Freshman Comp II MLA/USE exam

secondary source

A secondhand account of an event or a retelling of another person's observations written by someone who did not witness or actually participate in the events.

url

An easy-to-remember address for calling a web page

argumentum ad hominem

Discrediting an argument by attacking the person who makes it rather than the argument itself

fair use doctrine

Part of copyright law that provides for the limited use of copyrighted work without permission.

vicious abstraction

The removal of a statement from its context, thereby changing its meaning.

summary

a brief statement or account of the main points of something.

primary source

an account of an event created by someone who took part in or witnessed the event

boolean operators

and/or - words used to narrow or expand research materials in a search engine

doi

digital object identifier- from databases

marking the boundaries (simple rule)

distinguishing between unique and source material in an analysis

or

expands

paraphrase

express the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity.

common knowledge

information that most educated people are expected to know

interpretive lead-in

introducing source material in a clear way to ensure no plagiarism

and

narrows

appeal to authority

persuading by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution.

public domain

property rights that belong to the community at large, are unprotected by copyright or patent, and are subject to use by anyone

EAR test

test to determine the validity and credibility of a source (Expertise, Accuracy, Reliability)

straw man fallacy

when a speaker ignores the actual position of an opponent and substitutes it with a distorted and exaggerated position that is easy to refute

genetic error

when the argument is dismissed because of its history, origin, or source

Emotive language

words used deliberately to create an emotional impact