First Aid Exam
What are the levels of heat emergencies? (least serious= 1, most serious= 3) Options: Heat stroke, heat cramps, heat exhaustion 1) 2) 3)
1) Heat cramps 2) Heat exhaustion 3) Heat stroke
List 3 general signs and symptoms of a poisoning. Your Answer: 1) 2) 3)
1) Nausea 2) Abnormal breathing 3) Unresponsiveness
Blood borne diseases are transmitted only through contact with an infected person's blood. -True -Fasle
False
If a victim with a concussion is having bad headaches, they should take pain medication as needed. -True -False
False
Internal bleeding is seldom life-threatening because there is no loss of blood from the body. -True -False
False
Never put water on the site of contact with poison ivy because of the risk of spreading the rash farther. -True -False
False
To control bleeding, make a pressure bandage as tight as you can get it. -True -False
False
When a person has fainted, lay him or her down and raise the head and shoulders 6-12 inches. -True -False
False
When first aid is given, the victim does not need further medical attention for a serious injury. -True -False
False
When stabilizing the head of a victim that you suspect has a spinal injury, you are going to re-align the head with the spine. -True -False
False
You can give hot drinks to someone with hypothermia, as long as they can swallow. -True -False
False
You cannot give first aid to a victim with difficulty breathing unless you know the specific cause of the problem. -True -False
False
Match the Priority level of the victim with the associated injury. Options: -Small burns -Severe bleeding -Not breathing with massive head trauma and severe blood loss -Victims who can walk First priority: Second priority: Third priority: Fourth priority:
First priority: Severe bleeding Second priority: Small burns Third priority: Victims who can walk Fourth priority: Not breathing with massive head trauma and severe blood loss
To help someone to breathe more easily: -Let the victim find the position in which he or she can breath most easily -Position the victim flat on his or her back -Have the victim stand, and clap him or her on the back with each breath -Have the victim sit and put his or her head between their knees
Let the victim find the position in which he or she can breath most easily
Care for a muscle cramp may include: -Massaging the muscle -Returning to activity as soon as possible -Applying a heating pad -Soaking the extremity in icy water
Massaging the muscle
For an unresponsive victim you suspect may have a spinal injury: -Monitor the victim's breathing in the position in which you found the victim -Immediately place the victim on his or her back in case you have to do CPR -Turn the head to one side in case the victim vomits -Move all body parts to see if anything feels broken
Monitor the victim's breathing in the position in which you found the victim
Use RICE for: -Most musculoskeletal injuries -Fractures only -Muscle injuries only -Muscle and joint injuries only
Most musculoskeletal injuries
What is the first thing you do for a victim of carbon monoxide poisoning? -Move the victim to fresh air -Loosen tight clothing around the neck -Call 9-1-1 -Place the victim in the recovery position
Move the victim to fresh air
The one sure way to know whether the victim has a spinal injury is: -None of the above -Pain in the neck -Headache -Unresponsiveness
None of the above
Which is fundamental to the definition of shock? -The heartbeat stopping -Too much waste building up in the urine -An abdominal injury -Not enough oxygen reaching vital organs
Not enough oxygen reaching vital organs
Always call 9-1-1 for a victim whose illness: -Occurs suddenly and without explanation -Includes a fever -Is chronic -Involves feeling fatigued
Occurs suddenly and without explanation
Which of the following is NOT a moving method? -2-rescuer assist -Shoulder Drag -Cradle Carry -Over-the-shoulder carry
Over-the-shoulder carry
A First-degree burn is characterized by: -White, leathery areas of skin -Pink or red skin -The presence of white, fluid-filled blisters -Bleeding
Pink or red skin
Which of the following is a step to take when helping someone with frostbite? -Protect and elevate the area -Give the victim a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink -Put the victim in the recovery position -Actively rewarm the victim
Protect and elevate the area
What do you do if the blood soaks through a pressure bandage? -Replace the bloody bandage with a new bandage and maintain pressure -Ignore the blood but maintain pressure -Put a new bandage on top of the first and maintain pressure -Apply a tourniquet on top of the bandage
Put a new bandage on top of the first and maintain pressure
For a victim having seizures: -Put something flat and soft under the victim's head -Lay the victim face down on the floor -Ask others to help you hold the victim's head, arms and legs still -Put a wooden object, such as a pencil, between the victim's teeth
Put something flat and soft under the victim's head
What should you do for a breathing, unresponsive victim suspected of having swallowed a poison? -Put the victim in the recovery position -Put the victim in the shock position with the feet raised -Put the victim on his or her back with the head raised -Put the victim in the prone position with his or her head lower than the body
Put the victim in the recovery position
When should a person with a poison ivy or oak rash see a health care provider? Your Answer:
Severe reactions such as swelling on the face or genitals
Which of the following is an example of a first priority victim? -Shock -Not breathing with massive head trauma -Minor Injury -Broken Bone
Shock
A pressure bandage to control bleeding: -All of the above -Should be applied directly over the wound -Should be as tight as you can get it to stop the bleeding -Should be made with an elastic roller bandage
Should be applied directly over the wound
If the victim cannot respond, but looks at you with the universal sign of choking and nods to you, you have automatic consent to help that person. -True -False
True
If you hear the victim coughing, you can assume he or she is breathing. -True -False
True
Make sure to support the victims head and neck when moving them, even if they do not have a spinal injury. -True -False
True
The risk of contracting a serious infectious disease by giving first aid is greatly reduced when you take precautions. -True -False
True
Because a shock victim is thirsty and may be dehydrated, offer them clear fluids to drink. -True -False
False
Which of these are signs and symptoms of a low blood sugar diabetic emergency? (Choose all that apply) 1) Dizziness 2) Hunger 3) Rapid deep breathing 4) Clumsiness 5) Red, blotchy skin 6) Sweating 7) Confusion 8) Swollen legs
1) Dizziness 2) Hunger 4) Clumsiness 6) Sweating 7) Confusion
Name 3 situations in which you should call 9-1-1 for a seizure victim. Your Answer: 1) A seizure lasting more than __ minutes. 2) If a person has __________. 3) If a person has trouble _____________.
1) A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes. 2) If a person has epilepsy. 3) If a person has trouble breathing.
What are 3 signs or symptoms of shock? Your Answer: 1) A 2) C 3) D
1) Anxiety 2) Confusion 3) Dizziness
What are 3 signs and symptoms of severe allergic reactions? Your Answer: 1) 2) 3)
1) Anxiety or agitation 2) Nausea or vomiting 3) Difficulty breathing, wheezing, tightness in the throat or chest
You first encounter a victim lying quietly on the floor. Place the following actions in the correct order. Options: -Look for normal breathing -Check to see if the victim responds to your voice or touch -Look around his or her body for severe bleeding 1) 2) 3)
1) Check to see if the victim responds to your voice or touch 2) Look for normal breathing 3) Look around his or her body for severe bleeding
What are 2 signs and symptoms of Hypothermia? Your Answer: 1) 2)
1) Confusion 2) Shivering
A spinal injury should be suspected in which of these situations. (Choose all that apply) 1) The victim fell from a roof 20 feet high 2) A victim with diabetes passes out at lunch 3) The victim was in a car that hit a telephone pole 4) A piece of heavy equipment fell from a shelf onto the victim's head 5) You find a victim slumped over in a desk chair
1) The victim fell from a roof 20 feet high 3) The victim was in a car that hit a telephone pole 4) A piece of heavy equipment fell from a shelf onto the victim's head
Which of these are signs and symptoms of a spinal injury? (Choose all that apply) 1) Victim's hands are tingling 2) Victim cannot stop coughing 3) Victim has a breathing problem 4) Victim's face is bright red 5) Unresponsive victim has a fever 6) Victim's neck seems oddly turned
1) Victim's hands are tingling 3) Victim has a breathing problem 6) Victim's neck seems oddly turned
Name 2 ways to prevent head and spinal injuries. Your Answer: 1) 2)
1) Wear safety gear in contact sports 2) Do not dive into water in which you do not know the depth of
List 4 things you should be prepared to tell the EMS dispatcher when you call 9-1-1. Your Answer: 1) 2) 3) 4)
1) Your name. 2) Phone number. 3) Your location and number of victims. 4) The victims age, sex and condition.
Which type of bleeding is usually the most serious? -Arterial bleeding -All of the above -Capillary bleeding -Venous bleeding
Arterial bleeding
What is the compression depth for an infant? -1/2 the depth of the chest -1/3 the depth of the chest -At least two inches -One inch
1/3 the depth of the chest
Please place the following parts of the Cardiac Chain of Survival in the correct order. Options: -Rapid defibrillation -Recognition and activation of the emergency response system -Immediate high quality CPR -Basic and advanced medical services -Advanced life support and post-arrest care 1st: 2nd: 3rd: 4th: 5th:
1st: Recognition and activation of the emergency response system 2nd: Immediate high quality CPR 3rd: Rapid defibrillation 4th: Basic and advanced medical services 5th: Advanced life support and post-arrest care
Which of the following situations could lead to you getting an infectious disease? (Choose all that apply) 1) Shaking hands with a person who has HIV 2) Contact with an unresponsive victim's urine 3) Not wearing gloves and giving first aid if you have a cut on your finger 4) Receiving a Hepatitis B vaccine Correct! 5) Touching a bloody bandage in a trash can
2) Contact with an unresponsive victim's urine 3) Not wearing gloves and giving first aid if you have a cut on your finger 5) Touching a bloody bandage in a trash can
Continue abdominal thrusts until? (choose all that apply) 1) Medical help arrives 2) The object becomes expelled 3) The victim becomes unresponsive 4) The victim stops holding their neck in the universal sign of choking 5) The victim starts coughing
2) The object becomes expelled 3) The victim becomes unresponsive
Which of the following situations are reason that you would move a victim? 1) They have a spinal injury 2) You need to move them in order to give them CPR 3) They have a small broken bone 4) A fire or explosion is likely 5) They are in the way of another victim
2) You need to move them in order to give them CPR 4) A fire or explosion is likely 5) They are in the way of another victim
What actions are included in wound care? (Pick all that apply) 1) Wash major wounds to help stop the bleeding 2) Pour rubbing alcohol on any wound 3) Irrigate minor wounds with running water 4) Cover any wound with a sterile dressing and bandage 5) Blow on a minor wound to cool the area and relieve pain 6) See a health care provider for a deep wound or puncture 7) Let a scab form before washing a minor wound
3) Irrigate minor wounds with running water 4) Cover any wound with a sterile dressing and bandage 5) Blow on a minor wound to cool the area and relieve pain
For an infant choking, how many blows to the back/ chest compressions are needed for providing care? -5 -3 -6 -1
5
How many cycles of CPR create 1 round of CPR? -6 -3 -7 -5
5
What are the A,B,Cs of CPR? Your Answer: A- B- C-
Airway Breathing Circulation
Call 9-1-1 for: -A third degree burn -All of the above -A second degree burn larger than 10% of the body surface area in an adult victim -A second degree burn larger than 5% of body surface area in an elderly victim
All of the above
During a physical examination, what are you looking for? -A swollen area -All of the above -Pain upon being touched -Bleeding or wounds
All of the above
Factors that influence the severity of a burn include: -The percentage of body area burned -The depth of the burn -All of the above -The location of the burn
All of the above
First aid for serious internal bleeding includes: -Calling 9-1-1 -Keeping the victim from becoming chilled or overheated -Positioning the victim lying down -All of the above
All of the above
Steps to help prevent sports and recreational injuries include: -All of the above -Maintaining a healthy weight -Wearing shoes that fit properly -Wearing protective equipment
All of the above
The goals of first aid include: -All of the above -Ensuring the victim receives appropriate medical care -Keeping the victim alive until he or she receives medical care. -Preventing the victim's condition from getting worse
All of the above
You usually have automatic consent to give first aid to which of the following? -All responsive victims -All unresponsive adults -All victims -All child victims
All unresponsive adults
A blood borne pathogen can easily enter your body through: -Food cooked by someone else -Any physical touching of the victim's skin -The municipal water supply -Any break in your skin
Any break in your skin
To prevent blood borne disease transmission, apply pressure on the bleeding wound with: -The victim's hand -Any of the above -Any impermeable substance -Your gloved hand
Any of the above
The immediate first action to take for a heart attack victim is: Your Answer:
Call 911
If a responsive, competent adult refuses your first aid, what should you do? -Walk away -Call 911 and keep talking to the victim -Ask the person's spouse for consent to give first aid -Give first aid anyway
Call 911 and keep talking to the victim
First aid for most swallowed poisons include: -Calling 9-1-1 or the Poison Control Center for help -Giving the victim milk to drink -Inducing vomiting by any means -Having the victim drink as much water as possible
Calling 9-1-1 or the Poison Control Center for help
List and describe one type of shock. (Pick any of the four) Your Answer:
Cardiogenic Shock: occurs when any condition causes the heart function to reduce to the point that blood is not circulating sufficiently.
Which is a sign or symptom that a pressure bandage is too tight on the hand? -Hot fingers -Extreme thirst -Red color under the fingernails -Cold fingers
Cold fingers
Which of the following is the best substance to put on a burn immediately after it has occurred? -Butter -Cold running water -Antibiotic ointment -Aloe vera
Cold running water
Assessing a victim with a potential head or spinal injury includes: -Considering the risk factors in an injured victim -Asking the victim to turn his or her head to the side -Assessing how the victim holds his or her head when sitting -Comparing skin color in different parts of the body
Considering the risk factors in an injured victim
What is the first priority for a severely bleeding wound? -Preventing infection -Controlling the bleeding -Irrigating the wound -Seeking medical attention
Controlling the bleeding
What is the difference between direct and indirect contact? Your Answer: 1) __________ contact: occurs from contact with an infected person or with fluids or substances from that person. 2) ___________ contact: occurs from contact with contaminated objects, food or drink, droplets in the air, or vectors such as insect.
Direct Indirect
What is one thing you should NOT do to stop bleeding from the head if you suspect a skull fracture? Your Answer:
Do not press on the head and cause more damage. Gently keep pressure.
If you are unsure whether a diabetic is experiencing a hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic emergency: -Give sugar and monitor symptoms -Wait an hour to observe signs and symptoms -Call a family member of the victim to inquire -Give the victim an emergency epinephrine shot in the thigh muscle
Give sugar and monitor symptoms
First aid for an asthma attach may include: -Helping the victim to use their inhaler -Calling 9-1-1 if the victim is not better after the 1st use of the inhaler -Asking the victim to try to breath slowly -Helping the victim lie down with feet raised
Helping the victim to use their inhaler
Which of the following can help reduce the itching of poison ivy? -Hydrocortisone cream -Rubbing alcohol -A paste made from dishwasher detergent -All of the above
Hydrocortisone cream
When would you use active rewarming for someone with hypothermia? -Always -If medical care is far away -If they complain about being super cold. -If they become unresponsive
If medical care is far away
The most important aspect of fracture care is to: -Immobilize the area -Apply antibiotic ointment to an open fracture -Put the bone ends together in their normal position -Apply traction to prevent shortening of the limb
Immobilize the area
What is the motion of the abdominal thrusts? -Inward and upward -Upward -Inward -Inward and down
Inward and upward
If the victim can talk you you, you can be sure that he or she: -Is breathing -Does not have a spinal injury -All of the above -Does not have a life-threatening condition
Is breathing
Advantages of the recovery position include which of the following? -It helps ensure that the brain receives sufficient oxygen -It helps reduce shock -It lowers the victim's blood pressure -It allows fluids to drain from the mouth
It allows fluids to drain from the mouth
What does each letter of the SAMPLE history stand for? Your Answer: S: A: M: P: L: E:
Signs and Symptoms Allergies Medications Previous Problems Last food or drink Events
Which of the following is not a reason to stop CPR? -The victim starts breathing normally but is still unresponsive -Someone has called 9-1-1 and they are only 2 minutes away -Victim wakes up -Professional help arrives and is ready to take over
Someone has called 9-1-1 and they are only 2 minutes away
Which of these actions should you take first for a victim in shock because of external bleeding? -Stop the bleeding -Loosen tight clothing -Cover the victim with a blanket -Raise the legs
Stop the bleeding
Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of a possible head or spinal injury? -Sudden read rash around neck -Unequal pupils -Tingling in hands -Headache
Sudden read rash around neck
A ring should be removed from a burned finger because: -The ring is a likely source of infection -Swelling may cut off circulation -Gold and silver are toxic metals on exposed skin -The ring makes it difficult to cool the burn
Swelling may cut off circulation
When you are immobilizing a fracture injury, what body area should be immobilized? -The fracture area and the joints both above and below it -The immediate fracture area -The fracture area and the joint above it -The entire victim
The fracture area and the joints both above and below it
Which of the following is *NOT* a reason to not to give abdominal thrusts? -You cannot wrap your arms around the victim -Abdominal thrusts are not working -The victim is pregnant -The victim is a child
The victim is a child
When do you put a victim in the recovery position? -Unresponsive and not breathing -Responsive and in shock -Responsive and breathing -Unresponsive and breathing
Unresponsive and breathing
First aid for poisonous animal bites include: -Washing the wound with soap and water -Sucking the venom from the bite holes -Applying a tourniquet -Applying a hot compress on the area
Washing the wound with soap and water
