Fundamental Information Security Chapter 11: Malicious Code and Activity
Alison discovers that a system under her control has been infected with malware, which is using a key logger to report user keystrokes to a third party. What information security property is this malware attacking? Integrity Availability Accounting Confidentiality
Confidentiality
Larry recently viewed an auction listing on a website. As a result, his computer executed code that popped up a window that asked for his password. What type of attack has Larry likely encountered? SQL injection Command injection XML injection Cross-site scripting (XSS)
Cross-site scripting (XSS)
What program, released in 2013, is an example of ransomware? BitLocker Crypt0L0cker FileVault CryptoVault
Crypt0L0cker
What is NOT one of the four main purposes of an attack? Denial of availability Data import Data modification Launch point
Data import
A worm is a self-contained program that has to trick users into running it. True False
False
Retro viruses counter the ability of antivirus programs to detect changes in infected files. True False
False
Spyware does NOT use cookies. True False
False
System infectors are viruses that attack document files containing embedded macro programming capabilities. True False
False
The four primary types of malicious code attacks are unplanned attacks, planned attacks, direct attacks, and indirect attacks. True False
False
Trojans are self-contained programs designed to propagate from one host machine to another using the host's own network communications protocols. True False
False
What is NOT a common motivation for attackers? Answers: Money Fame Revenge Fear
Fear
What type of system is intentionally exposed to attackers in an attempt to lure them out? Honeypot Bastion host Web server Database server
Honeypot
What file type is least likely to be impacted by a file infector virus? .exe .docx .com .dll
.docx
Yolanda would like to prevent attackers from using her network as a relay point for a smurf attack. What protocol should she block? Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Brian would like to conduct a port scan against his systems to determine how they look from an attacker's viewpoint. What tool can he use for this purpose? Ping Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent Nmap Remote Access Tool (RAT)
Nmap
Adam discovers a virus on his system that is using encryption to modify itself. The virus escapes detection by signature-based antivirus software. What type of virus has he discovered? Answers: Polymorphic virus Stealth virus Cross-platform virus Multipartite virus
Polymorphic virus
What type of malicious software allows an attacker to remotely control a compromised computer? Worm Polymorphic virus Remote Access Tool (RAT) Armored virus
Remote Access Tool (RAT)
Bob is developing a web application that depends upon a database backend. What type of attack could a malicious individual use to send commands through his web application to the database? Cross-site scripting (XSS) XML injection SQL injection LDAP injection
SQL injection
Gwen is investigating an attack. An intruder managed to take over the identity of a user who was legitimately logged into Gwen's company's website by manipulating Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers. Which type of attack likely took place? Session hijacking XML injection Cross-site scripting SQL injection
Session hijacking
The CEO of Kelly's company recently fell victim to an attack. The attackers sent the CEO an email informing him that his company was being sued and he needed to view a subpoena at a court website. When visiting the website, malicious code was downloaded onto the CEO's computer. What type of attack took place? Spear phishing Pharming Adware Command injection
Spear phishing
Which type of virus targets computer hardware and software startup functions? Hardware infector System infector File infector Data infector
System infector
Breanne's system was infected by malicious code after she installed an innocent-looking solitaire game that she downloaded from the Internet. What type of malware did she likely encounter? Virus Worm Trojan horse Logic bomb
Trojan horse
A computer virus is an executable program that attaches to, or infects, other executable programs. True False
True
A successful denial of service (DoS) attack may create so much network congestion that authorized users cannot access network resources. True False
True
An electronic mail bomb is a form of malicious macro attack that typically involves an email attachment that contains macros designed to inflict maximum damage. True False
True
Attacks against confidentiality and privacy, data integrity, and availability of services are all ways malicious code can threaten businesses. True False
True
Backdoor programs are typically more dangerous than computer viruses. True False
True
Because people inside an organization generally have more detailed knowledge of the IT infrastructure than outsiders do, they can place logic bombs more easily. True False
True
Defense in depth is the practice of layering defenses to increase overall security and provide more reaction time to respond to incidents. True False
True
It is common for rootkits to modify parts of the operating system to conceal traces of their presence. True False
True
What ISO security standard can help guide the creation of an organization's security policy? 12333 17259 27002 42053
27002
The function of homepage hijacking is to change a browser's homepage to point to the attacker's site. True False
True
The term "web defacement" refers to someone gaining unauthorized access to a web server and altering the index page of a site on the server. True False
True
Unlike viruses, worms do NOT require a host program in order to survive and replicate. True False
True
What is NOT a typical sign of virus activity on a system? Unexplained decrease in available disk space Unexpected error messages Unexpected power failures Sudden sluggishness of applications
Unexpected power failures
Val would like to limit the websites that her users visit to those on an approved list of pre-cleared sites. What type of approach is Val advocating? Blacklisting Context-based screening Packet filtering Whitelisting
Whitelisting
What tool might be used by an attacker during the reconnaissance phase of an attack to glean information about domain registrations? Whois Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Ping Domain Name System (DN
Whois
