Genetics and Heredity Quizzes

In the cross BB x bb, the percent of offspring in the F1 generation that will have the same genotype as one of their parents is _____.

0%

The probability that both of two tossed coins will come down heads is _____.

1/4

If the parent genotypes are Aa and Aa, the offspring are expected to be _____.

1/4 AA, 1/2 Aa, 1/4 aa

The frequency of the red eyes (p allele) in fruit flies is 63% what is the frequency of the white eye allele (q allele)?

37%

The F2 generation phenotypes resulting from the monohybrid cross of purebreds display a ratio of _____.

3:1

In considering the cross YyRr x YyRr, the phenotype ratios of the F2 generation will be _____.

9:3:3:1

Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?

A dinosaur species evolves over time into a bird species.

A nucleotide consists of ______.

A phosphate, a sugar and a nitrogen base

Carrying the genetic code and determining an organism's structure and function are the functions of _____.

DNA

Fossils can only be formed when?

If mud, silt or tar is in the area to preserve the fossil If erosion does not occur and allows the fossil to form Oxygen and microorganisms cannot decay the bones

Which statements are correct concerning human DNA?

It contains 46 chromosomes Each strand contains chromosomes from one parent.

Fossils can be formed in the mud because _________.

Mud can enclose the dead organism Mud can prevent oxygen from reaching the dead organism Over time mud can harden into rock

_____ interact to produce a trait in which neither dominant gene can produce its effect in the presence of the other.

Multiple alleles

Which of the following is an example of gene flow?

Pollen from a yellow daisy travels across a stream and pollinates an orange daisy.

Which statement correctly relates to DNA and RNA?

RNA reads and translates the DNA code.

What circumstances are best for fossils to form?

Rapid burial absence or limited oxygen supply undistrubed by geological forces

Suppose you have monohybrid snapdragons in your garden and you find that they produce red seeds to white seeds in the ratio of 3:1. If the alleles are designated R (red seeds) and r (white seeds), what are the probable genotypes of the snapdragons in your garden?

Rr only

Which cross will yield four phenotypes in the 1:1:1:1 ratio?

RrYy x rryy

______ happens when a lineage splits into two or more lines of descent.

Speciation

The development of the horse in the fossil record shows:

The horse started out the size of a small dog and evolved to the larger modern horse

A population of short-finned fish and a population of long-finned fish live in a lake. Fish with long fins swim faster than fish with short fins, which means they escape predators more often. According to natural selection, which of the following will happen over time?

The number of long-finned fish will increase.

______ is responsible for the chromosome theory, which says that genes of inheritance are in specific locations on a chromosome.

WS Sutton

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle is that genetic frequencies in a population?

Will remain stable from generation to generation

What is the genotype ration between the cross YyRr x YyRr?

YYRR:2YYRr:2Yyrr:4YyRr:YYrr:2YyRR:yyRR:2yyRr:yyrr

Can a mutation be beneficial to an organism?

Yes, because a mutation can help an organism survive in a particular environment.

DNA

a complex molecule containing the genetic code

RNA

a nucleic acid that participates in the synthesis of proteins

punctuated equilibrium

a theory of evolution that states that a species evolves in spurts of rapid change and then no change

Suppose you have monohybrid snapdragons in your garden and you find that they produce red seeds to white seeds in the ratio of 3:1. If the alleles are designated R (red seeds) and r (white seeds), what are the probable phenotypes of the parents (P1)?

all red

In a dihybrid cross, round (RR), yellow (YY) seeds were crossed with wrinkled (rr), green (yy) seeds. What were the phenotypes of the F1 generation?

all round and yellow

Different forms of a given gene are known as _____.

alleles

Mendel's principle of segregation implies that the two members of an allelic pair of genes _____.

are distributed to separate gametes

Genes that are linked together _____.

are found on a particular chromosome

Chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are known as _____.

autosomes

A species is a group of organisms that _____.

can produce offspring

A major unit of the genetic code is called a(n) _____.

chromosome

Someone who has the blood type AB had parents with _____ genes.

codominant

Dr. Wilson is analyzing the similarities between the wing of a bat and the arm of a monkey. He is using _____.

comparative morphology

Genetic codes contain _____.

complex information detailed instructions

Mutations _____.

delete genes from the gene pool add new genes to the gene pool are changes in an organism's DNA are rare occurrences

The genetic change in a population or species over many generations is _____.

evolution

A section of DNA that provides information for a protein is called a _____.

gene

Height, hair color, eye color, and intelligence are traits passed on by _____.

genes

Gregor Mendel is considered the Father of _____.

genetics

What regulates the enzymes present in an organism?

genotype

A P1 cross between a yellow seeded female (YY) and a green seeded male (yy) result in offspring that are _____.

genotypically different but phenotypically identical

Extinction _____.

has happened to over 99% of species that ever lived on earth happens when a species or population dies out

Genes that carry contrasting inheritance factors are called _____.

heterozygotes

A TT genotype is said to be _____.

homozygous

Which of the following animal pairs would you expect to have the most similar embryonic development?

horse and zebra

When neither gene in a genotype pair is dominant and neither gene is recessive, the genes are said to be _____.

incomplete dominant alleles

The _____ chromosome is the sex determiner for many species.

male

What is the mechanism of evolution proposed by Darwin?

natural selection

The rungs or steps of DNA are made up of _______, which are attached to the sides or railings of DNA, which are made up of _______.

nitrogenous bases deoxyribose and phosphate

A family has seven sons. The chance that their eighth child will be a daughter is _____.

one chance in two

The outward appearance of a particular trait is called the _____.

phenotype

Regulating the manufacture of _____ is the function of RNA.

protein

A theory of evolution that states that a species evolves in spurts of rapid change and then goes through periods of no change is known as _____.

punctuated equilibrium

Which type of RNA makes up the ribosomes that manufacture polypeptides?

rRNA

The process by which DNA makes a complete copy of itself is called ______.

replication

Analogous structures _____.

result from evolution in a similar environment

Most fossils are found in what type of rock?

sedimentary

Sexual reproduction produces offspring _____.

similar to parents but also genetically unique

Fossils _____.

support evolution because they show changes in an organism's structure

What is represented by the base root of a phylogenetic tree?

the origin of the species

convergent evolution

a pattern of evolution in which similar characteristics evolve between two unrelated species

adaptive radiation

a pattern of evolution in which slightly different species evolve from one common ancestor

coevolution

a pattern of evolution in which two species evolve in relation to each other

divergent evolution

a pattern of evolution in which very different species evolve from one common ancestor

gene

a segment that contains the information for making protein

The principle of _____ suggests that a plant with the genotype Tt will display a tall phenotype.

dominance

Microevolution _____.

efers to evolution at or below the species level includes evolution at the population and community level is based on direct observation

If only a single member of a pair of chromosomes is present in a cell, it is a _____ condition and is most likely a _____ cell.

haploid reproductive

Evolution _____.

happens on a genetic level

Genetic drift _____.

happens when random events change the genotype of a population

Changes in the genetic make-up are normally ______ to the organism.

harmful

gradualism

theory of evolution that states that a species evolves by consistent, small, steps