Functional Groups
Define Fermentation.
Fermentation is thee production of ethanol from sugars by the action of yeast or bacteria.
What is a fatty acid?
carbonxyl group ( C=0 bonded to OH)
What name ending designates a ketone?
-one.
Define Functional Group.
A fuctional group is a specific arrangement of atoms in an organic coumpound that is capable of characteristic chemical reations.
Define Halocarbons.
A halocarbon is a carbon-containing compound with a halogen substituent.
Define Polymers.
A large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules.
Around what temperature does a hydration reaction occur?
About 100 degrees C in the presence of a trace of a strong acid.
How are organic compounds classified?
According to their functional group.
Define Substitution Reaction.
An atom or a group of atoms that replace another atom or group of atoms.
Define Ether.
An ether is a compound in which oxygen is bonded to two carbon groups.
Define Denatured Alcohol.
Denatured Alcohol is ethanol with an added substance to make it toxic.
Define Alkyl Halides.
Halocarbons in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an aliphatic chain.
Define Aryl Halides.
Halocarbons in which a halogen is attached to a carbon of an arene ring.
Where is polyisoprene found and what is it used in?
It's a polymer that contains natural rubber usually found in a rubber tree. It is used to make tires, rubber bands and soles of athletic shoes.
What common household items are associated with polyethylene?
Plastic bottles, plastic bags, food containers etc.
What are polyamids?
Polymers in which the carboxylic acid and amine monomer units are linked together by amide bonds.
What is polymerization?
The process of linking monomers together.
Define Monomers.
The smaller molecules that that combine to form a polymeris a monomer.
What do mouthwash, perfume, and hairspray have in common?
They all contain alcohol (organic compuond with an OH group) of some type.
When is Kelvar needed?
When wanting some extensively strong and flame resistant.