geog exam 1

over the last 120 years, approximately how much has the global average temperature change?

+1.0 Celsius

which of the following reflects the most shortwave radiation back toward space?

clouds

if it is 5 pm in NYC, what time is it in Sacramento?

2 pm

where might the direct ray of the sun be on about june 28th of any year?

21 degrees north latitude and moving south

where might the direct ray of the sun be on december 15th of any year?

21 degrees south latitude and moving south

how many hours does it take the earth to rotate exactly 45 degrees on its axis?

3 hours

which location is likely to have the lowest annual temperature ranges?

5 degrees latitude and near the ocean

which type of system is closed to inputs and outputs of energy?

closed system

what is an example of poleward heat transport?

a warm ocean current flowing from 10 degrees south latitude toward 70 degrees south latitude

which of these surfaces would likely have the lowest albedo?

blacktop parking lot

by what specific process does earth's surface transfer heat energy to the air?

conduction

generally speaking, maritime locations have __________ summers and __________ winters when compared to continental locations at the same latitude

cooler , warmer

assume the declination (latitude of the vertical ray) is 23.5 degrees south latitude. approximately what day is it?

december 21st

due to the rotation of the earth, solar noon seems to migrate across the globe during the day. which direction does it move?

east to west

due to the rotation of the earth, the "direct ray" or "vertical ray" of the sun seems to migrate across the globe during the day. which direction does it move?

east to west

T or F: summer occurs in the northern hemisphere because earth is passing closer to the sun than at any other time during the year

false

as a general rule, which locations have the lower average temperatures?

high latitudes

which set of conditions will provide the highest solar energy to a given location?

high sun angles and high hours of sunshine per day

according the the heat index, humans will perceive the air temperature to feel __________ than it actually is when the relative humidity is extremely __________

higher , high

which sphere includes the hard, rocky, mineral portion of earth?

lithosphere

generally speaking, cloudy skies during a 24 hour period (compared to clear skies) will result in?

low temperature ranges

on the december solstice sacramento is receiving __________ sun angles and _________ hours of sunshine per day than at any other time during the year

lower , lower

during warm periods, sea level rises due to __________ of glaciers and __________ of ocean water

melting , expansion

the equator is?

parallel of latitude

a physical geographer is LEAST likely to study?

politics

on approximately what two dates during the year is the declination 0 degrees latitude (the equator)?

september 21st and march 21st

the deepest parts of the ocean are consistently dark, cold, and quiet, experimenting very little changes over time. what type of equilibrium are they in?

steady state

a physical geographer is MOST likely to study?

the processes shaping landforms

if you travel directly north from the south pole, what happens?

your latitude will decrease