GI test
A client newly diagnosed with a gastric ulcer has been prescribed sucralfate. The nurse explains that this medication will have which of the following beneficial effects for the client? A: It will help relieve nausea and vomiting B: It will reduce GI spasms C: It will protect the eroded ulcer surface from stomach acid D: It will act as an anticholinergic
C
What is the action of antacids? A: dry up gastric secretions B: block histamine receptors C: shorten staying time in stomach D: neutralize gastric acid
D
What type of stool can the nurse expect from a client who has a colostomy of the lower descending colon? A: Liquid B: Bloody C: Tarry D: Formed
D
What would the nurse consider to be appropriate teaching for a client who is experiencing gastroesophageal reflux disease ? A; Lay down on your right side after eating B: Do not drink fluids with meals C: Take an antacid after eating D: Avoid eating within 1 - 2 hours of bedtime
D
The nurse is caring for a client that is experiencing appendicitis. When preparing the client for surgery, the nurse should anticipate which of the following interventions? (Select all that apply) A: encourage semi-Fowler's position B: verify informed consent is given D: administer enema E: maintain NPO status D: apply heat to the abdomen
ANSWER: A,B,D
A client presents on admission with pressure ulcers extending into the bone. The nurse documents this ulcer at what stage? A: Stage I B: Stage IV C: Stage III D: Stage II
B
A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client with acute gastritis. Which of the following medications, if noted on the client's record, would the nurse question? A: digoxin B: furosemide C: propranolol D: ibuprofen
D
A client with peptic ulcer disease needs dietary modification to reduce episodes of epigastric pain. The nurse would teach the client that which of the following items does not need to be limited or eliminated with this disease? A: Baked chicken B: Wine C: Tobacco D: Coffee
A
A nasogastric tube is ordered for an alert adult client. In addition to the tube and basin, what is essential for the nurse to have at the bedside during the procedure? A; a glass filled with water and a straw B: a 5 mL syringe C: a large clamp D: a container of sterile water
A
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about pernicious anemia with a client who has chronic gastritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A: Expect a monthly injection of vitamin B12 B: Pernicious anemia is caused when the cells producing gastric acid are damaged C: Plan to take vitamin K supplements D: Pernicious anemia is caused by an increased production of intrinsic factor
A
The LPN is participating in the care of a patient complaining of nausea, right lower abdominal pain, and a fever of 101 degrees F. Which of the following diagnostic procedures would the nurse expect to be the determining factor for a diagnosis of appendicitis? A: blood draw for WBC B: an abdominal X-ray C: administration of a soap-suds enema D: deep palpation of the right abdominal quadrant
A
A 2-year-old who weighs 33 pounds is to receive a total daily dose of 25mg/kg of a medication. It is to be administered in three evenly divided doses. The label reads 150 mg/mL. How many milliliters with be administered per dose? A: 0.83 mL B: 3.75 mL C: 0.5 mL D: 155 mL
A
A client with diverticular disease undergoes a colonoscopy. When conducting an abdominal examination, the nurse looks for which of the following as a sign of possible complication of the procedure? A: Abdominal pain, guarding and rebound tenderness B: Nausea and vomiting C: Diarrhea and flatus D: Redness and warmth of the abdominal skin
A
The client with a duodenal ulcer asks the nurse why an antibiotic is part of the treatment regimen. Which information should the nurse include in the response? A: Many duodenal ulcers are caused by the , Helicobacter pylori, organism B: Antibiotics decrease the likelihood of infection C: Antibiotics are used in an attempt to sterilize the stomach D: Many people have Clostridium difficile, which can lead to ulcer formation
A
The emergency room staff is caring for a patient with an acute inflammatory intestinal disorder who is being observed to rule out appendicitis. The nurse recognizes that which of the following interventions is contraindicated? A: Apply heat to the abdomen B: Bedrest C: Measure intake and output D: NPO until nausea subsides
A
The nurse explains to the patient that omeprazole and esomeprazole are examples of this classification of drugs. A; proton-pump inhibitors B: mucosal barriers C: histamine blockers D: carminatives
A
The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of an intestinal obstruction. A nasogastric tube to low wall suction is in place, and an IV is infusing at 125 ml/hour. What will the nurse include in the initial care of this client? A: Monitor the abdomen for gastric decompression B: Offer a clear liquid diet to decrease production of stool C: Administer a soapsuds enema to evacuate the bowel D: Ambulate in hallway tid to increase peristalsis
A
The nurse is caring for a client who has returned from gastric resection surgery with an indwelling nasogastric tube. What is the appropriate nursing intervention for this client? A: Keep the nostrils clean and lubricated B: Administer warm saline throat irrigations C: Untape the tube periodically D: Eliminate mouth care to prevent dislodgement of the tube
A
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a gastric ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A: Client reports a sensation of bloating B:Client experiences pain upon palpation of the epigastric region C:Client states that pain occurs before meals D:Client states pain is worse when lying supine E:Client reports weight gain
A,B,C
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has suspected stomach perforation due to a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply) A: Localized tenderness with palpation B: Rigid abdomen C: Tachycardia D: Circumoral cyanosis E: Elevated blood pressure
A,B,C
A nurse is performing health screenings of clients at a health fair and explains that which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply) A: Menopausal age B: Prolonged steroid use C: Fractured hip D: Sedentary lifestyle E: History of osteoarthritis F: Hormone replacement therapy
A,B,D
A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube following surgery for a bowel obstruction. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply) A: Repositioning every 2 hr B: Documenting the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage C: Maintaining bedrest for 48 hour following surgery D: Irrigating the nasogastric tube four times per day E: Encouraging hourly use of an incentive spirometer or deep breathing exercises while awake
A,B,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse should anticipate prescriptions for which of the following medications? (Select all that apply.) A: Histamine 2 receptor blockers B: Opioid analgesics C: Antacids D: Proton pump inhibitors E: Fiber laxatives
A,C,D
An adult is being treated for a peptic ulcer. The nurse understands that the physician has prescribed cimetidine for which reason? A: it increases the sensitivity of the H2 receptors B: it blocks the secretion of gastric hydrochloric acid C: it neutralizes the acid in the stomach and duodenum D: it coats the gastric mucosa with a protective membrane
B
A client is admitted to the hospital with a gnawing pain in the mid-epigastric area and black stools for the past week. A diagnosis of chronic duodenal ulcer is made. During the initial nursing assessment, the client makes all of the following statements. Which is most likely related to his admitting diagnosis? A: "My mother and grandmother have diabetes" B: "I take ibuprofen several times a day for tension headaches" C: "I take multivitamin and iron tablets every day" E: "I am a vegetarian"
B
A client presents to the emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and is in moderate distress. Which nursing action would be the priority for this client? A: Insertion of nasogastric tube and hematest the emesis B: Determination of vital signs C: Thorough investigation of the precipitating events D: Complete abdominal physical examination
B
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease has just undergone esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Which of the following client data is the nurse's highest priority for continued monitoring? A; Client c/o heartburn B: Inability to swallow saliva C: Client c/o sore throat D; Oral temperature of 99.4 F
B
A client with hiatal hernia chronically experiences heartburn following meals. The nurse would teach the client to avoid which of the following? Eating small, frequent, bland meals Lying recumbent following meals Taking a histamine receptor antagonist as prescribed Raising the head of the bed on 6-inch blocks
B
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client with a newly placed transverse colostomy. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A: Expect large amounts of watery green liquid stool B: Stoma should be moist and pink C: Expect small amounts of semi-liquid stool D: Change the ostomy appliance every day
B
A patient is admitted with diarrhea and dehydration. The physician has ordered several diagnostic studies of the patient's stools. What should the nurse do when obtaining a stool specimen to be examined for ova and parasites? A: refrigerate the specimen immediately. B: transport the specimen to the laboratory promptly. C: check the specimen for the presence of occult blood. D: use an oil retention enema to facilitate collection.
B
A patient with diverticulitis has been admitted to the medical unit. The nurse will most likely document which of the following in the charting? A; Pain in the upper right quadrant B: Pain in the left lower quadrant C: Progressive weight loss D: A high fever
B
An ileostomy was performed on a patient for the treatment of debilitating ulcerative colitis disease. Which is a problem the nurse should watch for in patients after this surgery? A: constipation. B: peristomal skin breakdown C: the collecting appliance being bulky and large. D: sexual activity restriction.
B
Dietary modifications have not been successful in preventing constipation in an older client. What over-the-counter preparations would the nurse recommend to assist the client in the prevention of constipation? A: Administer a tap water enema every other day B: Take a bulk forming laxative with a full glass of water every morning C: Increase intake of raw fruits and vegetables D: Use laxatives that stimulate peristalsis and promote daily bowel movements
B
Docusate sodium is ordered for an adult who had a myocardial infarction yesterday. The client asks the nurse why docusate sodium is prescribed. The nurse's response should include which information? A: docusate sodium helps lower cholesterol levels B: docusate sodium reduces straining to have a bowel movement C: docusate sodium is prescribed to make it take longer for blood to clot D: docusate sodium makes it easier for the client to relax and reduce stress
B
The nurse assesses bowel sounds for all patients. This assessment is especially important for a postoperative patient who has had abdominal surgery. The purpose of the assessment is to determine which of the following? A: presence of eructation. B: return of peristalsis. C: need for a cathartic. D: presence of singultus.
B
The nurse is assessing a client who is 4-days postoperative for an exploratory surgery secondary to a ruptured appendix. What assessment finding would suggest the client is developing peritonitis? A: Purulent drainage from the surgical wound; nausea and vomiting after clear liquid intake B: Temperature increase to 102 degrees F; client has a rigid abdomen and decreased or absent bowel sounds C: Absent bowel sounds, decreased white blood cell count, low-grade fever, anorexia D: Abdominal pain at the area of the incision; pain increases with coughing and sneezing
B
The nurse is caring for a client who has developed a stage-III pressure injury due to prolonged immobility. The nurse understands that even though the client has been turned and repositioned every 2 hours per protocol since hospitalization, pressure injury may develop from which of the following? A: inadequate vitamin D intake B: inadequate protein intake C: inadequate massage of the affected area D: low calcium and potassium levels
B
The nurse is caring for a client with a stage-II pressure injury to the left heel. It is most appropriate for the nurse to consult which of the following disciplines in the care of this client? A; occupational therapy and infectious disease B: nutritional support and wound care C: physical and respiratory therapy D: plastic surgery and cardiology
B
The nurse is caring for several clients who are to have diagnostic tests. Which clients will receive similar instructions? A: the client who is having a gallbladder sonogram and the client who is having a gallbladder X-ray B: the client who is having a barium enema and the client who is having a colonoscopy C: the client who is having a gastroscopy and the client who is having a colonoscopy D: the client who is having an upper GI series and the client who is having a lower GI series
B
The nurse is evaluating a client with a diagnosis of acute inflammatory bowel disease. What finding would be of most concern? A: Complaints of nausea and vomiting and abdominal tenderness B: Dark, concentrated urine; weight loss of 3 pounds in 24 hours C: Presence of bright red mucus strands in stool D: Distended abdomen with hyperactive bowel sounds
B
During client education, which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce to manage symptoms of GERD? (Select all that apply) A: keep a food diary to see what foods trigger symptoms B: chew foods thoroughly C: avoid fatty foods D: eat small frequent meals E: eat a snack every evening
B,C,D
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a small bowel obstruction and a nasogastric tube in place. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend for the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A: Irrigate the NG tube every 8 hours B: Document the NG drainage with the client's output C: Monitor NG tube for placement D: Check bowel sounds E: Provide oral hygiene every 2 hours
B,C,D,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking a glucocorticoid as an adjuvant for pain control. The nurse should plan to perform which of the following interventions? Select all that apply A: Monitor for urinary retention B: Monitor for gastric bleeding C: Monitor serum potassium D; Monitor for respiratory depression E; Monitor serum glucose
B,C,E
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has acute gastritis. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse recommend for the plan of care? (Select all that apply). response - incorrect A: Provide three large meals a day B: Observe stool characteristics C: Administer ibuprofen for pain D: Monitor electrolytes E: Evaluate I&O
B,D,E
A 68-year-old client was admitted with congestive heart failure, has been digitalized, and is now taking a maintenance dose of digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. The client is to be discharged soon. Which assessment data is of most immediate concern to the nurse? A: the client's apical pulse is 66 and blood pressure is 104/68 B: the client says that he will take his pill every morning C: the client states that he is nauseous and has no appetite D: the client has lost 8 lbs. since his admission one week ago
C
A nurse has given post-procedure instructions to a client who has undergone a colonoscopy. The nurse determines that the client did not fully understand the directions if the client states that: A: It is normal to feel gassy or bloated after the procedure B: The abdominal muscles may be tender from stretching during the procedure C: It is alright to drive once the client has been home for an hour or so D: Intake should be light at first, then progress to regular intake
C
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has GERD. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A; Absence of saliva B: Sweet taste in mouth C: Loss of tooth enamel D: Absence of eructation
C
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A; Maintain a low-fiber diet B: Take the medication with food C: Wait 1 hour before taking other oral medications D: Monitor for diarrhea
C
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a patient who has an infection due to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates understanding? A: "I will have my throat swabbed to recheck for this bacteria." B: "I will schedule a CT scan to monitor imporvement." C: "I will take a combination of medications for treatment." D: "I will continue my prescription for corticosteroids."
C
A patient has a history of a large left inguinal hernia. He is admitted complaining of nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and inguinal pain. The nurse understands that which of the following is a serious complication of a hernia in which the blood supply to the tissue becomes occluded? A: hiatal hernia. B: incarcerated hernia. C: strangulated hernia. D: sliding hernia.
C
The nurse understands that the desired action of ranitidine in the treatment of a client with a gastric ulcer is to: A: Increase gastric acid production B: Neutralize hydrochloric acid C: Decrease secretion of hydrochloric acid D: Increase production of bile
C
What should the nurse instruct the patient to do after barium swallow contrast studies are performed? A: take an emetic to induce vomiting of barium B: eat nothing until the gag reflex returns C: increase fluids to help expel barium D: remain in bed for 6 hours with BRP
C
A 32 year old patient is admitted with worsening ulcerative colitis. An ileostomy is scheduled. The nurse understands that the patient may be at risk for which of the following after the procedure? A: Sexual dysfunction. B: Activity intolerance. C: Ineffective thermoregulation. D: Disturbed body image.
D
A client has been advised to take an antacid to neutralize gastric acid and thereby decrease the pain of gastric irritation. What antacid-related administration issues should the nurse discuss with the client? A) To take the antacids on a regular basis for up to 6 weeks B) To chew tablets and swallow with 4 ounces of water or milk C) To take them after the onset of episodes of gastric irritation D)To take the antacid at least 1 hour before/after taking other medication
D
A client with peptic ulcer disease states that stress frequently causes exacerbation of the disease. The nurse would interpret that which of the following items mentioned by the client is most likely responsible for the exacerbations? A. Ability to work from home periodically B. Eating five or six small meals per day C. Sleeping 8 to 10 hours a night D. Frequently needing to work overtime on short notice
D
A nurse is eating in a restaurant when a woman who is 8 months pregnant at the next table begins to choke. Which of the following hand placements would the nurse use to modify the abdominal thrust? A; Midway between umbilicus and symphysis pubis B: Upper sternum C: Midway between umbilicus and xiphoid process D: Midsternum
D
A patient has been admitted for diagnostic procedures including an esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The nurse explains to this patient that during this procedure, the physician will perform which of the following? A: visualize the intestine but cannot remove polyps. B: use a long, rigid, fiberoptic scope to examine the anatomy C: order NPO status 1 hour before the procedure. D: visualize the esophagus, stomach, and upper small intestine.
D
A patient is admitted with acute diverticulitis. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention to lessen this patient's signs and symptoms of increased flatus and chronic constipation alternating with diarrhea, anorexia, and nausea? A: encourage fluids to prevent dehydration. B: reduce oral intake to rest the bowel. C: administer laxatives to prevent secondary constipation. D: encourage a diet high in fiber content.
D
A patient who has had a bowel resection is to resume his diet. Which of the following diets should the nurse order first for this patient? A: High residue B: Mechanical soft C: Low fiber D: Clear liquid
D
An adult has a nasogastric tube in place. Which nursing action will relieve discomfort in the nostril with the NG tube? A: lubricate the NG tube with viscous lidocaine B: replace the NG tube with a smaller diameter tube C: remove any tape and loosely pin the NG tube to his gown D: position the NG tube to avoid pressure on the nares
D
An adult receives NPH insulin (intermediate acting) at 0700. When is a hypoglycemic reaction most apt to develop? A: during the evening B: mid morning C: during the night D: mid afternoon
D
Data collection during the nursing process reveals that the patient has been admitted for a total gastrectomy. What will the nurse anticipate the patient will need to be assessed for after surgery? A: renal failure. B: obesity complications. C: continuing his routine diet. D: vitamin B12 deficiency.
D
The nurse is addressing a group of high school students regarding the use of tobacco. A student says, "I won't get lung cancer because I don't smoke, I chew snuff". Which of the following is the best response by the nurse? A: "Well, you shouldn't do that either, at your age" B: "I don't think you understand the purpose of my speech!" C: "You're right, you won't get lung cancer" D: "You can still get oral cancer from the smokeless tobacco"
D
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with heart failure taking digoxin and furosemide. What electrolyte will the nurse need to monitor closely? A: calcium B: sodium C: phosphorus D: potassium
D
The nurse is caring for a client who is being prepared for surgery for appendicitis. What is the preoperative preparation? A: Put a warm pad on the abdomen; offer clear liquids B: Administer ibuprofen for moderate to severe pain C: Ambulate to decrease problems with distention D: Allow position of comfort; maintain NPO status
D
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving 5,000 units of heparin sodium subcutaneously. The nurse will review which of the following laboratory results prior to administering the injection? A: Hb B: PT C: CBC D: PTT
D
The nurse is caring for a young adult patient diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The patient is experiencing bowel incontinence. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate? A: ensuring the patient has on a disposable brief at all times B: answering the patient's call bell promptly C: assisting the patient to the bathroom often D: keeping a portable commode at the bedside
D
The nurse is participating in the care of a patient who is exhibiting signs of hypovolemic shock. Which of the following client findings is most likely to be present? A) decreased respiratory rate B) elevated systolic and lowered diastolic BP C) decreased heart rate D) decreased urine output
D
The nurse recognizes that a potential complication for the patient following barium enema is: A: diarrhea B: severe vomiting C: electrolyte imbalance D: obstruction
D
The nurse recognizes that which blood test results would confirm a diagnosis of appendicitis in a patient? A: RBC of 4.5 B: Positive heterophil antibody test C: Platelet count of 300 D: WBC of 13
D
The nurse understands that it is believed that the gastric mucosa of the body of the stomach undergoes a period of transient ischemia in patients with hypotension, severe injury, extensive burns, or complicated surgery. This results in the development of what disorder? A: Ulcerative colitis B: Volvulus C: Crohn's disease D: Stress ulcers
D
The patient complains that he will never adjust to his colostomy. In this situation, it would be best for the nurse to do which of the following? A:counsel him that everything will be all right. B: explain that his concerns will lessen when he learns to care for his colostomy. C: suggest that he discuss his concerns with his physician. D: encourage him to express his feelings and concerns.
D
What is a nursing measure that will prevent or minimize dumping syndrome for a patient following a bariatric surgery procedure? A: administer the feeding by bolus to prevent continuous intestinal distention. B: administer the feeding with the patient in Fowler's position to decrease transit time caused by gravity. C: administer the feeding with about 100 ml of fluid to dilute the high carbohydrate concentration. D: administer feedings in six small daily meals that are high in protein and fat content.
D
Which of these meals would the nurse recommend to provide the highest amount of protein and calories? A) chicken noodle soup, cream cheese and jelly sandwich, whole-kernel corn, orange sherbet, and a cola drink B) vegetable soup, cottage cheese on crackers, applesauce, and a hot chocolate C) fresh fruit plate with sherbet, buttered muffin, slice of watermelon, and a fruit-flavored milk drink D) cheeseburger, french-fried potatoes, carrot sticks, cantaloupe balls, and milk
D
