FOLK E 295 Final

Scat

"vocal technique that imitates instrumental parts through use of vocables" (i.e. syllables without meaning)

Kurtis Blow

(1980) "The Breaks" "Hard Times" "Tough"

Herbie Hancock and Grand Mixer DXT "Rockit"

(1983) (Former zulu with Afrika Bambaata) This was the 1st "hip hop song" by black artists to get on MTV. (cf Run DMC was 1st RAP ARTIST and Blondie was 1st RAP SON

Gangsta Incubation Period

(1988-1992):Lived Lifestyle vs. Enactment or Imagined Lifestyle

Dr. C Delores Tucker

(National Congress of Black Women and former Civil Rights Activist - tried to get rap music that was explicit deleted from radio and history.

Toasting

(praises about an anti-authority, respected heroic figure) can be an enactment, a recasting or exaggeration of an actual event

Latinos cross-over Rap: West Coast bound (ca. 1984)

- MC Ice-T and Henry G (a.k.a. Hen G) "Killers" (1984/1985) - MC Kid Frost "Terminator" (1985)

"The Message" Grandmaster Flash and Furious Five

- song rejected by entire group - Melle Mel sole lyrical contributor from group - THIS SONG opened the "New School" message rap door  for Hardcore Era

Blaxploitation Films

-Began as a film genre in the early 1970s about African Americans and made by African Americans -Become the exploitation of African Americans by producers of Black-oriented films

Freestyle

A Latina brand of hip hop music

Neo Soul

A style of music that emerged during the late 1990s from soul and contemporary R&B. It has been noted by music writers for its traditional R&B influences, conscious-driven lyrics, and strong female presence.

Ethnography

A summation of data collected from fieldwork framed within an academic discipline, often including theoretical analysis

Black Feminism

Address racial identity and other shit for black women

Jazz Rap Fusion

Alternatively, jazz rap attempts to fuse African American music of the past with a newly dominant form of the present. "Afrocentric political consciousness"

Breakdancing

B-boyin' or Breakin' becomes a formalized tradition interpreted by dance companies and videographers as _____________ .

MC Shan

BDP had beef with what artist from Queensbridge, Queens?

5% Nation Artists

Believe that black people are the original people and that Allah is god.

Well Known Scatter

Cab Calloway "Minnie the Moocher

Public Enemy

Chuck D Flavor Flav DJ Terminator X Professor Griff & the Security of the 1st World Bomb Squad (production crew: included Hank Shocklee)

Sal Abbattielo

Club owner of the Disco Fever 1976-1980, Hip Hop showcase Produces Nayobe "Please Don't Go" and other hits.

Fieldwork

Conducting research in a location with the intention of data collection

Suburban Rap

DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince "Parents Just Don't Understand" (1988)

Humorous and Suburban Rap

De La Soul "Potholes in My Lawn" (1988)

Freestyle 1984-1992

Def. an electronic dance music from NYC (then Miami...) in the mid-80s produced by Latin@ artists. Sound is electronic drum & bass heavy and lyrics revolve around teen-love/loss.

Angel Haze

Denouncing labels and constructions of gender identity

Bo$$ Lichelle Laws

Detroit Female gangsta rapper Signed to Def Jam West label (1st female group) Album : Born Gangstaz "Born Gangsta" (1993) "Outro: Call from Dad" (1993)

R & B Rap Fusion

Digital Underground "Doowutyalike (1989) R. Kelly "She's Loving Me" (1992) Montell Jordan "This Is How We Do It" (1995) Lauryn Hill "Doo Wop" (1998)

New School

Distinguishing sound & appearance from O.S: tougher, "street," aggressive delivery, being "hard", DJ plays important role

Human Beatbox

Doug E Fresh "La Di Da Di" (1985)

Late Period of Blaxploitation Films

Dramatize and often glorify black criminals, and portray black men as pimps, pushers, prostitutes, and gangsters.

videos

During the Golden Era, artists became popular through _________ rather than live local performances.

Hypersexuality

Exhibiting unusual or excessive concern with or indulgence in sexual activity

Humorous Rap

Fat Boys "Jail House Rap" (1984) and "Let's Get Funky" (1985)

Early Period of Blaxploitation Films

Feature hustlers committed to "cleaning up the streets" films and characters achieved cult status

Soul

Focus on African heritage and values vs. European heritage and values

1960's-1970's Black Nationalist Poets

Gil Scott-Heron "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised" (1970/1972) Sonia Sanchez "So this is Our Revolution" (1971) Compare Public Enemy "Fight the Power"

James Brown

Godfather of Soul/Soul Brother #1

Manhattan and Queens

In what areas were breakdancing a fad?

Bounce Music (New Orleans)

Incorporates New Orleans' style, parade-strutting, carnival beats to the hip-hop aesthetic. The word "bounce" appears often in the lyrics Cash Money Records brings it to the Mainstream

Gospel

Integrates rap and Christian themes, always has a point in time where someone turns their life around Not really big in either the rap or Christian community Goes against ghetto anti-penance or not really feeling like God is present due to the injustices in daily life even though the struggle was created by God to be a test and injustice is present due to the summation of society's sins

Nayobe's "Please Don't Go"

LL Cool J "I Can't Live Without My Radio" segment on Krush Groove introduces ________________

Rap Ballads

LL Cool J "I Need Love (1987) and "I Can't Live Without My Radio" (1985)

Second Wave Feminism

Largely concerned issues regarding sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, and legal inequalities.

Trickster

Lives by his wits, constantly scheming and manipulating others.

First Wave Feminism

Mainly led by middle-class white women advocating for social change in the form of women's suffrage. While the Feminist Movement focused on ending gender-based oppression, it largely ignored race and class-based oppression.

Fat boys

Mark Morales a.k.a. "Prince Markie Dee" Puerto Rican rapper whose ethnicity = non-issue

Juice Crew

Marley Marl and Radio DJ Mr Magic from Queensbrdige

Hardcore

Message Rap (a.k.a.Conscious Rap, Nation-Conscious Rap):

Jazz Rap

More low key delivery Smoother Tracks- no rock guitars, no squealing like G-Funk, no stark drum machines Sampling techniques - jazz rap pulled from jazz records. Particularly those of hard bop and bebop, while hardcore and gangsta use material from funk.

Joe Madison

NAACP member, also against rap.

Straight Outta Compton (1988)

NWA's first album

Message Rap

Nationalist : a.k.a Nation-Conscious rap or Conscious Rap (hard)

Big Freedia

New Orleans bounce gender bending queen. "Queen of Bounce".

Schoolly D

Philadelphia First to produce gangsta themed rap 1984 "Gangsta Boogie" 1985 "PSK What Does It Mean?"

Eric B and Rakim

Pioneer of Internal Rhyme

2 Live Crew and Miami Bass

Pioneers of X-Rated Rap

Black Nationalism through Action

Positive creativity, vision and healing through the 4 elements and the community members

Def Jam's mission

Produce records that were a true expression of Rap Music Culture

Femenist, Afrocentric

Queen Latifa embraced both _________ themes and ___________ themes.

Sex

Refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women

Baadman

Rules by force and intimidation. Feels justified in "beating" the system, by any means necessary. Easy E (1990) "2 Hard Mutha's

Womanist Styles/Feminist themes

Salt-n-Pepa "Push It" (1986) MC Lyte "Paper Thin" (1988

Brother D and Collective EFFORTS (1980) "HOW WE GONNA MAKE THE BLACK NATION RISE"

Some argue this song was the first "Message Rap" prior to Grandmaster Flashes hit.

UNITY

Song by Queen Latifah advocating womanism

Civil Responsibility

Sought to oppose the expression of misogynistic and sexist and self-deprecating sentiments and images in hip hop culture through boycotts and conscious raising

Censorship

Sought to prevent the sale of vulgar music that offends the mainstream moral sensibility by suppressing the First Amendment

Harlem, Watts

Soul gained currency in 1964 & 65 by African American Community during the Riots _______ , NYC(1964) _______ , CA (1965)

CRIPS

Started by 15-year old Raymond Washington Modeled after Black Panther Party (b. 1966) Original purpose: Secure resources (money, labor), Protect the community Re-invest in the community

NYC, Public Enemy's

Tension: Ice Cube leaves N.W.A. records in _____ with ____________ production team

Flashdance

The 1983 film ___________ introduces mainstream America to breakin'.

Gay Rights

The 2000s showed more national progression in the _________ movement

cross-over

The Golden Era was the commercial _________ of rap.

Community

The globalization of Hip Hop transforms the anonymous rap-listening crowd into a "community of hip hop strangers."

Soul

The ideology of black power

Gender

The role you choose within cultural constraints

Ethnomusicology

The study of music in its cultural context

East Coast vs. West Coast rivalry before 2pac and biggie

Tim Dog "F--- Compton" (1991) Dr. Dre leaves NWA in summer 1991 with Suge Knight's help: Dr. Dre "F--- wit Dre Day" (1992)

True

True or False: After the success of "The Message" Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five released similar records.

True

True or False: Tradition is not static, but dynamic

Civil Responsibility and Censorship

What are two tactics against rap?

Parental Music Resource Center

What does PMRC stand for? (Started the Parental Advisory Sticker)

Fever Records

What record label did Sal Abbattielo establish?

South Bronx and The Bridge is Over

What two records did BDP released that were coined as dis raps?

The Bridge and Kill that Noise

What two records did MC Shan release that were coined as dis raps?

Walk This Way and Fight For Your Right

What two songs are credited to helping the crossover of rap into the mainstream market?

1983-1985

What years were breakdancing a fad?

1985-1989

When did the "Golden Era" of rap take place?

1988

When did this all occur? - The debut issue of The Source, the first magazine devoted to hip-hop music, culture, and politics. - Yo! MTV Raps debut - Word Up! magazine

1984-1996

When was the Classic Gangsta Rap Period?

"Parents Just Don't Understand" DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince

Who and what song won the 1988 Grammy for best Rap song?

Dr. Dre and Suge Knight

Who created Death Row Records?

Eazy-E

Who formed NWA in March of 1987?

Adolfo Quinones

Who was the original "locker" and a forefather of hip-hop dancing?

Russell Simmons and Rick Rubin

Who were the owners of Def Jam Records

Soul, Conscious, Afrocentric

________ will often be a resources, especially for ________ Rap and __________ Rap

Hip-hop

_________ is and always will be a culture from urban Caribbean, Latina, and African-America

MC Lyte

_________ was the first woman to release a solo rap album with a major label in 1988. Her first album included songs which celebrated black hypermasculinity & sexuality. Nominated for a Grammy.

Third Wave Feminism

__________ feminists focused on abolishing gender role expectations, defending sex work, pornography, reproductive rights, and sex-positivity

Miami Bass

__________ is known for its more frenetic Tempo and its sexually oriented lyrics.

Rap Music

___________ , the most dominant form of Hip Hop Musics has always been the product of African American Verbal Arts and Language.

Black Nationalism

a U.S. political and social movement rooted in the 19th Century But most prominent 1960s (for our purposes) sought to acquire economic power and political self-determination, a sense of community among African Americans. an alternative to being assimilated by a predominantly white American nation

The Levant

a geographic sub-region of the Middle East that includes: Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Syria, Southern Turkey and Cyprus

Feminism

advocacy of the rights of women, based on a theory of equality

Queen Latifah's Black Reign

first album from female to go gold

Crunk

high energetic music with gritty hoarse, chants and antiphonic, repetitive refrains. Bottom heavy rhythms. Loop drum machines and a lot of yelled chants. Akin to call and response. Crunk and B version of Crunk along with R/B makes it a little slower and sexier

Hardcore Era 1987

lyrical subject matter, that are/could be confrontational or challenging the status quo the hard, driving beats the "noisy" sampling and production Inspired by hard rock but move away from that particular soundscape

Southern Influence

minimal with coarse accents on the high and low ends leaving space for the vocals

Mykki Blanco

multiple personalities, multiple genders.

Pop Music

music of general appeal, esp. among young people, that originated as a distinctive genre in the 1950s. It is generally characterized by a heavy rhythmic element and the use of electrical amplification

Tracey ICE T Marrow

name from pimp-poet, ICEBERG SLIM Memorized his hustler-infused rhymes in High School. "6 in the Mornin'" (1987) "Rhyme Pays" (1987) "Grand Larceny" (1987)

L e l f

openly gay rapper

Chopped and Screwed

refered to Dj Screw (pioneer of early 1990s) coined the term with slower drug like sounds from purple drank aka surrp. The slower tempo defined the "screwed" but the cuts, pauses and rewinds define the "chopped".