FOUNDATIONS OF PROGRAMMING : INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING : 01.02 INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON

JAVA

JAVA drop down QUICK FACTS Popular programming language named for the amount of coffee the programmers drank while developing the language in 1995. Used in web applications, network programming, Android devices, etc. Compiled Language and High-level languag

MACHINE LANGUAGE

MACHINE LANGUAGE drop down QUICK FACTS This language uses a series of 1s and 0s to communicate with the computer. It can be hard for humans to understand and write. Low-level language

High-level Programming Languages

Much closer to human languages than low-level languages, making it easier for programmers to learn and use. Uses: To write programs for just about anything (operating systems, complicated scientific calculations, general applications such as a word processor). Pros: More user friendly and can be used on different kinds of hardware. Cons: When run, programs tend to be slower than ones written with low-level languages. Limits:Must be translated into machine code (this is done by interpreting and compiling).

PYTHON

PYTHON drop down QUICK FACTS General-purpose programming language developed in 1991 by Guido Von Rossum Often used as a first language to learn programming Used for web applications, software development Used by - Google, Yahoo, and YouTube High-level language and nterpreted Language

GUIDO VAN ROSSUM

GUIDO VAN ROSSUM (1956 - ) Class Clown This Dutch programmer wrote Python and earns the title of Class Clown. As a fan of the British comedian group, Monty Python, Rossum aptly named his program after them. Python users nicknamed him "Benevolent Dictator For Life" because as code founder, he still has the final say in all Python disputes.

print("Here we Go!") print("Python is language AND a reptile!") print(10+16) print((24/6)*20 )

Here we Go! Python is language AND a reptile! 26 80

compiler

A compiler translates all lines of code together and then executes them at once. This is more like translating an entire book into a different language. You wouldn't do just part of it - you would translate the whole thing and then release it all at once. Java is an example of a compiled language. Here's an example: video game background Follow these instructions to find the Hidden Epic Relic Loot. Walk to the end of the hallway. Turn left. Walk to the end of the hallway. Turn right. Open the treasure chest. (you press forward, left, forward, right, and then click on the treasure chest to open it) In this example, you're reading the complete set of instructions and then carrying them out all at once. This is what a compiler does when it translates high-level languages to the machine code that computers can understand. Compiled language quick facts: A compiled language produces translated machine code that can be saved and run later. The compiled program can be shared with others while keeping the source code private. The compiled code is ready to be executed, also known as run. Compiled programs tend to run faster than programs of interpreted languages.

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE drop down QUICK FACTS Uses letters and numbers to represent machine language Low-level language

interpreter

An interpreter translates one line of code and then executes it before moving to the next line. Think of it like an online language translator. You input a single phrase in your language, and it pops out that same phrase in French or Portuguese. Python is an example of an interpreted language. Here's an example: video game background Follow these instructions step-by-step to find the Hidden Epic Relic Loot. Walk to the end of the hallway. (you press forward) Turn left. (you press left) Walk to the end of the hallway. (you press forward) Turn right. (you press right) Open the treasure chest. (you click on the treasure chest to open it) Here, you're following one line of instruction at a time. This is what an interpreter does when it translates high-level languages to the machine code that computers can understand. Interpreted language quick facts: To run a program, interpreter software is required. For others to run the program, they must have the original source code. Programs written with interpreted languages tend to run more slowly than programs of compiled languages.

C

C: drop down QUICK FACTS The name for the 1972 language came from an earlier language called B It is the second-most popular language, and is used in computer game development, cross-platform programming, and more Compiled Language and High-level language

Low-level Programming Languages

Considered less readable by humans because they are written in the computer's native machine code Uses: To write code/instructions/programs that control the computer's hardware. Pros: More control over the hardware and executes tasks more quickly. Cons: Written in machine code, which is challenging for humans to understand. Limits: Programs are written for specific computers and will only work on that one type of computer.

FORTRAN

FORTRAN (Formula Translation) drop down QUICK FACTS Designed in 1954 at IBM Mainly used for calculations on large computers Still used in weather forecasting, but for the most part, obsolete Compiled Language and High-level language