Geography 12

Name the three regions of Chile.

1) Atacama Desert 2) Central Valley 3) Archipelago

What large plain lies high in the Andes?

Altiplano

Name the three major South American river systems.

Amazon, Paraná, and Orinoco

What is the highest waterfall in the world?

Angel Falls

What dictator helped to bring prosperity to Chile?

Augusto Pinochet

What mineral products come from the Amazon Basin?

Bauxite, tin, iron ore

What nation has two capitals?

Bolivia

Compare and contrast Bolivia and Paraguay.

Both countries are landlocked, have a history of unrest, and lack mineral resources. Bolivia - 60% are full blooded Indians. Bolivia - has no major rivers. Paraguay - 90% are mixtures. Paraguay - has cities on the second largest river.

Why did the Spanish colonies break up after independence, but not the Portuguese colonies? What advantages has unity given Brazil?

Brazil broke away as one, they revolted under Don Pedro. The Spanish colonies that broke away indapendantly

Compare and contrast Brazil's settlement of the Amazon with the U.S. settlement of the West.

Brazil had to entice people to live there. You could move anywhere in the U.S.

Which countries of South America were not settled by the Spanish?

Brazil, Suriname, Guiana and French Guiana

Name the three plateau regions of South America.

Brazilian Highlands, Guiana Highlands, and Patagonia

What is the second-largest city in South America? Why is it so big?

Buenos Aries, It runs at the mouth of the Parana River

On which coast are most of Colombia's ports?

Caribbean Sea

What illegal drug first came from South America?

Cocaine

Brazil leads the world in production of what three products from the Brazilian Highlands?

Coffee, beef, iron ore

What are the key products of each Caribbean country?

Columbia - coffee, gold platinum, emeralds, cocaine; Venezuela - oil

How does Colombia's geography help to explain its problems with the drug trade?

Columbia is at the crossroads between the mountains sources of coca and ports on the Caribbean.

What is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the New World?

Cusco

P.304 What Andean nation lies on the equator?

Ecuador

Besides Spain and Portugal, what European nations had colonies in South America?

France, England, and Dutch

What is the only foreign-controlled region in South America?

French Guiana

Describe two unusual features of Lake Titicaca?

Highest lake in the world that's navigable and second largest lake in South America

What Indians built the biggest civilization in South America?

Incas

Who liberated Argentina and Chile from Spain?

Jose de San Martin

What lowland wilderness do the Caribbean countries share?

Llanos

Which records does the Amazon River hold: most volume, longest river, largest rainforest, or highest waterfall?

Most volume, largest rainforest

Match each area with the associated word

Pampas - gauchos Paraguay - Gran Chaco Patagonia - plateau

What is the most fertile grassland area in South America?

Pampas Grasslands

What piece of land joins North and South America?

Panama

P. 316 What country colonized Brazil?

Portugal

Why is much of South America's Pacific coast so dry?

Rain can't make it over the Andes mountains.

What is Brazil's largest city? Which city is its cultural center?

San Paulo, Rio

P.318 What word refers to steamy rain forest of the Amazon basin?

Selva

Why do you think Pizarro built a new capital on the coastal desert?*

So the only way to get to it would be by the mountains or by sea. (safe location)

Why are southern cities more prosperous than northeastern cities?

Soil is better, mild climate, and more industry

Why do some tropical areas have a rainy season and a dry season?

Summer winds bring rain where as Winter brings dryness

What nation has the lowest population density in South America?

Suriname

P.299 What word is used for the huge, block-shaped mountains that tower above the highlands of Guyana?

Tepuis

Why is Peru's coast a desert?

The mountains are a barrier. The Andes prevent moisture from reaching the coast. Weather goes from East to West.

How can Christian linguists influence and assist cultures with no formal written language?*

They can create an alphabet, help them with grammar, and can eventually translate the Bible.

Why do you think Chile has offered to help Bolivia by giving it access to the sea?

They could get money from the ability to trade with Bolivia

P.308 How has being landlocked hurt Bolivia?

Trade/Industry

P.312 What is an estuary?

Two bodies of freshwater and saltwater meeting

Why is the soil poor in the Amazon?

Water washing out the nutrients, and over weathering

Why is the wildlife so unusual on the tepuis?*

Wide variety of vegetation, and soils which provide food for various animals

What role did the Creoles play in the history of South America?

descended from Europe- born in America; no political power; became resistive and revolted; led to Bolivar's wars of liberation