Gas Exchange practice questions
A patient at 26 weeks of gestation is diagnosed with tuberculosis and asks if any of the treatments will harm the baby. Which response should the nurse provide? "As the treatment options are considered, the potential harm to your baby will be considered against the benefit for you." "While some of the drugs used to treat tuberculosis can affect the fetus, none of the potential effects are serious." "The risk of allowing the tuberculosis to go untreated is far more harmful for your baby than the treatments will be." "Unfortunately, all of the drugs used to treat tuberculosis cross the placenta and are still being studied to determine the effects."
"As the treatment options are considered, the potential harm to your baby will be considered against the benefit for you."
A patient who recently immigrated to the United States and no known history has a positive PPD test. Which prescription should the nurse expect from the healthcare provider? "Begin an initial regimen of 4 oral antituberculosis drugs." "Administer Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine." "Perform sensitivity testing to identify the appropriate drug therapy." "Begin single-drug prophylactic therapy."
"Begin single-drug prophylactic therapy."
A patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) asks the nurse why they need to maintain a high-calorie, high-fat diet. Which response by the nurse explains the need for 50% more calories? "Patients with CF burn more calories so they require a higher caloric intake." "The only time a patient with CF needs more calories is during a pulmonary exacerbation." "CF affects digestion and nutrient absoption, so you need extra calories." "While a high-calorie, high-fat diet is usually not associated with a healthy lifestyle, it can be beneficial for patients with CF."
"CF affects digestion and nutrient absoption, so you need extra calories."
A patient reports starting prophylactic isoniazid therapy. Which question should the nurse ask to determine the reason for this treatment approach? "Did you have a sputum culture that was positive for M. tuberculosis?" "Have you been having a fever or night sweats? "Did you have a positive tuberculosis skin test after previous negative ones?" "Have you recently traveled to a country where tuberculosis is prevalent?"
"Did you have a positive tuberculosis skin test after previous negative ones?"
The nurse is teaching a patient recently diagnosed with tuberculosis about measures to cope with the disease. Which instruction should the nurse include to minimize nutritional problems that are secondary to tuberculosis? "Keep fluid intake between 1-1.5 liters per day." "Ensure moderate alcohol intake, to a maximum of two drinks per day." "Eat a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet." "Increase intake of unsaturated fats."
"Eat a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet."
The nurse is conducting a health history with a patient at risk for tuberculosis. Which question should the nurse ask to determine the patient's risk for latent tuberculosis? "Can you describe your living situation?" "Do you use alcohol or recreational drugs?" "Have you recently traveled outside of the country?" "Have you recently been experiencing fevers upon awakening?"
"Have you recently traveled outside of the country?"
The nurse is teaching a woman with cystic fibrosis (CF) about possible complications during pregnancy. Which response by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I will experience a higher weight gain than other patients while pregnant." "I am at higher risk for preeclampsia because of my CF medications." "I am at higher risk for gestational diabetes because of my CF." "I could be at a higher risk for spontaneous miscarriage if I get pregnant."
"I am at higher risk for gestational diabetes because of my CF."
The nurse is teaching a patient receiving treatment for active tuberculosis. Which patient statement should indicate to the nurse that teaching has been effective? "I need to try and quit smoking; I will look for a support group to help me do so." "I will try to include more fats in my diet to prevent weight loss due to tuberculosis." "I will reduce my alcohol intake to less than 3-4 drinks per week." "I will keep my fluid intake to 1000-1800
"I need to try and quit smoking; I will look for a support group to help me do so."
During a family-centered patient-teaching session with a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF), the nurse teaches interventions to prevent infection. Which patient statement indicates understanding of the teaching? "I should cough into a clean tissue and throw it away immediately." "It is OK for me to share my drinking glass, but only with family." "I have a high risk of getting the flu if I accept the flu vaccination." "It is dangerous for me to come in close contact with anyone."
"I should cough into a clean tissue and throw it away immediately."
The nurse is teaching a parent about caring for their child who has a new diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the type of diet recommended? "I should provide a diet low in protein." "I should provide a high-calorie diet with high-fat food." "I should provide a low-calorie diet made up of low-fat foods." "We should all become vegetarian."
"I should provide a high-calorie diet with high-fat food."
The nurse instructs a college-aged student with tuberculosis (TB) on ways to prevent the spread of infection. Which patient statement should indicate to the nurse that teaching was effective? "I will only use a disposable handkerchief that can be washed in very hot water." "I will make sure that I use the same eating utensils each time." "I can drink alcohol as long as it is in moderation." "I will let my roommates know that they need to be tested."
"I will let my roommates know that they need to be tested.
A patient with tuberculosis is prescribed ethambutol. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this patient? "If you have visual changes, immediately stop the drug." "Monitor vision daily by reading newspapers and looking at the same blue object." "Always take this medication on an empty stomach." "Schedule an eye exam as soon as you finish therapy."
"Monitor vision daily by reading newspapers and looking at the same blue object."
The nurse prepares teaching material on tuberculosis for a group of new nurses. Which pathophysiological process should the nurse explain that allows M. tuberculosis organisms to enter the lymphatic system and stimulate a cell-mediated immune response? "Once surrounded by phagocytic cells, M. tuberculosis organisms continue to multiple slowly within the macrophage." "Granulomatous tissue erodes into the blood vessels and lymphatic system, causing an immune response." "M. tuberculosis bacilli elude upper airway defenses and implant in an alveolus and the lymphatic system." "A granulomatous lesion called a tubercle is formed, allowing the disease to spread to the lymphatic system."
"Once surrounded by phagocytic cells, M. tuberculosis organisms continue to multiple slowly within the macrophage."
A resident in a nursing home asks why a second test for tuberculosis has to be done if the first test was negative. Which response should the nurse make? "Older adults are much harder to diagnose with tuberculosis; therefore, we always repeat the test." "We test twice just in case the first tuberculosis skin test was not planted properly." "Repeating the skin test improves sensitivity to the test so that silent cases of tuberculosis are not missed." "You have several risk factors for tuberculosis and need to be tested twice to make sure the disease is not present."
"Repeating the skin test improves sensitivity to the test so that silent cases of tuberculosis are not missed."
The nurse is assessing a 19-year-old man with cystic fibrosis (CF) who states that they are finding their condition is less controlled with the current combination of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies. How shoul the nurse respond? "Tell me more about how your condition is less controlled." "You must not be following your treatment plan." "Are you having more trouble breathing?" "You need your mom to help you stay on track."
"Tell me more about how your condition is less controlled."
The family of a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) is learning how to perform chest percussion therapy (CPT) to promote airway clearance. Which instruction should the nurse include regarding positioning? "The patient should sit or lie with their head down while CPT is being performed." "The patient should sit up during CPT so you can provide percussion on both sides of the chest." "The patient should lie on their side for CPT and prop their head up on a pillow to facilitate drainage." "The patient should stand up for CPT and then lie flat to cough and clear their airway."
"The patient should sit or lie with their head down while CPT is being performed."
The nurse is explaining the risk factors for cystic fibrosis (CF) to a couple planning to have a family. The husband informs the nurse of having a relative who has cystic fibrosis (CF) and asks "Does that mean my child will have CF?" Which response from the nurse is accurate? "Since you have a relative with cystic fibrosis, you have the gene mutation, and your child will too." "To have cystic fibrosis, a child must be deprived of oxygen during the prenatal period." "To have cystic fibrosis, a child must inherit one copy of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation from each parent." "To have cystic fibrosis, a child must have a brain injury during birth."
"To have cystic fibrosis, a child must inherit one copy of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation from each parent."
The nurse is caring for a child recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). The mother is trying to cope with the diagnosis and asks the nurse, "What caused this?" Which response by the nurse is accurate? "CF is caused by a lack of prenatal care. Did you go to all of your appointments while pregnant?" "Did you take prenatal vitamins during your pregnancy? A lack of nutrients can cause CF." "You didn't do anything wrong. CF is caused by a gene mutation that causes the absence or dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis receptors (CFR)." "You didn't do anything wrong. CF is caused by an inherited gene mutation that causes a problem with the balance of salt and water in the mucous cells."
"You didn't do anything wrong. CF is caused by an inherited gene mutation that causes a problem with the balance of salt and water in the mucous cells."
A nurse is admitting a client who has manifestations that suggest tuberculosis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? A. Initiate airborne precautions B. Administer antimicrobial therapy C. Tell the client that the infection will be communicable for 2-3 weeks from the start of medication therapy D. Teach the client about the manifestations of tuberculosis
A
A nurse is admitting a client who has manifestations that suggest tuberculosis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? A. Initiate airborne precautions B. Administer antimicrobial therapy C. Tell the client that the infection will be communicable for 2-3 weeks from start of medication therapy D. Teach the client about the manifestations of tuberculosis
A
A nurse is caring for a client who has TB and is taking rifampin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of rifampin? A. Red-tinged urine B. Tinnitus C. Blurred vision D. Dry mouth
A
A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking rifampin. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? A. "I have noticed my urine is orange in color." B. "I sleep more than I used to." C. "My tongue and mouth are sore." D. "My voice seems hoarse."
A
A nurse is monitoring a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a client. The client has active pulmonary tuberculosis, was placed on airborne precautions, and is scheduled for a chest X-ray. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to take which of the following actions? A. Have the client wear a surgical mask B. Wear a gown for protection from the client's infection C. Ask the radiology staff to perform a portable chest X-ray in the client's room D. Place an N-95 respirator on the client
A
A nurse is monitoring a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a client. The client has active pulmonary tuberculosis, was placed on airborne precautions, and is scheduled for a chest x-ray. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to take which of the following actions? A. Have the client wear a surgical mask B. Wear a gown for protection from the client's infection C. Ask the radiology staff to perform a portable chest x-ray in the client's room D. Place an N95 respiratory on the client
A
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a child has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make? A. Increase the child's protein intake B. Decrease the child's calorie intake C. Increase the child's fiber intake D. Decrease the child's salt intake
A
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a toddler who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Provide a high-fat diet for the toddler B. Limit the toddler's daily intake of sodium C. Increase the toddler's intake of foods high in folic acid D. Allow the toddler to skip meals when he is not hungry
A
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a child who has cystic fibrosis and a prolapsed rectum. The nurse should identify that which of the following is a cause of this complication? A. Bulky stools B. Weakened rectal sphincter C. Elevated pancreatic enzymes D. Decreased intra-abdominal pressure
A
A charge nurse receives notification of the admission of a client who is coughing frequently and whose sputum is pink, frothy, and copious. The client has a history of night sweats, anorexia, and weight loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? SATA A. Assign the client to a private room with negative-pressure airflow B. Add contact precautions to the client's plan of care C. Wear an N95 respiratory when entering the client's room D. Ensure the client's environment provides 4 exchanges of fresh air per minute E. Institute protective environment precautions as soon as the client arrives on the unit
A C
The nurse is preparing teaching about the increased number of tuberculosis cases reported during the last year in the local community. For which population should the nurse focus to decrease the risk of spreading tuberculosis? Children who attend public school Adult residents in nursing homes Infants in daycare Adolescents involved in sports
Adult residents in nursing homes
Which manifestation is a hallmark that the nurse should recognize finding in a patient suspected of cystic fibrosis? A decreased amount of chloride in the nasal secretions An increased amount of chloride in the sweat An increased amount of chloride in the nasal secretions A decreased amount of chloride in the sweat
An increased amount of chloride in the sweat
The nurse is caring for individuals in a homeless shelter. Which behavior should the nurse emphasize to help reduce the risk of tuberculosis in this population? Eat high-fat foods Avoid unprotected sex Stop tobacco use Avoid injection drug use
Avoid injection drug use
A nurse is caring for a child who has an exacerbation of cystic fibrosis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? A. Blood glucose 140mg/dL B. Oxygen saturation 85% C. RBC 3.2 million/uL D. Serum sodium 156mEq/L
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking isoniazid and rifampin for 3 weeks for the treatment of active TB. The client reports his urine is an orange color. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "Stop taking the isoniazid for 3 days, and the discoloration should go away." B. "Rifampin can turn body fluids orange." C. "I'll make an appointment for you to see the provider this afternoon." D. "Isoniazid can cause bladder irritation."
B
A nurse is evaluating the injection site of a client who had a Mantoux skin test 48hr ago. The nurse finds 10mm of induration with slight redness. Which of the following conclusions should the nurse make? A. The client has active tuberculosis B. The client has had an exposure to tuberculosis C. The nurse must re-evaluate the result in 24hr D. The test is negative for tuberculosis
B
A nurse is evaluating the injection site of a client who had a Mantoux test 48 hrs ago. The nurse finds 10mm of induration with slight redness. Which of the following conclusions should the nurse make? A. The client has active TB B. The client had an exposure to tuberculosis C. The nurse must re-evaluate the result in 24hr D. The test is negative for TB
B
A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who has mild intermittent asthma. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following inhalers for the client? A. Ipratropium B. Albuterol sulfate C. Tiotropium D. Budesonide
B
The parent of a child recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) states that they are overwhelmed with caring for the child and that they do not know what to do next. Which suggestion should the nurse provide to incorporate elements of family-oriented care for this child? Ask the healthcare provider to get the family involved. Bring the family together for a teaching session. Ask the parent why they were not comfortable asking for help sooner. Contact other family members and ask them to participate in caring for the child
Bring the family together for a teaching session.
A nurse in a clinic is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled to have a tuberculin skin test. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. "If the test is positive, it means you have an active case of tuberculosis." B. "If the test is positive, you should have tuberculin skin test in 3 weeks." C. "You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2-3 days." D. "A nurse will use a small lancet to scratch the skin of your forearm before applying the tuberculin substance."
C
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis? A. pericardial friction rub B. Weight gain C. Night sweats D. Cyanosis of the fingertipes
C
A nurse is assessing a client who has a positive tuberculin skin test. Which of the following findings indicates that the client has active tuberculosis? A. Rhinitis B. Air hunger C. Night sweats D. Weight gain
C
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who states he is homeless. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as comorbidities for this client? A. Inadequate shelter and clothing for the weather B. Malnutrition and poverty C. Dementia and tuberculosis D. Lack of preventive health care and immunizations
C
A nurse is providing teaching about disease-management strategies to a 9 year old client who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. "Thorough and effective pulmonary clearance can help prevent the need for a lung transplant when you get older." B. "You should eat these kinds of foods because they will help you grow big and strong." C. "Your mucus is thick because cystic fibrosis interferes with how your glands work." D. "Your medication follows a certain schedules to help you sleep better."
C
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has tuberculosis and a prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "You'll need to take this medication for the rest of your life to prevent recurrence." B. "Your provider will monitor your thyroid function while you are taking this medication." C. "You should take this medication on an empty stomach." D. "You should take this medication with an antacid."
C
A nurse is teaching a client who has TB about a new prescription about a new prescription for rifampin. which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take this medication with food." B. "I need to take a B-complex vitamin while taking this medication." C. "I can expect this medication to turn my skin orange." D. "I can expect this medication to make my vision blurry."
C
A nurse is teaching a client who has TB about a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take this medication with food." B. "I need to take a B-complex vitamin while using this medication." C. "I can expect this medication to turn my skin orange." D. "I can expect this medication to make my vision blurry."
C
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should take this medication with food." B. "I need to take a B-complex vitamin while using the medication." C. "I can expect this medication to turn my skin orange." D. "I can expect this medication to make my vision blurry."
C
A young pregnant patient who is visiting the clinic with her spouse informs the nurse that they both carry the gene for cystic fibrosis (CF). Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order to determine the health of the fetus? Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) Paternity test Extra chromosome test Sweat test
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
The nurse is assessing a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF). The nurse observes that the patient coughed into their sleeve and then wiped the mouth with the back of the hand. Which patient teaching should help to prevent the spread of infection? Coughing into the sleeve, then cleaning the hands with an alcohol-based gel Coughing into an open hand, then using an alcohol-based gel Coughing into a tissue, disposing of it immediately, then using an alcohol-based gel Coughing into a tissue, then disposing of the tissue immediately
Coughing into a tissue, disposing of it immediately, then using an alcohol-based gel
A couple visits the clinic to discuss family planning and inform the nurse of having a distant cousin with cystic fibrosis. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order? Sweat test Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Amniocentesis Chorionic villus testing (CVS)
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
A nurse is assessing a client who has multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and takes ethambutol. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Mottling of the extremities B. Orange-red urine and bodily secretions C. Yellowing of the sclera D. Loss of red-green color discrimination
D
A nurse is caring for a 2 year old child who has cystic fibrosis. The nurse is planning to take the child to the playroom. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for the child? A. Cutting figures from colored paper B. Drawing stick figures using crayons C. Riding a tricycle D. Building towers with blocks
D
A nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis who has a pulmonary infection. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? A. Blood streaking of the sputum B. Dry mucous membrane C. Constipation D. Inability to clear secretions
D
A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Mantoux skin test following screening for TB. The nurse should inform the client that this positive reaction indicates which of the following findings? A> The client has never been exposed to TB B. The client had infectious TB in the past, but the infection is not active C. The client has active TB D. Further evaluation is required
D
A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected to have tuberculosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Recent weight gain B. High fever C. Rhinitis D. Blood-streaked sputum
D
A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected to have tuberculosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Recent weight gain B. High fever C. Rhinitis D. Blood-streaked sputum
D
A nurse is preparing to administer a Mantoux skin test to a client. The nurse should inform the client that the purpose of a Mantoux skin test using PPD to do which of the following actions? A. Identify if a client lacks immunity to tuberculosis B. Find out if a client has active tuberculosis C. Decrease the hypersensitivity of the client's reaction to PPD D. Identify if a client has been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis
D
A nurse is preparing to administer a Mantoux skin test to a client. What is the purpose of a Mantoux skin test using purified protein derivative (PPD)? A. To identify if a client lacks immunity to tuberculosis B. To find out if a client has active tuberculosis C. To decrease the hypersensitivity of the client's reaction to PPD D. To identify if a client has been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with tuberculosis who has prescriptions for rifampin and ethambutol. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of these medications that the client should report to the provider? A. Red-orange discoloration of urine B. Unexpected weight gain C. Ringing in the ears D. Decreased visual acuity
D
The nurse is preparing teaching material on the many unique concerns that manifest during the adulthood of a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which condition should the nurse include to be a result of the long-term effect on the body? Damage to the pancreas may lead to pancreatitis. Damage to the skin may lead to skin grafts. Damage to the lungs, pancreas, and liver may lead to organ replacement. Damage to the liver may lead to cholecystectomy.
Damage to the lungs, pancreas, and liver may lead to organ replacement
Which condition should the nurse recognize as being more common in a pregnant woman with cystic fibrosis? Preeclampsia Gestational diabetes Higher weight gain Spontaneous miscarriage
Gestational diabetes
The nurse is assessing the result of a tuberculin skin test. Which area of induration should the nurse identify that always indicates a positive response to a tuberculin test? 10-15 mm Greater than 15 mm Less than 5 mm 5-9 mm
Greater than 15 mm
Which dietary intervention should the nurse discuss with a patient diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF)? Low-calorie, high-fat diet High-calorie, high-fat diet High-calorie, low-fat diet Low-calorie, low-fat diet
High-calorie, high-fat diet
A recent immigrant who has been living with multiple relatives in a small home is diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Which action should the nurse recommend to this patient? Wearing a mask throughout treatment period Moving elsewhere until treatment for tuberculosis is completed Participating in a support group for individuals with active tuberculosis Identifying close contacts for evaluation and treatment, if needed
Identifying close contacts for evaluation and treatment, if needed
The nurse is assessing a teenage boy with cystic fibrosis. The parent of the patient states that the boy has been feeling down and tired all the time, playing video games most of the day. Which recommendation should the nurse provide to improve overall health and endurance of this patient? Start hydrotherapy. Evaluate medications. Increase physical activity. Begin megavitamin therapy.
Increase physical activity
The healthcare provider orders a sweat test for a patient suspected to have cystic fibrosis (CF). Which finding should the nurse expect? Increased oxygen Increased sodium Increased chloride Increased water
Increased chloride
The public health nurse is assessing a group of immigrants living in a small area. On which subgroup should the nurse focus for disseminated tuberculosis or tuberculosis meningitis? Pregnant women Infants and young children Older adults Newest immigrants
Infants and young children
The nurse is teaching a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) about clearing mucus from the lungs. Which instruction should the nurse provide? Inhale, then actively exhale, expelling mucus. Patting on the back while coughing is the best way to clear mucus. Blowing the nose is the best way to clear mucus. Repetitious coughing is the best way for patients to clear mucus.
Inhale, then actively exhale, expelling mucus
The nurse is assessing a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which assessment activity is the priority? Inspect the patient for a barrel chest. Auscultate for abnormal heart sounds. Inspect the patient for retractions and nasal flaring. Auscultate for increased bowel sounds.
Inspect the patient for retractions and nasal flaring.
The nurse is teaching an older adult woman with cystic fibrosis (CF) how to prevent urinary incontinence due to weak pelvic muscles. Which exercise should the nurse include? T'ai chi Kegel Leg lifts Pilates
Kegel
The nurse suspects that a preschool patient may need an intradermal tuberculosis test. Which data should indicate to the nurse that this type of skin test is required? Recent antibiotic treatment for otitis media History of asthma Leukemia diagnosis Down syndrome
Leukemia diagnosis
The nurse is assessing a 5-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis. The patient's parent is confused about the medication and asks, "Which one of these medications breaks up his secretions?" Which response by the nurse is accurate? CFTR modulator Bronchodilator Vitamin C Mucolytic
Mucolytic
A patient with active tuberculosis is being admitted to an acute care facility. The nurse should request which type of room assignment for this patient? Room near nurse's station with respiratory isolation precautions Private room with double door entry Negative airflow room Positive pressure isolation room
Negative airflow room
A patient with a history of chronic alcoholism is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse identify that supports this diagnosis? Weight gain High fever in the morning Night sweats Increased appetite
Night sweats
A patient is prescribed isoniazid (INH) as prophylactic treatment after close contact with an individual with active tuberculosis. For which information in the patient's history should the nurse question the use of this medication? Patient is an alcoholic. Patient has diabetes. Patient smokes 40 packs per year. Patient has been nonadherent with medications in the past.
Patient is an alcoholic.
The nurse is teaching a young woman recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and their parent about chest physical therapy (CPT) and postural drainage. Which instruction should the nurse include? Percuss or vibrate only over the upper ribs and never over the sternum, breastbone, stomach, or lower ribs and back. Perform percussion or vibration only when the stomach is full. Percuss or vibrate only over the breastbone, stomach, or lower ribs and back, and never the upper ribs. Hold each postural drainage position for at least 10 minutes.
Percuss or vibrate only over the upper ribs and never over the sternum, breastbone, stomach, or lower ribs and back.
The nurse is assessing a 24-year old woman with cystic fibrosis (CF) who would like to start a family. The patient and the spouse want to discuss what to expect with the pregnancy and birth of their child. Which topic related to a mother with CF should the nurse include? Increased chloride in the sweat Delayed growth and development Possible decreased fertility Increased complications of pregnancy
Possible decreased fertility
The parent of a child newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) asks, "What is the best way to help my child eliminate mucus?" Which recommendation by the nurse is appropriate? Practicing coughing Performing vaporization Clapping on the breastbone Practicing huffing
Practicing huffing
A patient has previously received a tuberculosis vaccine. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient to test for tuberculosis? Polymerase chain reaction test Mantoux test Sputum culture QuantiFERON-TB test
QuantiFERON-TB test
The nurse is reviewing assessment data for a patient being evaluated for possible tuberculosis. Which information in the patient's history should the nurse note as a risk factor for tuberculosis? Recent homelessness Current smoker Age 62 years Obesity
Recent homelessness
A patient is discharged on a treatment regimen for active tuberculosis. Which intervention should be a priority to enhance adherence to treatment? Teach how to limit transmitting the disease to others. Refer to the public health department for management and follow-up. Instruct to avoid crowds and close physical contact. Refer to a support group for patients with active
Refer to the public health department for management and follow-up
A new resident in a nursing home has an initial negative result for the purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test. Which action should the nurse take next? Document the test as negative and begin prophylaxis for tuberculosis. Collect a sputum sample for culture. Repeat the PPD in 1-2 weeks. Schedule a confirmation chest x-ray.
Repeat the PPD in 1-2 weeks
The nurse is discussing the organism that causes tuberculosis with colleagues. Which term should the nurse use to best describe the shape of this organism? Spiral Rod Spherical Corkscrew
Rod
A patient with a history of smoking, obesity, and metabolic syndrome is diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Which referral should the nurse anticipate as treatment for the infection? Fitness assessment to develop an exercise plan Smoking cessation clinic or class Local community clinic to monitor drug adherence Dietetic evaluation and teaching session
Smoking cessation clinic or class
A patient has a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) test for tuberculosis. Which test should the nurse expect to be prescribed to definitively diagnose tuberculosis? Sputum smear Sensitivity test Chest x-ray Sputum culture
Sputum culture
The nurse is assessing a 24-year old man with cystic fibrosis (CF) who is accompanied by his spouse. The couple states that they have been trying to have a family for a long time. Which complication of CF should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to discuss first with the patient? Increased chloride in the sweat Delayed growth and development Increased complications of pregnancy Sterility
Sterility
The nurse is teaching an adolescent with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the purpose of weight-bearing exercise. Which purpose should the nurse provide for this activity? To clear the lungs of mucus To decrease the risk of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and broken bones To increase the absorption of vitamin D To prevent gastrointestinal (GI) malabsorption issues
To decrease the risk of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and broken bones
The nurse notes a large number of Asian immigrants in a community. For which potential health problem should these community members be assessed? Tuberculosis Metastatic illnesses Lung disease Heart disease
Tuberculosis