Geography Africa
Which of the following is a major hindrance to social development in Sub-Saharan Africa, and leaves many countries ranking low on the United Nations' Human Development Index?
High levels of HIV/AIDS incidence
Sub-Saharan Africa is a region full of cultural contrasts from religion to language. Interactions between cultures have created new vibrant cultures, but have also led to clashes. Which of the following is an accurate example of cultural interactions that occur between religions in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Interactions between Muslims and Christians in Nigeria have led to certain ethnic groups identifying strictly with one religion or the other, whereas some ethnic groups will have adherents of both.
Why do sudden environmental changes seem to have more impact on the population of Sub-Saharan Africa than other regions?
Many people in Sub-Saharan Africa are directly reliant on the land
what informal economic activity is most associated with Somalia?
Piracy
Although Sub-Saharan Africa has many varied climate regions, one type of landform is found across the region. Which landform dominates the landscape of Sub-Saharan Africa?
Plateaus
which of the following scenarios describes the typical african family situation?
an extended family of parents, children, grandparents and aunts and uncles from one side of the family live in the same compound
What is an impact that deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa has on human populations?
decrease in wood supply used for household fuels
What physical geography constraints does agriculture face in much of Sub-Saharan Africa?
infertile soils
why have European languages persisted as official languages of business, government, and higher education in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa?
the artificial boundaries created by the colonization made most countries multicultural. selecting a single native language among numerous groups would create tensions.
What climate region dominates most of the central portion of Sub-Saharan Africa?
tropical
In many parts of the developing world, a large portion of the economy is "hidden" from official record. Known as the informal economy, transactions in this sector encompass both legal and illegal activities, but are not taxed or monitored by governments. Which of following is an example of an economic activity that would be part of the informal economy in Sub-Saharan Africa?
A man sells illegal drugs to tourists at a cruise ship port of call in Seychelles
the fair trade movement, which is growing in Sub-Saharan Africa, supports local producers in practicing environmentally and socially sustainable methods. Which of the following is an outcome of the fair trade movement in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Artisans are paid a reasonable wage for the crafts they produced.
Life for women and men in Sub-Saharan Africa can be very different. Feminization of poverty means that women are more likely to be malnourished, illiterate, and poor. Which of the following is an accurate description of the different male and female roles in Sub-Saharan Africa's economy?
At least half of the population working as subsistence agriculturalists are women whereas men maintain cash crop plots.
The European colonization of Africa left behind many legacies on the region's culture, politics, and economies. Some of these were positive, but many were negative and have persisted for generations. What is an example of a political legacy of European colonization in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Authoritarian and corrupt governments that violently repress dissenters
After independence, many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa were plagued by policies that enforced racial superiority of white minorities through a variety of oppressive measures against the black African majorities. In many countries, these measures were unwritten or de facto policies. In South Africa, however, oppressive policies against the black population were institutionalized into law and governance. Which of the following situations was likely to occur under the apartheid system in South Africa?
Blacks were resettled into homelands and forced to carry passes to access non-black areas.
In recent years, China has become a significant trading partner for sub-Saharan African countries. In some cases, the results have been positive; however in others, there have been serious negative outcomes. Which of the following is an outcome of increasing trade between China and countries in Africa?
Chinese trade with sub-saharan Africa is primarily in natural resources and raw materials to power manufacturing at home
World regions are often defined based on characteristics related to the physical landscape or the human traits of the area. Which of the following traits unifies the Sub-Saharan Africa region?
Common European Colonial experience
Which of the following will be an outcome of the high rate of growth in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2050?
Countries in the region will rank among the world's most populous countries.
which of the following agricultural industries was not a colonial creation?
Cut flower production in Kenya
Sub-Saharan African cultures incorporate numerous outside sources and have also influenced other cultures. Children in rural and remote villages play soccer, dreaming of being recruited to play in Europe. Afro-Caribbean and American Blues music is inspired by West African traditions. Traditional textile designs of Ghana have become a key part of African-American identity. What key theme in world regional geography do all of these examples embody?
Globalization
Based on the climate and vegetation of Sub-Saharan Africa, we can divide the region into three major biomes or bioregions. A biome is a region that includes a grouping of plant and animal species that have been adapted to the corresponding climate region that biome is found in. Which of the following characteristics would you most associate with the savanna biome?
Grazing animals such as giraffes and zebras
Which of the following is an example of globalization, where an element of western culture has been adopted, and adapted, as a part of African culture?
Hollywood movies
The Sahel is an ecological transition zone between the Sahara and the tropical rainforests to the south. A variety of forces are speeding its transition to become part of the Sahara, through a process called desertification. Which of the following is a situation that would contribute to the desertification of the Sahel?
Inappropriate use of irrigation technologies that leave behind salt in the soils
Climate change threatens all regions of Earth in one way or another, with some regions more at risk than others. Sub-Saharan Africa is a region that will be profoundly impacted by climate change due to its lack of resources and ability to adapt to change. Which of the following is likely to be an impact of climate change on Sub-Saharan Africa?
Increased dry periods will reduce agricultural yields across most of the region
Why is there a higher population density in West Africa?
It's due to the fertile soils in West Africa that support intensive agriculture and larger populations in permanent settlements.
Sub-Saharan Africa was the center of the ancient supercontinent we call Pangaea. Despite that fact, it is a fairly stable continent, with less tectonic events than more geologically active areas, such as the Pacific Ring of Fire. The region does, however, have numerous landforms with tectonic origins. Which of the following major landscape features of Sub-Saharan Africa was formed primarily by plate movements?
Lake Victoria
Prior to European colonization, Sub-Saharan Africa was a diverse region full of kingdoms and tribal civilizations. Colonization had numerous impacts on African society and settlement. Which of the following is an example of foreign influence on African settlement?
Liberia was established as a homeland for former slaves.
Africa is plagued by numerous pests, many of which are insects. Some insects are dangerous because they transmit diseases to humans and livestock. Other insects pose threats that go beyond the spread of disease. Which insect is responsible for the destruction of crops in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Locusts
Which of the following is a consequence of urban growth in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Migration of rural sub-Saharan Africans into cities is creating squatter settlements on the edges of cities.
Despite the unfortunate reality that many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and with few economic opportunities, there are signs of hope for economic advancement in the region. Which of the following strategies can help improve economies in sub-Saharan African countries in the future?
Mineral-rich countries, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zimbabwe, can develop processing industries to turn raw materials to finished products.
Women are often devalued in sub-Saharan African society, leading to lower rankings on the gender empowerment index. The status of women in the region is very difficult to measure for numerous reasons. What is true about the role of women in sub-Saharan African societies?
Most women's work is part of the informal sector of the economy, making women's positions vulnerable and undervalued.
Which description best captures the physical geography of central Africa, including most of the Democratic Republic of the Congo?
Much of the region is covered with dense tropical vegetation. Temperatures are uniformly hot year-round and afternoon downpours are predictable.
Many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa faced severe debt crises in the 1980s for a variety of reasons. Many found themselves facing massive debt burdens as a result of spending in the post-colonial period to modernize economies. There were numerous solutions to reduce debt and improve countries' economies. Although well intentioned, many of the debt-relief plans had disastrous outcomes. Which of the following debt-relief policies enacted in Sub-Saharan Africa had an immediate positive outcome in the region?
Outright debt cancellation by the more developed countries that form the Group of 8
A diaspora is a dispersion of people from their homeland, typically involuntarily. Which of the following is responsible for the existence of a diaspora of sub-Saharan Africans?
Slavery
In general, most of the soils of Sub-Saharan Africa are not very fertile. Numerous conditions can cause soil infertility in a region—for instance, the age of soils and the presence of soil additives, such as volcanic ash, organic matter from ancient swamps, or river sediment. Soil fertility is one of several conditions, including lack of water and extremes in temperatures, which can impact the ability of crops to grow. Which of the following helps explain the lack of soil fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Soils in the region are geologically ancient, so much of the nutrients have been washed out over time
The slave trade had numerous debilitating impacts on Sub-Saharan Africa's culture and economies. What is an authentic negative impact that the slave trade had on economies of sub-Saharan African countries that were a part of it?
Some regions were totally depopulated whereas inaccessible areas became refuges from European slave traders.
which of the following accurately describes the role of Sub-Saharan Africa in the global economy?
Sub-Saharan Africa remains an insignificant part of the global economy, accounting for less than 5% of all global trade.
relative to world population growth, what are population projections for Sub-Saharan Africa?
Sub-Saharan Africa's population will increase at a higher rate than world population
Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa find peace and political stability difficult to achieve for numerous reasons. The legacy of colonialism has been argued to be a significant contributor to the region's instability. What represents a situation in Sub-Saharan Africa where political stability was most likely improved?
The practice of apartheid ended in 1994 in South Africa when Nelson Mandela was elected president
Which of the following has the most significant impact on the climate of Sub-Saharan Africa?
The region's position over the equator
The variety of climate regions in Sub-Saharan Africa has led to a diversity of human adaptions. Which of the following examples represents an adaptation to the dry climates of the Sahel region?
The use of traditional water storage systems, such as cisterns
which of the following is a correct statement about religion in Sub-Saharan Africa?
conversion to Christianity greatly accelerated after European colonization
Many sub-Saharan African countries lack competitive manufacturing industries. For this reason, they are dependent on the export of agricultural and mineral products to generate wealth. This money is then used to pay for imports of other goods. Which of the following is an important export agricultural crop in Sub-Saharan Africa?
cotton
which of the following is true about language in Sub-Saharan Africa?
major indigenous languages, spoken by more than 10 million people include Hausa, Swahili and Zulu
Which of the following is true about Africa south of the Sahara?
many countries in the region are among the poorest in the world
Pastoralism is an important part of domestic agricultural economies in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. Which of the following is a correct statement about pastoralism in Sub-Saharan Africa?
pastoralists often trade animal products for the agricultural products from sedentary farmers.
there are numerous legacies of colonization in Sub-Saharan Africa that continue to plague the region and threaten political stability. which of these legacies of European colonization is the most difficult to overcome on the path to creating stable political systems?
politcal boundaries created by European powers
Which of the following has been the largest contributor to the spread of HIV and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa?
seasonal labor migration of men
Agriculture is an important part of the economy in this region, but the form it takes varies greatly. Which of the following is a true statement about agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa?
the majority of agriculture in areas with poor tropical soils uses a system of shifting cultivation that deposits nutrient-rich ash to fertilize fields.
