trajan, and Augustus.

Cross/Crucifix

One of these objects and its user are the main subjects of the Alexamenos graffito, which contains the oldest visual depiction of these objects. The oldest of these objects in sculpture from north of the Alps was constructed around 965 AD and is named for Gero, while another sculpture of one named for Lothair is a prime example of Ottonian art. They were displayed in gemmata form prior to the Middle Ages due to a belief that their "glorified" version was more appropriate for the public eye. One of them is at the center of the best known painting of (*) Rogier van der Weyden. Andreas Serrano's most controversial work shows one submerged in urine. Two thieves are shown on these objects in many paintings set at Calvary. For 10 points, identify this object used by the Romans to kill Jesus.

Paganini's 24 Caprices for Solo Violin

One of these works holds an open D, imitating a bagpipe drone, while the first of these pieces features E major descending thirds and 32nd-note ricochet arpeggios. The 9th features double stops imitating flutes and horns and is nicknamed "The Hunt". The 6th one of these compositions features a continuous left-hand tremolo and is nicknamed "The Trill", while the 13th is nicknamed "The Devil's Laughter". The last of these pieces, number 24, was quoted in Rachmaninoff's Rhapsody on a Theme of the composer of these works. For 10 points, name this collection of technically challenging studies for the violin composed by an Italian virtuoso.

John Philip Sousa

One of this man's works was written to commemorate a park resort at Manhattan Beach. Monty Python used a song by this man called "The Liberty Bell" as its theme song. This man wrote one work for an essay contest by the Washington Post. Piccolos (*) play an obbligato and are later joined by the brass in one song by this composer. The official national march of the U.S. was written by this man, and that march was known as "Stars and Stripes Forever." For 10 points, name this man who was known as the "March King."

Frieze of Life

One work in this series shows two mouth-less lovers staring at each other who are separated by a tree, which is titled Eye to Eye. In one piece a virgin in a white gown looks out to sea on the left, while in the center a nude woman with red hair stands with her legs spread apart staring at the viewer. Another work in this cycle is titled for a burnt out log on the edge of the canvas and shows a man with his head in his arms on the bottom left, who is disappointed about ending an affair. Woman in Three Stages and Ashes are members of this series that includes a sexualized portrait of Mary with a red halo surrounded by an embryo, which is titled Madonna. This group of paintings features the death of the artist's sister Sophie in Death in the Sickroom, and the paintings Anxiety and Despair feature the swirling red sky and Oslo Bridge that are also seen in this series' best-known work. For 10 points, name this series of 22 paintings including The Scream created by Edvard Munch.

Pop Art

One work of art in this movement includes two people in a yellow and blue silhouette and uses those two colors in an oversize rendering of an American flag atop a skyscraper. That artist of As Is When touched off this movement with his lecture "Bunk" and created I Was a Rich Man's Plaything. Eduardo Paolozzi's later works are associated with this movement, one member of which used the This Is Tomorrow exhibition to display a piece that includes a Romance poster and a nude bodybuilder holding a tootsie pop. Another member of this movement showed a woman's face surrounded by waves as she proclaims that she'd rather sink than call Brad for help. The best known member of this movement created the Marilyn Diptych and painted a lot of Campbell's soup cans. For 10 points, name this movement which included Richard Hamilton, Roy Lichtenstein, and Andy Warhol.

Gustave Mahler

Only the first movement survives of this composer's 1876 Piano Quartet in A minor, written in his student days at the Vienna Conservatory. Cowbells are employed in the first "Nachtmusik" movement of his seventh symphony. The finale of his fourth symphony and his Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen both set texts from the German folk poem collection, Das Knaben Wunderhorn. His fifth symphony opens with a funeral march in C-sharp minor and contains an Adagietto in F major, while his sixth symphony contains a melody named for his wife, Alma. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of symphonies nicknamed "Titan," "Tragic," and "Resurrection."

balalaika

Outside of its country of origin, the largest society named for this instrument is based in Fairfax, VA, where it was founded by ex-IBM executive Max McCullough. This instrument comes in eight standard sizes, ranging from tiny "descant" ones to large "contrabass" ones. In a 1965 film, a leitmotif played by this instrument appears during a scene in which a man runs through an ice-palace and breaks open a window to watch a woman ride away. Orchestras which are named for these instruments typically also contain the domra and (*) gusli to complement it in the string section. High notes on this instrument accompany the orchestra through "Lara's Theme" from Maurice Jarre's score to David Lean's Doctor Zhivago. This instrument was revived in the late 19th century by Vasily Andreyev, who standardized its design to have a triangular base. For 10 points, name this guitar-like string instrument from Russia, with love.

La Primavera

Ovid's calendar Fasti is often cited as an inspiration for this painting. The foliage around the central figure has led to speculation that she may be Madonna and not the Greek goddess with which she is associated. At this painting's right, Zephyr kidnaps Chloris, who is turning into (*) Flora. Mercury brushes clouds away with his caduceus at the far left of this painting located in Florence's Uffizi Gallery. To his right are the three Graces dancing a rondel, one of whom is targeted by Cupid. The central figure, Venus, stands below Cupid with one palm toward the viewer. For 10 points, identify this large panel painting that Giorgio Vasari said reminded him of spring, a work by Sandro Botticelli.

Las Meninas

Picasso made forty-four versions of this 17th Century painting about three hundred years after it was first completed. The left side of the painting shows the artist working on a very large canvas, and the right side of the painting shows two dwarfs, one of whom has his foot on a dog. The center of the picture shows the girl Margarita dressed in white, and the back of the picture has a mirror reflecting the image of the King and Queen. Name this 17th Century masterpiece by Diego Velazquez.

Cellos

Players of this instrument include Gregor Piatigorsky, for whom both Walton and Hindemith dedicated their concertos, and Arthur Toscanini, who played it at the premiere of Aida. The Davidoff Stradivarius was played by Jacqueline du Pre, who helped popularize the concerto for it by Elgar. The fifth suite of Bachianas Brasileiras calls for eight of these instruments, six solos for which were written by J.S. Bach. Shostakovich's concertos for it were written for Mstislav Rostropovich, while another player of it founded the Silk Road Ensemble. For 10 points, name this stringed instrument that is played by Pablo Casals and Yo-Yo Ma.

barcarolle

Schubert pieces in this genre include his last song with text by Johann Mayrhofer, and the third Heine song in Schwanengesang, which, unusually, is in a major key. Alkan's Troisième recueil des chants ends with one of these pieces. Gabriel Fauré wrote 13 non-nocturne piano pieces in this genre. The "June" movement of Tchaikovsky's The Seasons is in this genre, which was used for the first two pieces in the "supplement" to the second year of Liszt's Years of Pilgrimage, including a transcription of one of them from Act III of Rossini's Otello. Liszt paid homage to this genre in two very late pieces titled with the adjective "Lugubre." Chopin included lengthy double trills on A sharp and C sharp in the right hand in his 12/8-time, F-sharp major piece in this genre, which is often paired with his Berceuse. Schubert's Auf dem Wasser zu singen pays homage to this genre. For 10 points, name this genre that Mendelssohn used in his three Songs Without Words labelled "Venetian Gondola Song."

Francisco Goya

Several works in a series by this artist depict donkeys variously as doctors, teachers, readers, and portrait sitters. The Belvedere torso inspired this artist's depiction of an armless naked man impaled on a tree stump. In one work, this artist etched a cat looking up at a man slumped on a desk as owls and bats fly up behind him. That aquatint etching by this artist is called The (*) Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters. This artist's This is worse is an etching in a series by this artist that depicts violence during the Peninsular War. This artist of Los Caprichos painted a single box lantern illuminating a man with arms spread wide as he faces a firing squad. For 10 points, name this Spanish artist of The Disasters of War and The Third of May, 1808.

galops [or galoppades]

Shostakovich composed one of these dances as an interlude between the scenes in Kovalev's bedroom and Kazan Cathedral in Act I of his opera The Nose. These dances are the final movements of Bizet's Petite Suite and Khachaturian's Masquerade suite. Hans Christian Lumbye depicted the popping of a cork at the beginning of one he composed named for a bottle of champagne. Dmitry Kabalevsky composed a frequently excerpted example of these dances as the second movement of his suite The Comedians. Liszt often ended his concerts with a virtuosic "grand chromatique" piece of this type. Music hall chorus lines often perform a certain high-kicking dance to the "infernal" one of these pieces from the final scene of Orpheus in the Underworld. Rossini used its driving rhythm for the finale of the William Tell Overture. For 10 points, name this ballroom dance from which the can-can was derived, that imitates the fastest gait of a horse.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Some of his earliest works are found in a book used by his father to teach piano to his sister, the Nannerl Notebuch. This composer of the "Jeunehomme" Piano Concerto and an unfinished "Great" Mass in C Minor wrote a piano work suggesting the sounds of Ottoman military bands. Franz Sussmayer completed a work of this composer of a Coronation Mass and Rondo Alla Turca, who wrote many symphonies including the Linz, Haffner, Great G Minor, and Jupiter. His death left his Requiem unfinished, and his Serenade No. 13 for strings is called Eine Kleine Nachtmusik. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of operas such as Cosi Fan Tutte and Don Giovanni.

Gustave Mahler's Symphony No. 4

Swiss music critic William Ritter recalled noticing "at once" that "something was up" about this symphony at its premiere, remarking that "it obviously spelt danger." A french horn solo marked "fun" in this symphony's second movement plays spaced C, C, B-flat, spaced A-flat, G, A-flat, spaced B-flat, then repeats this down a step. A movement in this symphony that reminded the composer of their mother's smile is sometimes argued not to be in (+) double variation form because the theme beginning long D, down to G, long F-sharp, G, A, B, long C, B, A, long B does not truly vary. In this symphony, a movement ending with eight isolated oboe sixteenth notes before a final descending interval in the woodwinds precedes a lyrical movement marked (*) Ruhevoll. This symphony opens with flutes and sleigh bells playing staccato appoggiatura eighth note chords in a movement marked Bedächtig, nicht eilen. For 10 points, name this symphony whose finale features a solo soprano singing Das himmlische Leben, the last by its composer to incorporate themes from Des Knaben Wunderhorn.

John The Baptist

The Met's collection includes a series of scenes from the life of this man painted by Francesco Granacci. Salai was the model for the final painting by Leonardo da Vinci, which depicts this man pointing upwards. Caravaggio painted eight total depictions of this man, including one in which the only instance of the artist's signature is spelled out in this man's blood. This man was frequently painted holding either a staff or a very thin cross and wearing a camel's-hair shirt. This boy brings water in Christ in the House of His Parents, and he is the leftmost person in da Vinci's Madonna of the Rocks. For 10 points, name this saint who usually shows up in Western art with his mother Elizabeth or as a decapitated head presented by Salome.

Washington Crossing the Delaware

The back right of this painting shows a man on a white horse, just above a man in the foreground wearing a black hat with a red feather. To the left of the knee of this painting's title figure is a black man with most of his face obscured. The original copy of this work was destroyed in Bremen by the Royal Air Force, and this work was defaced in 2003 when a picture of the 9/11 attacks was glued to it. The banner at the center of this painting is historically incorrect, and is being hosted by James Monroe as rowers paddle around chunks of ice. For 10 points, name this Emmanuel Leutze painting that shows the first U.S. president leading troops to the Battle of Trenton.

La Traviata [accept either part of Violetta Valéry, accept the Fallen Woman before mention]

The casting of Fanny Salvini-Donatelli as this operatic character elicited scorn due to the singer's age and weight. This character says goodbye to past happy dreams in the aria "Addio del passato" as she reads a letter from her lover's father. In the aria "Questa donna conoscete," this character's ex-lover denounces her and throws (*) gambling winnings at her feet; at that party, Baron Douphol refuses to give a toast. Giorgio demands this character to end her relationship with his son to save his daughter's engagement. This character asks Alfredo to always love her before dying of tuberculosis. For 10 points, name this character, the title "fallen woman" in an opera by Giuseppe Verdi.

Robert Schumann

The first movement of one of his pieces includes a middle section marked "Im Legendenton" and ends with an allusion to the last song from Beethoven's An die ferne Geliebte; that piece is his Fantasy in C. Another collection of piano pieces features three "Sphinxes" between the eighth and ninth movements, each of which consists of just three or four notes relating to the letters A-S-C-H. Those three motifs appear throughout the piece in movements such as "Eusebius" and "Florestan." Another collection opens with "Of Foreign Lands and Peoples" and contains "Träumerei," or "Dreaming." For 10 points, identify this composer of Carnaval and Scenes from Childhood, who also wrote the Rhenish Symphony.

Villa Savoye

The middle section of this building features a garden and a small rectangular reflecting pool, and has a ramp leading to a rounded section on the roof of this building. Under the ramp, a triangular window with thin rectangular pieces of glass emerges, and looks in on the master bedroom. The sun room of this building contains a fireplace which is notably pierced by a structural support, and the radiators of the building are left exposed throughout. The master bathroom of this building features a blue-tiled bathtub, though the kitchen is left completely white. The building is lifted on stilts, to allow the owners to grow a garden underneath the floor. For 10 points—name this building in Poissy, France, a house designed by Le Corbusier.

Mannerism

The right-hand side of a painting in this style includes an unfinished series of columns and a tiny Saint Jerome. A painting in this style uses light blues, greens, and pinks to depict the Deposition of Christ, and was painted by Pontormo. This style is thought to have developed from the massive scale and enigmatic nature of many late works by Michelangelo. This style is exemplified by the bizarre background figures and Cupid's (*) contorted back in a painting by Bronzino, as well as by Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck. For 10 points, name this reaction to the High Renaissance, which emphasized asymmetry and exaggerated curving forms.

Viola

The second movement of a concerto for this instrument is a scherzo-like Vivo, con moto preciso. That concerto was first recorded by Frederick Riddle and originally dedicated to Christabel McLaren. A fugato based on "The Cuckoo Sat on the Fence" is part of a "Concerto from Old Folk Songs" for this instrument that is usually named for a folk song about an organ grinder. Lionel Tertis and William Primrose played this instrument, for which Trauermusik and Der Schwanendreher were written. Paul Hindemith premiered a concerto for this instrument by William Walton. The commissioner rejected a symphony that features this instrument for having too many rests in the solo part. That piece, which ends with the "Orgy of the Brigands," is Harold in Italy. For 10 points, name this instrument that uses the alto clef, unlike the smaller violin.

Beethoven's Piano Concertos

The second of these pieces was actually written about ten years before the first, at the same time as a never-published piece in the same form that shares the key signature of the fifth of these, E-flat major. The fourth of these works was premiered along with a notable Choral Fantasia, but went unperformed from then until its 1836 revival by Mendessohn. The third of these works was premiered along with the oratorio Christ on the Mount of Olives and its composer's Second Symphony. All of these works contain cadenzas written by the composer himself. The last two are dedicated to the composer's patron, Archduke Rudolph, a fact which, along with its great length, led to the fifth and last of these works being nicknamed the Emperor. For 10 points, name these virtuosic keyboard works for orchestra and soloist by an Austrian composer.

Sir Christopher Wren

The spire of this man's "warrant" design for one building was superseded by a three-layer dome with a central brick cone. After Westminster Abbey rejected Bertel Thorvaldsen's statue of Byron for Poets' Corner, it ended up in a library designed by this man. Seen from Nevile's Court, that library's floor seems to extend below the arches supporting it. This man's work at Cambridge includes his first-ever commission, [*] Pembroke College's chapel, and Trinity College's library, which bears his name. Seekers of this man's memorial are told to look around themselves. With Robert Hooke, this man designed The Monument, a 202-foot column memorializing the event that cleared the way for much of his work. This man rebuilt a church with a "Whispering Gallery" after the Great Fire of 1666. For 10 points, name this English architect of St. Paul's Cathedral.

Le Corbusier

This architect's theory of "Architectural Polychromy" inspired his two color palette collections for the paint company Salubra. An open-floor plan this architect used for several early designs is called his "Dom-ino House." This architect's design of an art gallery for Raoul la Roche included works from a movement he founded with Amédée Ozenfant, Purism. This architect feuded with Oscar Niemeyer as they collaborated on the United Nations Headquarters. This architect exclaimed "We must kill the street!" in a manifesto laying out the"five points" of his architectural ideology. A country retreat raised up on pilotis was designed by this author of the book Towards a New Architecture. For 10 points, name this Swiss-French architect who designed the Villa Savoye.

Frank Lloyd Wright

This artist claimed that the "gasoline service station" was the beginning of "decentralization" in a book proposing his "Broadacre City" design to change life. This author's book The Disappearing City suggests that buildings should be centrally heated and have cantilevered overhangs in their designs. The press called one of this artist's own homes a "love castle" after his mistress Mamah Borthwick was murdered in it. This man's philosophy of "organic (*) architecture" led him to place a boulder in the hearth of a building that he designed for the businessman Edgar Kaufmann; that home in Western Pennsylvania by this architect is partly built over the edge of a river. For 10 points, name this mid-20th-century architect whose designs include Taliesin and Fallingwater.

Sir Joshua Reynolds

This artist depicted a mythological figure with black wings and a stake in his right hand and holding a piece of paper in his right hand while raising his left hand to his face, in his paintings Cupid as a Link Boy and Venus Chiding Cupid. In one of his portraits, Augustus Keppel takes the pose of Apollo Belvedere. He painted Colonel Acland and Lord Sydney wearing contrasting colors of green and yellow while preparing to (*) fire their bows in a forested area. In a more famous painting, this artist depicted an English actress sitting on a throne playing the role of Melpomene, while the figures of Pity and Terror stand behind her. For 10 points, name this English artist of Sarah Siddons as the Tragic Muse, the first president of the Royal Academy.

Norman Rockwell

This artist depicted a red bindle sitting at the foot of a barstool, as a child is examined by a policeman, in his painting The Runaway. His The Problem We All Live With shows Ruby Bridges desegregating a New Orleans elementary school. A poster of a white-haired woman praying, a family sitting down to a (*) turkey dinner, a couple putting their children to bed, and a man at a town hall collects his series The Four Freedoms. For 10 points, name this painter, whose Saturday Evening Post covers made him an icon of mid-1900s Americana.

John Singer Sargent

This artist depicted a seated figure playing the tambourine while Rosina Ferrara dances on top of a rooftop on the island of Capri. A portrait of four sisters by this artist features the youngest on the ground playing with a doll in the foreground while the two older sisters stand in the shadows of a porcelain vase. This artist depicted two girls holding glowing lanterns in a floral garden in the work Carnation Lily, Lily, Rose. This painter edited one of his portraits to lift a jeweled dress strap onto the shoulder after that painting was criticized for its promiscuous depiction of Virginie Gautreau in a black satin dress. For 10 points, name this American painter of Portrait of Madame X.

Jan van Eyck

This artist painted a friar facing a red-clad Mary in the Madonna of Chancellor Rolin and used red again for the coloring of the titular headgear in the Portrait of a Man in a Turban. This artist executed a polyptich which, when closed, features panels of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist painted in grisaille. That work also features a section that shows a bloody lamb. In another work by this artist, a dog sits at the foot of the titular couple and a convex mirror hangs in the background. For 10 points, name this Flemish painter of the Ghent Altarpiece and The Arnolfini Wedding.

Cory Arcangel

This artist recorded a video in which he watched a recording of a Simon and Garfunkel concert and covered up Paul Simon every time he appeared in the frame. This artist created an arrangement of Bach's Variation no. 1 out of fragments of video that each contained one note in his piece A couple thousand short films about Glenn Gould. This artist, who created a free (+) software package that could be used to order Domino's Pizza, began one film by stating that certain things "[grow] old" and that their "content and internal logic deteriorate." At the beginning of that film, the title character stands on a single block and repeatedly looks back and forth before falling for about 30 seconds. This artist altered the game Hogan's Alley in his piece I Shot Andy Warhol, and removed every asset but an iconic (*) scrolling background in another work. For 10 points, identify this American post-conceptual artist known for his Nintendo ROM hacks, such as Super Mario Clouds.

Frank Gehry

This artist's first building in Europe is the site of Claes Oldenburg's Balancing Tools; that work was a collaboration between him and Günter Pfeifer. Another of his works was a collaboration with Vlado Milunić on the Nationale-Nederlanden building in Prague. In addition to designing the Vitra Design Museum and the (*) Dancing House, he had to modify one of his works because of the glare its concave steel structure caused. Another of his works has been compared to a smashed electric guitar. For 10 points, identify this architect of the Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Experience Music Project, who also designed the Guggenheim in Bilbao.

Myron (of Eleutherae)

This artist's most notable work can be found in a building designed by Camillo Pastrucci called the Palazzo Massimo. Charles Townley brought a copy of one of this artist's works to London, and that piece now bears his name. Adolf Furtwangler argued that the depiction of certain locks of hair, so reminiscent of the Cassel Apollo, marks a particular head of Perseus in this man's work.An armless nude putting one foot forward and now housed at the Lateran Museum is known as his Dancing Satyr. According to Pliny, he was taught by Ageladas of Argos and created such works for the Acropolis as Athena and Marsyas, as well as a figure so lifelike it was said to have attracted a bull. In addition to his bronze cow, he depicted contemporary athletes including the runner Ladas. His most famous work depicted a man bent over and about to release a namesake projectile. For 10 points, identify this ancient sculptor of the Discobolos.

Albrecht Dürer

This artist's signature hangs from a branch clutched by a parrot, which is held in Adam's hand, in one of this artist's depictions of Adam and Eve. He used his wife Agnes as a model for a painting of St. Anne. Konrad Celtis stands next to a self-portrait of this artist in a painting by him that shows the massacre of Roman forces at Mount Ararat by the army of Shapur I. A gourd hangs from the rafters in the upper-right corner of a painting by him in which a dog and a lion lie sleeping together. This painter of The Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand showed a rhombohedron near a ladder, leaning against a wall that features a magic square, in a painting in which a moping angel holds a compass.For 10 points, name this German artist of the engravings St. Jerome in His Study and Melancolia I.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

This composer transposed his first symphony from E-flat minor to E minor to make it more playable, and the Queen of Shemakha sings the "Hymn to the Sun" in one of his operas. Another opera by this composer of The Golden Cockerel includes the "Dance of the Tumblers" and ends when the title character's love for Mizgir causes her to melt. This composer of The (*) Snow Maiden included recurrent "Alborada" movements in a work based on Spanish folk music, and also composed a suite based on One Thousand and One Nights. For ten points, name this Russian composer of Capriccio Espagnol and Scheherazade, whose Tale of Tsar Sultan includes the "Flight of the Bumblebee".

Ottorino Respighi

This composer used a series of themes by Rossini as the basis for the ballet La Boutique Fantasque, and his compositions for piano include his Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode. He set The Adoration of the Magi, La Primavera, and The Birth of Venus to music in Three Botticelli Pictures. This composer included movements called "The Dove" and "The Cuckoo" in his suite The Birds, and composed three suites of Ancient Airs and Dances. One of his symphonic poems features a recording of a nightingale and ends by depicting the title objects along the Appian Way. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of The Pines of Rome and The Fountains of Rome.

George Frideric Handel

This composer wrote a movement entitled "La Rejouissance" that is played three times in a work he composed to commemorate the Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle, catalogued as HWV 351. The final movement of his fifth harpsichord suite is known as The Harmonious Blacksmith. He composed a coronation anthem called Zadok the Priest. One of his works was premiered on a barge on the Thames. He also wrote an oratorio that features the choruses "For Unto Us A Child Is Born" and "Hallelujah ". For 10 points, name this composer of Music for the Royal Fireworks, Water Music, and Messiah.

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi

This composer wrote a violin piece titled "Music for the Chapel of the Pieta". This composer included a piece called "Suspicious" in a set of works dedicated to Charles VI, entitled The Lyre. A "spirituous non e presto" movement ends his La Stravaganza, and his other concertos include pieces titled "Proteus" and "Goldfinch", as well as a set of twelve collected in L'estro Armonico. This composer featured themes representing "drunkards that have fallen asleep" and a "barking dog" in sonnets that were written to accompany his best-known work, which appeared in The Contest Between Harmony and Invention. For 10 points, name this Italian composer who included "La Primavera" and "L'Autunno" in his The Four Seasons.

Bedrich Smetana

This composer's Piano Trio in E was inspired by the death of his daughter, and Arnold Schoenberg claimed that this man's Second String Quartet "opened the world to him". The only symphony by this composer was written for the wedding of Franz Josef, and that work makes prominent use of the Austrian national anthem. In addition to the Triumph Symphony, this composer wrote a work whose second movement polka is a recollection of youth, and that piece ends with a coda whose high ringing E indicating this composer's oncoming deafness. For 10 points, name this composer of string quartet no. 1, From My Life, who depicted Tabor, Blanik, and several other Czech landmarks such as the Moldau River in his Ma Vlast.

Vertigo

This film's opening credits, which include swirling mathematical curves designed with Saul Bass, have been cited as the first instance of computer graphics on film. This film was the first to use the effect of zooming in while moving the camera away, so that the foreground stays the same size. Its protagonist has a trippy dream with flashes of red over flashbacks to the grave and portrait of Carlotta Valdes. The (*) dolly zoom was invented for this film, in which both Judy and Gavin's wife Madeleine are killed by falling off the belltower of the Mission. For 10 points, name this Alfred Hitchcock film in which Jimmy Stewart's Scottie feels the title spinning sensation due to his fear of heights.

Giovanni Battista Piranesi

This man's argued that Etruscans were the lone founders of Rome in his Della magnificenza edarchitettura de' Romani. This author of Diverse Ways of Decorating Chimneypieces and Every OtherPart of a Building restored the Boyd and Warwick Vases from classical fragments. This artist'sdesign for the Santa Maria del Priorato was financed by Clement XIII, and he justified that design inhis Opinions on Architecture. Works by this man like the (*) Pyramid of Cestius and The Colosseumexaggerated the size of their subjects. This man, whose etchings were extremely popular among Europeanson the Grand Tour, created a series of sprawling imaginary prisons called carceri. For 10 points, creator ofvedutes of Roman ruins.

Edvard Grieg

This man's only cello sonata, in A minor, was dedicated to his brother John. Another of his works features five dances "In the Olden Style." "Arietta" is the first section of a collection of sixty-six piano pieces by this composer, which also includes "Wedding Day at Troldhaugen." This composer of the Holberg Suite and Lyric Pieces placed the lament "The Death of Ase" before a section that opens with a flute representing the rising sun. Those movements by this composer of are part of incidental music to a Henrik Ibsen play. For 10 points, name this Norwegian composer of the Peer Gynt Suite, which includes "In the Hall of the Mountain King."

Benjamin West

This non-French artist began his neoclassical phase after the gunsmith William Henry encouraged him to produce the 1756 engraving The Death of Socrates. This painter equated artists with historians through his concept of "epic representation," which he used in his historical works The Battle of the Boyne and The Death of Nelson. A bayonet, a musket, and a box of cartridges line on the ground in front of the feet of the title figure of a painting by this artist, which establishes a (*) "triangular composition" with the large British flag in the center background. This artist depicted a kneeling Native American with his chin touching a fist in a painting taking place in the aftermath of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. For 10 points, name this painter of The Death of General Wolfe.

The Bat

This opera sees one character sing a czardas to prove that she is Hungarian. Another character in this work takes a day off under the pretense that her aunt is sick, while a notary initiates the canon "Brothers and Sisters" at the end Act II. A hung-over prison guard disguised as Chevalier Chagrin hears the "Audition aria" sung by a maid who poses as the actress Adele in this work. Chacun a son gout is sung by Prince (*) Orlofsky at a ball where one character appears disguised as Marquis Renard. After his wife Rosalinde proves her fidelity, that man, Baron Eisenstein, is forced to serve out his jail sentence. For 10 points, name this Johann Strauss operetta about Falke, who is costumed as the titular winged mammal.

Prince Igor

This opera, which premiered in 1890 in St. Petersburg, was left unfinished by its composer; the tasks of completion fell to Rimsky-Korsakov and Glazunov. Based upon a 12th-century Kievan epic poem, it tells the story of a Russian prince's campaign against invaders and his subsequent capture. Minor characters include the title character's wife Yaroslavna and the enemy leader Khan Konchak. For 10 points name this opera known for its "Polovtsian Dances", the masterwork of Aleksandr Borodin.

Hieronymus Bosch

This painter showed a nun balancing a book on her head and a man in a tin hat poking at another's skull in his The Cure of Folly. A greenish figure's face is obscured by a long musical instrument, two figures kiss in front of a brown tree, and several pitchforks are raised towards the center, as Jesus looks on from a cloud, in another of his paintings. For 10 points, name this creator of 1490's The Haywain, who also showed a blue giraffe, a bird-monster eating a man, and a plethora of naked figures in his triptych The Garden of Earthly Delights.

Edouard Manet

This person depicted the upper class in such works as Racing at Longchamp and View of the International Exhibition and lesser-known works by this man include a painting of his sister-in-law Berthe Morisot and a portrait of his friend, Émile Zola. His better-known works include Music in the Tuileries and a work that has a trapeze artist performing above the title restaurant's customers. Painter of A Bar at the Folies-Bergère, this is, for ten points, which French painter bridging the gap between Realism and Impressionism and perhaps best known for Olympia and Luncheon on the Grass?

Flight of the Bumblebee

This piece, which is taken from an opera, is in the same act as the introduction of the thirty-three bogatyrs [BOW-guh-teers] and the Swan-Bird's admonishment. A two-octave chromatic descent characterizes this work written in A-minor, and is almost exclusively sixteenth notes. In the middle of this piece, a pizzicato A minor arpeggio takes over, and the already fast chromatic motions around E increase in octave. This piece uses a solo violin to depict Prince Guidon, [GWEE-don] the protagonist of The Tale of Tsar Saltan, who becomes a stinging insect. For 10 points, name this most famous work by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.

The Swing

This tiny 1767 work is officially entitled "The Happy Hazards of" the title object. It was commissioned by the Baron de-Saint Julien, who asked to be painted in a position to see his mistress' legs, "and even more of her if you wish to enliven your picture." The mistress is at center, kicking off her left shoe and being pushed by a smiling bishop. For 10 points name this rococo garden scene, a masterpiece of Jean-Honore Fragonard.

Ecce

This word, followed by "Cor Meum", titles a 2006 classical music album by Paul McCartney. It is the first-word in the title of a book series whose characters include the annoying "Sextus Molestus," and which depicts the lives of the Cornelii family of patricians in ancient Rome. This is also the first word in the title of a book in which the author explains "Why I am a Fatality" and "How One Becomes What One Is." This word precedes "Romani" in the title of a series of Latin textbooks. A Hieronymus Bosch painting titled partly for this word depicts (*) Jesus before a mob of Roman people. An autobiographical Friedrich Nietzsche work is titled after, for 10 points, what four-letter Latin word meaning "behold," used by Pontius Pilate to mock Jesus?

Dido and Aeneas

This work's libretto was adapted from an allegory of the Glorious Revolution, Brutus of Alba. A section of a larger work inspired this opera beginning with a monarch sad about Sychaeus. In this opera, the Sorceress attempts to ruin an African kingdom and sends her elf disguised as (*) Mercury to separate the title characters. "Thy hand Belinda" in this opera is followed by an aria over a ground bass, "When I am laid in Earth," the final "lament" of a title character. For 10 points, name this Henry Purcell opera about a Queen of Carthage who kills herself and a Trojan hero who abandons her.

Caryatids

Thomas Shields Clarke created a series of these works representing seasons, and three of these are foundoutside the Warsaw Supreme Court building. Ones representing Architecture and Music are found in theSaint-Gaudens designed Albright-Knox Gallery in Buffalo. It's not the Discobolus or a Venus, but CharlesTownley acquired one of these figures from the Villa Montalto which is currently in the British Museum. TheCanopus View of Hadrian's villa contains a series of these figures. The Erechtheion has a (*) porch named forthe fact that it contains six of these figures, one of which was removed as part of the Elgin marbles. These figures,whose counterparts are called telamon or atlas, often have a basket or entablature on their heads. For 10 points,name these architectural supports that take the shape of women.