Geography Exam 3
Which regions are dominated by low hills covered by evergreen forest and the remaining land is paddy rice, sugarcane and hemp?
All of these
which of the following is threat to the great barrier reef?
All of these
Terracing
Allows agricultural yields amid torrential rainfall and steep slopes.
Yaks
Along with sheep and goats, the yak is a traditional source of livelihood in Tibet, supplying milk and wool as well as meat.
Mao Zedong
(1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
- 1982 treaty - countries with scattered islands can lay claim to immense areas of ocean - Can charge licensing fees (tuna fishing)
Australia and New Zealand: mining
- Australia: (multiple) - New Zealand: coal, gold
South Asia
- Emerging middle class
MIRAB economies
- migration, remittances, aid, and bureaucracy • Dependenceonforeigngoods/ aid • Remittances:moneysentback home from workers abroad
Angkor Thom
-Angkor Thom, which was constructed by the Khmer Empire just north of Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia. The temple design features symbols from the Hindu cosmos, including mountains, artificial lakes, and sculptures. -Today, Angkor Wat is a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) heritage site.
Kashmir
-Between China, India and Pakistan. -Pakistan controls the northwestern portion of what India claims as Kashmir, and China controls the northeastern corner
Aung San Suu Kyi
-Burmese -Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her work in bringing democratic reform to Burma, although she was placed under house arrest by the government in 1989
State Capitalist Economy
-China is cap-italist in the sense that privately owned manufacturing plants and businesses employ its millions of workers, but it is a planned economy as well, since state agencies and functionaries endorse, guide, and support certain sectors and markets.
Five-Year Plan
-China's planners were concerned only with increas-ing overall production. They paid little or no attention to whether a need for products existed, whether the products actually helped advance modernization, or whether local production targets were suited to the geography of the country. -It is estimated that between 20 and 30 million people died from star-vation and malnutrition-related diseases between 1959 and 1962
population density
-Densely populated -booming urbanization -rural to urban migration -Dheli, India 25 million (3rd largest city in the world) -Karachi, Pakistand: 23 million (in top 10 largest) -Thousands of middle sized towns -Rising middle class -competition for land at the edge of cities is intense -agricultural land prices rising dramatically
The two Koreas post WWII
-Divided: -In South Korea (the Republic of Korea), the government crafted a state-led development effort that carefully controlled imports, managed internal competi-tion between firms, and took out enormous international loans to invest heavily in private industrial development. Emphasis on import substitution. -South Korea's economy has been adversely affected by the recent growth of Chinese manufacturing.
Urbanization
-Fast growing region -India alone: 1.25 billion people: 1 in 5 people on earth live in India -Despite high population, South Asia is still a land of villages -India: 71% rural -Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka: 77% -Bhutan and Pakistand: 65/67% -Nepal: 82% rural
Bhopal
-In 1984, a toxic gas release at the Union Carbide chemical plant in Bhopal, India, killed thousands of local residents and left many thousands more permanently disabled. -
land of villages
-In 2011, approx-imately 65% of Pakistan's population and 71% of India's lived in rural settings; in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, the rural population is about 77%; the tiny state of Bhutan is 67% rural, with Nepal at 82%.
Climate/Climate change
-Monsoon- term originally applied only to the distinctive seasonal winds in the Indian ocean. -Now widely used to describe any windy, rainy season. -Less frequent but more intense tropical storm systems -sea level rise
Changing attitudes of women
-More women in China are in the work-force than perhaps ever before and women occupy positions of power in industry and government.
Great Artesian Basin
-Occupies a large part of the lowlands. -The basin holds the world's largest groundwater aquifer, a massive reservoir of underground water in porous rocks. - The basin is described as artesian because overlying rocks have placed pressure on the underground water so that when a well is drilled, the water rises rapidly to the surface and discharges as if from a pressurized tap.
Shinto
-Shinto is not a distinctive philosophy but, rather, a belief in the nature of sacred powers that can be recognized in every individual existing thing (FigurE 8.30). Shinto traditions can be thought of as the traditions of Japan itself. Seasonal festivals elicit wide-spread participation in present-day Japan, regardless of people's religious affiliation. These festivals usually entail ritual purifi-cation, the offering of food to sacred powers, sacred music and dance, solemn worship, and joyous celebration.
Climate/Climate Change
-Southeast Asia has a hot, wet climate and seasonal monsoon winds that bring heavy precipitation. The mainland is drier than the islands, with more seasonal rainfall. -Monsoons -rice -Swidden farming—the practice of clearing small forest areas for agriculture
Mekong river/commission
-The Mekong River is the longest waterway in the region, flowing from the highlands of Tibet to its delta in Vietnam and Cambodia. -The Mekong forms the main transportation and settlement corridor for Laos and Cambodia, while also serving as a key trade network between these two coun-tries and China, Burma, and Thailand
East Asia- Climate
-The northern regime is subhumid (slightly or moderately humid, with relatively low rainfall). Winters here are cold, while summers are warm, with moderate amounts of rain from the southeasterly monsoon winds. -The southern regime (like its counterpart, the southeastern United States) is humid and sub-tropical. Winters here are mild and rainy, and summers are hot with heavy monsoonal rains. -In the arid and subhumid regions of East Asia, drought is a critical natural hazard, causing widespread famine as a result of crop failures in drought years.
New Zealand greenhouse gas emissions
-The warming of Earth as a result of increasing greenhouse gases is causing sea-level rise as warmer ocean water expands and ice sheets melt. If emissions continue, sea levels may rise more than a meter (3 feet) by 2100.
Japan's economy post WWII
-Though World War II left Japan in ruins, incredibly, within 5 years, the Japanese econ-omy recovered to its prewar levels of output. -By 1980, Japan had outstripped the major industrial core countries in the production of automobiles and television sets, and had become an economic giant. -due to exceptionally high levels of personal sav-ings, rapid acquisition of new technology, and extensive levels of government support for industry.
Nepal
-Tourism rules Nepal -Nepal earned $420 million from trekking.
Asian Brown Cloud
-a blanket of air pollution 3 kilometers (nearly 2 miles) thick. The cloud hovers over a vast area stretching from the Arabian Penin-sula across India, Southeast Asia, and China almost to Korea, as well as most of the tropical Indian Ocean. -cloud consists of sulfates, nitrates, organic substances, black carbon, and f l y ash . Pa r t i cu - late pollution from Asia can even drift across the Pacific and impact places as far away as North America
Korean DMZ
-a no-man's-land located between North and South Korea and established at the end of hostili-ties between the two powers in the 1950s. -uninhabited by humans and has been heavily strewn with land mines. As a result, wildlife has come to thrive in the long corridor between the two states, including the Amur leopard and the Asiatic black bear. -At the same time, however, the DMZ has become a dumping ground for military-related hazards and waste.
Hong Kong protests
-a series of protests triggered by the introduction of the Fugitive Offenders amendment bill by the Hong Kong government.
Sherpas
-earn up to $5,000 a year, far higher than the average annual earnings of $700 in Nepal. -The Sherpa economy depends on serving foreign trekkers, all of whom pay for guiding, and many of whom are dangerously inexperienced
Subsistance influence
-has been used to describe Pacific Island societies -In these societies, monetary incomes may be low, but local resources such as coconut and fish provide a rea-sonable diet, and extended family and reciprocal support pre-vent serious deprivation.
climate change
-it probably will mean decreases in catch in the Pacific fisheries on which most countries in the region heavily depend. -It may also do serious damage to the delta ecosystems along the coasts of China and Japan. - -Equally serious is the threat of melting glaciers in the mountain areas of the interior that feed the headwaters for some of China's major rivers.
Energy and mineral resources
-sandstone and marble -iron ore, gold, copper, mica -oil, coal, bauxite
Monsoon
-seasonal torrents of rain on which the livelihoods of South Asia depend -pro-pelled by the annual heating and cooling of the landmass of Cen-tral Asia to the north and the constant feeding of moisture from the Indian Ocean to the south.
tube wells
-sunk deep with cement lining -unicef initiative in 1970s -water not tested -77 m people in Bangladesh are exposed to toxic levels or arsenic.
The Ivory Trade
-the price of elephant ivory in China in 2014 was $2,100 per kilogram, up from $750 per kilo in 2010.
How many films does Bollywood release annually?
1,000
Ho Chi Minh
1950s and 60s; communist leader of North Vietnam; used geurilla warfare to fight anti-comunist, American-funded attacks under the Truman Doctrine; brilliant strategy drew out war and made it unwinnable
What parallel was agreed to as the border between North Korea and South Korea?
38th parallel
where does Australia rank in world wine exports?
4th
After World War II, approximately how long did it take for Japan to return to its prewar economic levels of output?
5 years
What percent of women hold senior management positions in China?
51%
When the British began their conquest of India in the early 18th century, South Asia was still ________ forested.
60%
Khmer Rouge
A group of Communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975. -overcame the U.S.-backed military government in Cambodia.
Pacific Garbage Patch
A lot of the plastic is carried by ocean currents into "gyres" where cur-rents circulate and trap waste creating vast mats of floating trash such as the Pacific Garbage Patch
Biomass fuel
A majority of households in South Asia continue to burn raw biomass—wood and dung—for cooking.
What is Hindutva?
All of these
What nation-states control territory in Kashmir?
All of these
Which country remains in the Intertropical Convergence Zone year round and thus experiences constant tropical conditions?
All of these
coral bleaching
A phenomenon in which algae inside corals die, causing the corals to turn white.
One Child Policy
A program established by the Chinese government in 1979 to slow population growth in China. -Successful -led to social stresses, specifically an imbalance in the population of girls and boys. -abandonment of girl children and even infanticide.
Vietnam War
A prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States.
Angkor Wat
A temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu. -The 9th-century Khmer kingdom near Tonle Sap Lake later built the magnificent 12th-century temple compound
Domino Theory
A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control. -which held that the communist takeover of South Vietnam would lead to the spread of communism, the United States sent military advisors to South Viet-nam in 1955.
didgeridoo
A traditional musical instrument used by the Aborigines for religious/ceremonial/spiritual purposes.
This country is believed to be the largest illicit opium producer in the world
Afghanistan
When did the British set about withdrawing from South Asia altogether
After world war 2
Which of the following was formerly a British colony?
All of these
Silk Road
An ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi) and linking China with the Roman Empire. Marco Polo followed the route on his journey to Cathay. -The political and economic stability created by successive Chinese empires fostered a trade corridor connecting the region to North Africa and Europe and the rise of thriving trade cities along its length. -made East Asia the effective center of gravity for the global economy for centu-ries, a role the region is reestablishing in the present era.
Tree cover created or retained by human beings is called a(n) ________ forest.
Anthropogenic
The well water drawn from Indian tube wells was found to have been contaminated with:
Arsenic
The Great Artesian basi, the worlds largest groundwater aquifer, is found in which country?
Australia
What country in Oceana overruled the doctrine of terra nulls
Australia
Thailand
Bangkok
Buddhism is the main religious practice in:
Bhutan
What country originated the concept of "gross national happiness"?
Bhutan
Jakah
Blowpipe darts are shaped, from amongst others, the mature fronds of uvut (Arenga utilis) and jakah (Arenga undulatifolia).
Opium Trade
British colonizers forced the opium trade (based on opium grown in India for export by the East India Company) on China in the 19th century. The so-called Opium Wars (1839-1842) ended with defeat for the Chinese and the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing, after which, the opium trade to China expanded enormously; the British profited from Chinese opium addiction (Figure 8.3.1).
Bruno Manser
Bruno Manser was a Swiss environmental activist. From 1984 to 1990, he stayed with the Penan tribe in Sarawak, Malaysia, organising several blockades against timber companies
Bangkok
Capital of Thailand
What country is the fastest-growing emitter of greenhouse gases in the world?
China
Wild orangutans of Borneo
Conservationists believe that one of the largest populations of wild orangutans on Borneo will reach extinction unless drastic measures are taken to stop the expansion of palm oil plantations.
Kim Jong Un
Current leader of North Korea, an enigmatic figure and the world's youngest head of state (he was born in 1983).
Interior Plateau
East Asias Interior Plateaus are the sources of the lengthy river systems.
The Himalayas were formed by geological uplift from the Indian Plate moving into the:
Eurasian Plate
One of the most serious ecological disasters in Australia was the introduction of the ______ to Australia in 1859
European rabbit
What country was suspended from the pacific islands forum for failing to hold democratic elections?
Fiji
Blackbirding
From the 1840s to 1904, people from the Pacific were kidnapped and enslaved in a process called blackbirding that brought thousands of laborers, collectively called kanakas (because many of them were of Kanak origin from the islands now known as Vanuatu), to Australian cotton and sugar plantations.
What desert dominates the topography of Mongolia?
Gobi
What European power forced the opium trade on China and profited from Chinese opium addiction?
Great Britain
The ________ is the dominant ethnic group in China.
Han
All of the following is true about Tibet and China, except:
Han Chinese are second class citizens in the region
Dalai Lama
In 1959, the Tibetans rose in an attempted revolt, and their spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, fled into exile. -Buddhist leader
Tragedy of the commons
In which an open-access common resource is overexploited by individuals who do not recognize how their own use of the resource can add to that of many others to degrade the environment—for example, overfishing a given species to the point of extinction.
This country has the second fastest growing economy in the world.
India
India & Pakistan border
India regards it as the international border. Working boundary: The line between Punjab Province of Pakistan along Sialkot and Indian controlled Kashmir. It is called a working boundary because on one side is an internationally recognised land (Sialkot) while on the other is a disputed territory.
The veterinary drug diclofenac is responsible for the death of this endangered species in South Asia.
Indian vulture
What is the system of social distinction in India reinforced by language, region and occupation?
Jati
Dalits
Members of India's "lowest" caste; literally, "broken people." Also called "Untouchables."
Terra Nullius
Land belonging to no one -empty land
"Maid Trade"
Large movements of female workers from poorer to the richer countries of Asia and the Middle East.
Pol Pot
Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970's -suspended formal education, emp-tied cities, attacked the rich and educated, and isolated his coun-try from the world.
Marshall Islands
Majuro
Japanese print cartoon books are called:
Manga
Kratom
Mitragyna speciosa is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family native to Southeast Asia. It is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea, where it has been used in traditional medicines since at least the nineteenth century.
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Multinational organization that cooperates economically by lowering trade barriers, such as, tariffs, to encourage commerce between member nations.
Pakistan was established as a:
Muslim country
Which of the following is India's lingua franca?
NOT Hindi
what is a major source of new Zealand's greenhouse gas emission
NOT carbon dioxide from fossil fuels
This industry is the largest in Nepal, employing approximately 20 percent of the population.
NOT computer chip manufacturing
What Indigenous group in China has a unique folk culture that is being developed by the government for tourism?
Naxi
Where are 20% of all living languages spoken?
New Guinea
This country takes a strong stand against nuclear proliferation, and has banned all nuclear-powered and nuclear-armed vessels from its harbors.
New Zealand
What country straddles a tectonic plate boundary and has active earthquakes in the north?
New Zealand
Who are the All Blacks?
New Zealand rugby team
Fukushima Power Plant
Nuclear power plant that had a meltdown caused by the Tohoku Earthquake (↑ powerful earthquake to hit Japan) and Tsunami in 2011
Three Gorges Dam
One of the world's largest-ever engineering projects, the dam is located in central China where the Chang Jiang narrows to form the Xiling, Wu, and Qutang Gorges. -Built to control floods -The dam's 32 massive generators were switched on in 2012; the dam provides almost 10% of China's energy out-put, bringing electric power to millions of rural households.
Buddhism
Originated in South Asia, although it is currently fol-lowed by only about 2% of the region's population (see Chapter 8). Buddhism is the predominant religion in Bhutan and Sri Lanka, and an enclave of Buddhism is found in Ladakh, the section of Kashmir closest to China. Buddhists trace their faith to Prince Siddhartha, a religious leader who lived in northern India prior to the 6th century b.c.e. and who came to be known as Buddha (the Enlightened One). Buddhism stresses nonviolence, moderation, and the cessation of suffering.
blowpipes
Penan men hunt wild boar (babui), barking deer and other small animals, such as squirrels and lizards. These are killed with blowpipes (keleput) made from hardwood and darts laced with tajem, a poison extracted from the milky latex of a tree, which interferes with the functioning of the heart.
What is the new system of spelling Chinese words and names using the Latin alphabet of 26 letters called?
Pinyin system
What are the dry interior drainage basins often called?
Playas
new Zealand's original human population probably arrived from
Polynesia
Which dynasty provided stability for the Silk Road to link China to Central Asia, India, Rome and Byzantium?
Qin
Sarawak
Sarawak, a Malaysian state on Borneo, stretches along the island's northwest coast, including many beaches on the South China Sea.
Climate refugees in Bangladesh
Should sea-level rise by 1.5 meters (5 feet) in the next century, as many as 22,000 square kilometers (8,494 square miles) could be lost to the sea in Bangladesh and seasonal storms in the Bay of Bengal will become all the more serious.
Castle Bravo
The biggest U.S. Bomb, ever detonated.
Pacific Islands: numbers and extent
Smalll and area in total but vast extent • ~20,000 islands • Over 1/3 of the Earth's surface
Battle for the Elephants
Some investors in China collect and hoard ivory, most nota-bly, investing in the possibility that elephants will go extinct in the wild, making their collection even more valuable. According to the wildlife organi-zation, Save the Elephants, the price of elephant ivory in China in 2014 was $2,100 per kilogram, up from $750 per kilo in 2010. Such collectors are therefore literally banking on extinction.
Singapore
Southeast Asia
From 1979 to 1989, what foreign power had troops on the ground in Afghanistan?
Soviet Union
Special Administrative Regions
Special free trade zones were opened and the historically capitalist, colonial cities of Macao and Hong Kong, though brought under the official authority of China in 1999 and 1997 respectively, maintain relative economic and political autonomy under law
What geopolitical entity lost its diplomatic status when U.S. President Nixon began talks with China in 1971?
Taiwan
keiretsu
The Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), a state bureaucracy, guided and coordinated Japanese corporations organized in business networks known as keiretsu, making "Japan, Inc." the envy of global capitalism
Atolls
The Pacific Islands are often clas-sified into the "high" islands and the "low" coral islands (called atolls).
The South China Sea, the East China Sea, and the Yellow Sea are part of what water body?
The Pacific Ocean
Plate tectonics
The Pacific Plate, which moves west at a rate of 8 to 9 centimeters (3.1 to 3.5 inches) per year, is subducting under the Eurasian Plate (see Chapter 1, p. 2). This violent process leads to the periodic release of massive amounts of energy. -The multiple resulting waves over-whelmed the heavily populated shore of the country, causing widespread devastation, and contributed to the meltdown at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant complex
Afghanistan
The United States responded to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, by declaring a global war against terrorism and identifying first Afghanistan and then Iraq as the greatest threats to U.S. secu-rity.
Golden Triangle
The area where the borders of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar meet at the confluence of the Ruak and Mekong rivers.
Ring of Fire
The boundary region is therefore part of the tectonically active so-called Ring of Fire, a circle of volcanoes and earthquake zones that surrounds the Pacific Plate, stretching from Southeast Asia through the Philippines, north across Japan and Kamchatka and then down the Pacific coast of North America
Yurt
The classic dwelling of Mongolian people is still used today. This structure is adapted to life on the arid steppe, where it can be broken down and transported by horseback across the semiarid and grassy plains of interior East Asia.
Gobi
The desert to the north of China
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
The latitude that receives the most intense sunlight, which causes the ascending branches of the two Hadley cells to converge
Underwater cabinet meeting
The leaders of the Maldives held an underwater cabinet meeting in 2009 to draw attention to the very real threat of sea-level rise for island nations resulting from climate change
Ozone depletion
The loss of the protective layer of ozone gas—can result in higher levels of ultraviolet radiation and associated health and ecosystem risks.
Kim Il Sung
The nation's first leader, Kim Il Sung, governed the country accord-ing to a philosophy called juche: a mixture of centrally planned economics, self-reliant nationalism, and the cult of the national leader.
Biofuels
The newest energy sources to be developed in Southeast Asia are biofuels, especially palm oil, which can be converted into biodiesel. Indonesia and Malaysia accounted for over 80% of world crude palm oil production in 2015, and Thailand is increasing its production as the world's third-largest pro-ducer.
The Dalai Lama is the spiritual leader of:
Tibetan Buddhism
Which of the following Outer China regions is a geological massif and has the youngest, highest plateau in the world?
Tibetan Plateau
massif
Tibetan Plateau is what geologists call a massif (a mountainous block of Earth's crust)
Tok pisin
To compensate for Papua New Guinea's 820 distinct living languages, a widespread trade language (or lingua franca) called Tok Pisin is used, that combines local and English words
population density
Too many people, very high densities -population densities throughout Inner China and in Japan, North and South Korea, and Taiwan are very high: between 200 and 500 per square kilometer (518 to 1,295 per square mile) on average.
What document delineates the relationship and land rights between the British crown and Maori people?
Treaty of Waitangi
What ethnic group in China practices Islam and has faced opposition from the government?
Uyghur
Tropical Cyclones and Typhoons
Warm ocean temperatures from August to October com-bine with trade winds to produce large storms often called as typhoons in Pacific Asia and cyclones in the Indian Ocean.
What is a traditional livelihood source in Tibet?
Yaks
Great Barrier Reef
a 1,250-mile chain of more than 2,500 reefs and islands along Australia's northeast coast, containing some 400 species of coral -• Endangered ecosystem
Animism
a belief system that focuses on the souls and spir-its of nonhuman objects in the natural world
Dreamtime
a concept that joins past and future, people and places, in a continuity that ensures respect for the natural world.
Juche
a mixture of centrally planned economics, self-reliant nationalism, and the cult of the national leader. From its inception, North Korea's dynastic leadership has retained tight relations with China and a posture of continued hostility toward South Korea.
Mongolia
a nation bordered by China and Russia, is known for vast, rugged expanses and nomadic culture. Its capital, Ulaanbaatar, centers around Chinggis Khaan (Genghis Khan) Square, named for the notorious founder of the 13th- and 14th-century Mongol Empire.
Archipelagoes
a series of islands that are co-located within a large body of water. -Indonesia has more than 13,600 islands (only half of them inhabited), and the Philippines is made up of more than 7,000 islands.
paddy farming
a system of farming in which terraces are cut into steep hillsides to provide level surfaces for water control; the construction of dikes (ridges) allows fields to be flooded, plowed, planted, and drained before harvest
Killing Fields
a term that powerfully describes the farmlands that were turned into mass grave sites for the millions of people murdered by the regime
Monsoon
a wind system that reverses directions periodically and produces seasonal rain patterns throughout the region.
Mahatma Gandhi
advanced a vision of social justice and independence. Gandhi and his followers emphasized methods of nonviolent protest, includ-ing boycotts and fasting. Under Gandhi's leader-ship, the case for national independence became irrefutable.
Transhumance
an animal herding migration scheme that allows members of families to be away many months of the year tending animals
Green Revolution
an international effort to introduce and encourage the cultivation of new varieties of crops, which produce far more food but also require higher levels of industrial inputs including fertilizer, water, and pesticides.
Palm oil
an oil that is used in cooking
Penan
are a nomadic indigenous people living in Sarawak and Brunei, although there is only one small community in Brunei; among those in Brunei half have been converted to Islam, even if only superficially. Penan are one of the last such peoples remaining as hunters and gatherers.
Which of the following cities is the premier science and technology center of India?
bangladore
Taj Mahal
beautiful mausoleum at Agra built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife
What type of warfare was North Korea suspected of engaging in 2014
cyber
what is the aboriginal worldview that links people to ancestors and the past to the presents
dreamtime
what is copra?
dried coconut meat
The belief that the physical attributes of places can be analyzed and manipulated to improve the flow of cosmic energy that binds all living things is called:
feng shui
Indian National Congress Party
formed in 1887 to promote greater democracy and freedom. A leader and the inspi-rational figure of this movement was Mohandas Gandhi, who advanced a vision of social justice and independence.
mangrove forests
groups of evergreen trees that form dense, tangled thickets in marshes and along muddy tidal shores—are found along coastlines. Mangrove forests, with their deep, strong root structures, serve a vital function, protecting areas from erosion while providing habitat for myriad animal species.
Japanese whalers hunt whales despite the global ban, based on what argument?
harvest is "research"
partition
some independence leaders sought to follow the European model of building national states on the foundations of ethnicity, with a particular emphasis on language and religion. (division)
What is the geologic origin of the Deccan Plateau?
immense lava flows
Kleptocracy
in which leaders divert national resources for their personal gain
Stilt Fishers
is a method of fishing unique to the island country of Sri Lanka, located off the coast of India in the Indian Ocean. The fishermen sit on a cross bar called a petta tied to a vertical pole and driven into the sand a few meters offshore
Monotremes
lay eggs, then nurture the young with milk from the mother
what is an atoll?
low, coral island
what does the antarctic treaty ban?
mineral and oil exploration and nuclear testing
What resource base of Mongolia has been recently exploited?
minerals
which type of mammal lays eggs?
monotremes
Kashmir has a predominately ________ population.
muslim
What forms the pacific garbage patch?
plastic waste carried into gyres
Uyghurs
predominate in west-ernmost China (and in many post-Soviet central Asian states), have faced suppression from the PRC. Starting in 2009, violence broke out between Uyghurs, ethnic Han people, and state police in the city of Ürümqi in far western China. The Chinese state looks upon Uyghur activism as hostile to the interests of the PRC and has branded some Uyghurs as terrorists. Uyghurs cite ongoing eco-nomic marginalization and restrictions on the practice of Islam, a product of both ethnic marginalization and the history of religious repression leftover from the Cultural Revolution.
Marsupials
premature offspring that feed in a pouch
Cancer Villages
settlements with disproportionately high rates of cancer, typically adjacent to sites of industrial production and power generation.
what concept describes a lifestyle of low income, adequate diet, reciprocal support and education?
subsistence affluence
Montreal Protocol
the 1987 international treaty established to reduce chemical emissions that damage the ozone layer—has succeeded in pre-venting further ozone depletion through banning some of the polluting chemicals.
Paddy rice farming
the cultivation of rice on a paddy, or small flooded field enclosed by mud dikes, practiced in the humid areas of the Far East.
Sikhism
the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam
Intercropping
the mixing of different crop species that have varying degrees of productivity and drought tolerance.
Whaling
the practice or industry of hunting and killing whales for their oil, meat, or whalebone. -Japanese Whalers in the Southern Pacific Dead minke whales aboard the deck of the Nisshin Maru factory ship. The whaling fleet of Japan, though described as being for "research" purposes only, operates at industrial scale.
This a pidgin language spoken in New Guinea
tok pisin
Dalits of India are also referred to as:
untouchables
Tajem
used to make poison
Tsunamis
very large ocean waves that can cause great destruction along coastlines.
Two-thirds of Australia is occupied by this mass of old shield rocks
western plateau
Water salesmen
who draw off the public water supplies to sell to water-starved local neighborhoods.
which conflict solidified the link between Australia and the u.s.?
world war 2
Feng Shui
—not a religion, but a belief that the physical attributes of places can be analyzed and manipulated to improve the flow of cosmic energy, or qi (pronounced "chi"), that binds all living things. Feng shui today involves strate-gies of siting, landscaping, architectural design, and furniture placement to direct energy flows.
Aborigines
—the indigenous peoples who have lived in Australia for thousands of years
Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS)
• Establishedin1990 • Internationalrelations • Focusonclimatechange negotiations • 16 members from Oceania• Small islands produce relatively little greenhouse gases • Butarevery vulnerable to climate change (sea level rise) • Countries have a more powerful voice joined together
Antarctic Treaty
• Scientific research only there! • Bans on nuclear testing and disposal of radioactive waste • 50 year ban on mineral/oil exploration there in 1991