Functional Bio chap 11
_____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.
Gap (communicating) junctions
How does the absence of a signal transduction cascade in the processing of steroid hormones affect the cellular response that is possible?
As with a signal transduction pathway, gene expression may be altered. Other types of responses, such as muscle contraction or the rapid mobilization of glucose, are not possible.
How does the absence of a signal transduction cascade in the processing of steroid hormones affect signal amplification?
No amplification can occur because the number of signaling molecules dictates the size of the response.
How does the absence of a signal transduction cascade in the processing of steroid hormones affect signal regulation?
Only one step is available for regulation, which includes either blocking the receptor or making it more responsive to the signaling molecule.
How do only certain cells respond to particular signaling molecules that may be sent throughout the body?
They express the appropriate receptor.
What characteristics do desmosomes bestow on tissues that use these adhesions to connect adjacent cells?
They provide strong connections to resist pulling forces.
Where are protein components of the extracellular matrix synthesized?
at the rough ER
The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.
desmosomes
A cell with membrane-bound proteins that selectively bind a specific hormone is called that hormone's _____.
target cell
Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials? gap (communicating) junctions plasmodesmata tight junctions desmosomes (anchoring junctions) keratin fibers
tight junctions