gino semester exam

During the Gilded Age, which of the following groups generally voted Republican? a. Unskilled wage earners b. Southern Protestant farmers c. Black northerners d. Roman Catholic immigrants e. Confederate war veterans

c

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, southern state governments used all of the following methods to restrict African American freedoms EXCEPT a. Jim Crow laws b. literacy tests c. restrictive housing covenants d. poll taxes e. grandfather clauses

c

During the presidency of William H. Taft, United States policy in Latin America was driven primarily by a. the administration's desire to benefit from European colonial inroads in the region b. concern for the development of democracy and the protection of civil rights in the region c. concern for United States economic and strategic interests in the region d. Congress's determination to ameliorate the hostility engendered by Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick policy e. the President's goal of founding an effective Pan-American organization to deal with hemispheric issues

c

Gwendolyn Brooks, Langston Hughes, and James Weldon Johnson were all similar in that they a. were persecuted by Senator Joseph McCarthy b. protested United States involvement in the Vietnam War c. contributed to the Harlem Renaissance d. followed a style of painting called Cubism e. organized labor unions during the Gilded Age

c

In the late nineteenth century, all of the following encouraged American jingoism EXCEPT a. the example of European imperialism b. yellow journalism c. the flooding of American markets by foreign producers d. Social Darwinism e. the New Navy policy of Alfred Thayer Mahan and Theodore Roosevelt

c

In the three decades following the Civil War, the policies of the Republican Party generally favored a. the interests of laborers b. woman suffrage c. northern industrial interests d. southern agricultural interests e. inflationary currency policies

c

Jacob Riis is best known for his work in the 1890s as a a. labor organizer and Socialist Party activist b. reformer who encouraged new immigrants to homestead c. journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived d. leader of the People's Party e. playwright whose dramas celebrated the assimilation of immigrants into American society

c

On the question of whether American laws applied to the overseas territory acquired in the Spanish-American War, the Supreme Court ruled that a. only the President's rulings counted and Congress had no voice in the matter. b. only tariff laws could be forced. c. the Constitution did not necessarily apply. d. federal but not state laws applied.

c

One means by which President Hoover attempted to fight the Great Depression was a. the early payments of bonuses to veterans b. direct government aid to the needy c. the establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation d. the establishment of the Tennessee Valley Authority e. a lowering of barriers for free trade

c

Policy initiatives during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first two presidential terms included all of the following EXCEPT a. restricting agricultural production b. restoring public confidence in the banking system c. nationalizing basic industries d. creating new jobs in the public sector e. deficit financing

c

President Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union address, January 1941 Which of the following most immediately increased enthusiasm in the United States for upholding the freedoms outlined in the excerpt? a. The passage of a federal law providing veterans with financial aid in housing and education b. The successful detonation of an atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project c. The attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor d. The growing number of women working in defense manufacturing

c

President Roosevelt organized a conference in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905 to a. establish a colonial office to manage the United States' new empire. b. extend a grant of independence to the Philippines. c. mediate a conclusion to the Russo-Japanese War. d. mediate a conflict between Germany and Spain over North Africa.

c

President Theodore Roosevelt addressed all of the following issues during his presidency EXCEPT a. unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry b. monopolization and consolidation in the railroad industry c. insider trading on the stock market d. railroad freight rates e. unsafe drug products

c

President Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an opportunity for the United States to a. reestablish the balance of power in European diplomacy. b. rebuild its dangerously small military and naval force c. shape a new international order based on the ideals of democracy. d. expand America's territorial holdings. e. establish a permanent military presence in Europe.

c

Roosevelt heeded John Maynard Keynes's advice and a. balanced the budget. b. created the Good Neighbor Policy. c. practiced deficit spending d. improved the Federal Reserve.

c

Senator Huey P. Long of Louisiana gained national popularity by a. advocating social justice for all. b. blaming Jews for the Depression. c. promising to give every family $5,000. d. making Louisiana a model for ordinary citizens. e. supporting a $200-a-month old-age pension.

c

"In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. "The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. "The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. "The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. "The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world." President Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union address, January 1941 Roosevelt's speech was most likely intended to increase publ

aiding the Allies in Europe during the Second World War

After the Civil War, the plentiful supply of unskilled labor in the United States a. helped to build the nation into an industrial giant b. was unable to find employment in technologically demanding industries. c. increasingly found work in agriculture. d. was almost entirely native born. e. came almost exclusively from rural America.

a

All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to a. block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States b. keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan c. demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union d. force the unconditional surrender of Japan e. save American lives

a

Both ratified in the 1930s, the Twentieth Amendment _______________; the Twenty-first Amendment _______________. a. shortened the time between presidential election and inauguration; ended prohibition b. rendered most New Deal programs unconstitutional; limited a president to two complete terms in office c. expanded the size of the Supreme Court; ended prohibition d. ended prohibition; shortened the time between the presidential election and inauguration e. limited a president to two complete terms in office; repealed the Eighteenth Amendment

a

Charles J. Guiteau assassinated President Garfield over what issue? a. patronage b. monetary policy c. immigration d. the tariff

a

China's Boxer Rebellion was an attempt to a.. throw out or kill all foreigners b. establish American power in the Far East. c. restore traditional Chinese religion. d. overthrow the corrupt Chinese government.

a

During the Great Depression, "Hoovervilles" were a. shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people b. work projects established by the Hoover administration to revitalize the economy c. soup kitchens financed under New Deal legislation d. model communities established by the Hoover administration e. government relocation camps for indigent workers

a

During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, farmers complained about all of the following EXCEPT a. rising commodity prices b. high grain elevator (storage) costs c. high railroad rates d. high interest charges

a

Frederick Jackson Turner's theory emphasized the significance of the frontier for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. The western frontier had land that could be distributed to former slaves b. Free land promoted freedom of opportunity on the frontier. c. The frontier helped establish democratic institutions. d. An open frontier led to the development of the unique American character.

a

In his Atlanta Compromise speech, Booker T. Washington called for which of the following? a. Support for African American self-help b. Educational equality for African Americans c. Racial integration of religious organizations d. African American voting rights e. An end to racial segregation

a

Settlement house workers of the late nineteenth century would most likely have engaged in all of the following EXCEPT a. publishing reports on deplorable housing conditions b. offering literacy and language classes for immigrants c. organizing women workers into labor unions d. teaching classes on cooking and dressmaking e. establishing day nurseries for working mothers

c

The Ghost Dance was an American Indian religious movement associated with a. an infusion of Hispanic cultural traditions b. the outbreak of King Philip's War c. distress over loss of tribal autonomy and lands d. the Pueblo Revolt e. an American Indian victory at Little Bighorn

c

The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against a. race riots. b. the nativist movements that had their origins in the 1850s. c. the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture. d. capitalism. e. new immigration laws passed in 1924.

c

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was established to a. provide money for the construction of dams on the Tennessee River. b. outlaw "yellow dog" (antiunion) contracts. c. make loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments. d. provide direct economic assistance to labor. e. lend money for federal public works projects.

c

In the Root-Takahira agreement of 1908, a. the United States and Japan agreed to respect each other's territorial holdings in the Pacific b. the Japanese agreed to accept the segregation of Japanese children in California schools in return for the United States' recognition of Japanese control of Korea. c. the Japanese government agreed to limit the number of Japanese immigrant laborers entering the United States. d. Japan agreed to accept U.S. control of the Philippines in exchange for Japanese domination of Manchuria.

a

In the late 1800s, many Americans came to support a United States empire overseas because they a. sought to spread Protestantism and Anglo-Saxon values b. thought that importing foreign products would stimulate the United States economy c. wanted to create a more diverse society d. viewed colonies as places where African Americans could be resettled e. wanted the United States to assist British and German colonization

a

In the period 1890-1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT: a. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) endorsed the Back-to-Africa movement. b. African American leaders disagreed on the principal strategy for attaining equal rights. c. Numerous African Americans were lynched, and mob attacks on African American individuals occurred in both the North and the South. d. African Americans from the rural South migrated to both southern and northern cities. e. Voting rights previously gained were denied through changes in state laws and constitutions.

a

Marcus Garvey's prominence during the 1920s arose from his a. emphasis on the importance of Black pride and Black nationalism b. establishment of a political party focusing on civil rights issues c. financial and literary contributions to the Harlem Renaissance d. service as an unofficial adviser to Presidents and cabinet members e. development of a national network of Black-owned businesses

a

One stated objective of Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace after the First World War was to a. promote the right of national self-determination b. destroy the Central Powers' military strength c. provide monetary assistance to rebuild Europe d. ensure the military dominance of the United States over the European powers e. ensure that the Central Powers paid the Allied nations for war damages

a

Patterns of migration in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s were most similar to which of the following earlier patterns of migration? a. The immigration of Europeans to Northern cities in the United States during the Gilded Age b. The restrictions placed on Chinese immigration to the United States during the 1880s c. The internal migration of Northerners to the South during the period of Reconstruction d. The internal relocation of American Indians to reservations from the 1860s to the 1890s

a

President Hoover's approach to the Great Depression was to a. offer federal assistance to businesses and banks but not individuals. b. encourage the states to stimulate spending. c. leave the economy alone to work itself out of trouble. d. work for the breakup of business monopolies. e. nationalize major industries.

a

President Roosevelt's "Court-packing" scheme in 1937 reflected his desire to make the Supreme Court a. more sympathetic to New Deal programs. b. more independent of Congress. c. less burdened with appellate cases. d. more conservative. e. more respectful of the Constitution's original intent.

a

The establishment of a stronger economic regulatory system during the Great Depression most closely reflected a continuity with which of the following? a. Efforts to fund internal improvements during the Early Republic b. Efforts to encourage women to enter the workforce during the Second World War c. Efforts to restrict the excesses of corporations during the Progressive Era d. Efforts to expand the influence of unionized labor during the Gilded Age

c

The "Atlanta Compromise" is the name given to the a. the proposal that African Americans emphasize making economic progress over the quest for political and social equality b. political concessions southern White politicians made to African Americans in order to win their support against northerners c. southern agreement to supply raw materials to the North and West in exchange for manufactured products d. political deal made by northern Republicans and southern Democrats to pass legislation favoring the gold standard e. agreement expected to forge a new Republican Party of northern moderates and southern conservatives

a

The "Rough Riders," organized principally by Teddy Roosevelt, a. were commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood. b. managed to take Santiago Bay unassisted. c. were trained in guerrilla warfare. d. consisted primarily of Roosevelt's upper-class friends.

a

The Open Door policy in China called for which of the following? a. Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China b. International acknowledgement of China's right to exclude the trade of any nation c. Reduction of foreign tariffs on Chinese goods d. Recognition of Chinese territorial gains in Manchuria e. A consortium of nations to govern China

a

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following? a. Declared the United States to be the "policeman" of the Western Hemisphere. b. Provided United States military support for democratic revolutions in Latin America. c. Warned against European seizure of the Panama Canal. d. Sought to end the wave of nationalization of American-owned property in the Caribbean. e. Prohibited United States intervention in the Caribbean.

a

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine expanded America's role in a. Central America and the Caribbean b. North Africa c. Asia d. Europe e. the Philippines

a

The flappers of the 1920's challenged traditional American attitudes about women by supporting a. greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior b. a federal birth control and abortion rights protection law c. a federal law to establish prenatal clinics in rural areas d. gender equality in salaries e. an equal rights amendement

a

The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to a. assimilate American Indians into the mainstream of American culture b. remove all American Indians to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma) c. legally establish the communal nature of American Indian landholding d. recognize and preserve the tribal cultures of American Indians e. restore to American Indians land seized unjustly

a

The main contributing factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's a. cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents b. employment of immigrant labor at less than a living wage c. retraction of its promise to provide an employee insurance and retirement plan d. dismissal of union workers

a

The most vigorous "champion of the dispossessed"—that is, the poor and minorities—in Roosevelt administration circles was a. Eleanor Roosevelt. b. Harold Ickes. c. Frances Perkins. d. Henry A. Wallace. e. Alfred E. Smith.

a

The term "muckrakers" was used in the early twentieth century to refer to a. journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty b. laborers who worked in the meatpacking industry c. captains of industry who defended the accumulation of wealth in lectures and pamphlets d. writers who wrote articles sympathetic to big business

a

What issue during the 1888 election truly divided Democrats and Republicans in years? a. the tariff b. monetary policy c. corruption d. immigration

a

What was unique about the election of 1888 a. Cleveland won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote to Harrison b. Harrison won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote to Cleveland c. Populists entered the race as a major 3rd party d. The electoral vote was a tie

a

What was unique about the outcome of the 1892 election? a. Cleveland became the 1st and only president to serve two non-consecutive terms b. Harrison became the 1st and only president to serve two non-consecutive terms c. This was the only election in US history to have 3 candidates d. Cleveland became the first president to serve 3 consecutive terms

a

Which of the following BEST explains a connection between the economic productivity of the United States in the mid-1800s and in the late 1800s? a. The application of new technologies expanded large-scale industrial manufacturing b. Corporations' need for managers fostered the growth of a large middle class. c. The use of sharecropping in the South expanded cotton agricultural production. d. Labor unions sought to improve conditions in factories and wages for workers.

a

Which of the following correctly matches the candidate with their party in the election of 1892? a. Cleveland (Democrat), Harrison (Republican), Weaver (Populist) b. Cleveland (Populist), Harrison (Republican), Weaver (Democrat) c. Cleveland (Republican), Harrison (Democrat), Weaver (Populist) d. Cleveland (Populist), Harrison (Democrat), Weaver (Republican)

a

Which of the following men was behind McKinely's nomination and campaign? a. Mark Hanna b. William Jennings Bryan c. Grover Cleveland d. Andrew Carnegie

a

Which of the following was LEAST involved in the struggle for women's rights? a. Dorothea Dix b. Lucretia Mott c. Elizabeth Cady Stanton d. Carrie Chapman Catt e. Alice Paul

a

Which of the following was most significant in influencing organized labor to support the Democratic Party? a. The passage of the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) b. Harry Truman's use of the Taft-Hartley Act c. The establishment of welfare capitalism in the 1920s d. Herbert Hoover's signing of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act e. Woodrow Wilson's appointment of Samuel Gompers to the War Production Board

a

Which tariff, passed in 1930, raised rates to an all-time high, further deepening the worldwide depression? a.Hawley-Smoot b. National Recovery c. Mellon-Hoover d. Kellogg-Briand

a

When war broke out in Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson established a policy that called for

acknowledgment of American neutral rights on the high seas

The policies passed in response to the Great Depression contributed to a change in which of the following earlier popular beliefs? a. Labor unions should have the sole power to negotiate with corporations. b. Big business should have significant influence over federal legislation. c. Government should be noninterventionist during economic downturns. d. Federal programs should contribute to the welfare of older Americans.

c

The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to a. reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress b. ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers c. raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production d. expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers e. provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor

c

What was the significance of the New Deal? a. It ended the Jazz Age. b. The policies made the United States the largest creditor nation in the world. c. The programs expanded the federal government's presence both in the economy and in people's lives. d. It saved the nation's institutions from extinction.

c

Which of the following best describes the experience of Americans of Japanese descent during the Second World War? a. The Department of the Army repatriated them forcibly to Japan. b. The Supreme Court intervened to protect them from wartime hysteria. c. They were forced from their homes and businesses on the West Coast into detention camps. d. They were expelled from Hawaii and California. e. They were forced to take loyalty oaths along with Americans of Italian and German descent

c

In the 1930s the Great Depression resulted in a. a dramatic increase in the number of foreign immigrants b. an increase in the number of transient people searching for work c. a major migration from California to the Central Plains d. a dramatic increase in emigration to Canada e. a significant increase in the birth rate

b

John Paton Davies, United States diplomat in China, "Observations on the Struggle for Power in China," 1943 The excerpt could best be used by historians to explain which of the following historical situations? a. Rejection of international engagement by isolationists in the United States government b. Attempts by the United States to use its power to influence postwar peace settlements c. Challenges to the economic influence of the United States as a result of the Second World War d. Resistance to treaties between the United States and Asian nations by European colonial powers

b

Many anti-imperialists opposed the annexation of the Philippines in 1898 because they believed that a. the United States would be drawn into a war with Japan over Pacific territories b. United States colonialism in the Philippines was incompatible with the American belief in self-determination c. Philippine agriculture would be competing with United States agriculture d. the Philippines should be returned to Spain e. the Philippine government was planning an alliance with Mexico

b

The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized a. unskilled workers along industrial lines b. skilled workers in order to achieve economic gains c. workers and intellectuals into a labor party for political action d. all industrial and agricultural workers in "one big union" e. workers into a fraternal organization to provide unemployment and old-age benefits

b

The New Deal attempted to revive the farm economy during the 1930's by a. increasing tariffs to eliminate foreign competition b. reducing the amount of land under cultivation c. opening up more federal land for homesteads d. selling surplus farm commodities abroad e. making cash payments to encourage more production

b

The People's Party (Populist) advocated which of the following? a. A decrease in agricultural production b. An increase in the money supply. c. Support for civil rights legislation d. Joint ownership of businesses by urban laborers and farmers e. Public ownership of the means of production

b

The Philippine nationalist who led the insurrection against both Spanish rule and the later United States occupation was a. Valeriano Weyler. b. Emilio Aguinaldo c. Pasqual de Cervera. d. Dupuy de Lóme.

b

The United States gained a perpetual lease on the Panama Canal Zone in the a. Gentlemen's Agreement b. Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty. c. Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. d. Teller Amendment

b

The battleship Maine was sunk by a. a mine planted by pro-Cuban Americans. b. an explosion on the ship. c. Cuban rebels. d. the Spanish.

b

The first massive migration of Black Americans from the South occurred during which of the following periods a. In the decade after the Second World War b. During and immediately after the First World War c. During the Great Depression d. Immediately following the Civil War e. During the civil rights movement of the 1960's

b

The major goal of the Social Gospel movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was to a. send missionaries to convert American Indians to Protestantism b. draw the attention of Protestant churches to the plight of the urban poor c. stimulate public interest in the principles of Anglo-Saxon superiority d. promote the spread of Protestantism in United States territorial possessions e. encourage support for Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution

b

The phrase "Hundred Days" refers to a. the time it took for Congress to begin acting on President Roosevelt's plans for combating the Great Depression. b. the first months of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. c. the worst months of the Great Depression. d. the "lame-duck" period between Franklin Roosevelt's election and his inauguration. e. the time that all banks were closed by FDR.

b

The trial of John Scopes in 1925 centered on the issue of a. progressive education. b. teaching evolution in public schools.This answer is correct. c. the right of parochial schools to exist. d. prayer in the public schools. e. teachers' membership in the Ku Klux Klan.

b

When elected to the presidency in 1928, Herbert Hoover a. was militantly antilabor and against big government. b. talked of the idea of rugged individualism & had experience in modern business. c. understood that his major challenge was to find a solution to the Great Depression. d. had been a successful governor of California. e. brought little administrative talent or experience to the job.

b

Which of the following BEST explains a connection between the economic development of the West and industrialization in the mid-1800s and in the late 1800s? a. In both cases, the West offered a large existing labor force eager for work in mining and railroads. b. In both cases, the expansion and improvement of railroads facilitated transportation in the West. c. In both cases, the end of conflicts with American Indians encouraged many Southerners to migrate to the West. d. In both cases, the federal government encouraged immigrants from abroad to settle in the West.

b

Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s? a. Its active recruitment of immigrant workers b. Its policy of organizing only skilled workers c. Its campaign for a minimum wage d. Its organization of all workers within a single industry into one union e. Its policy of racial inclusiveness

b

Which of the following best characterizes the stance of the writers associated with the literary flowering of the 1920s, such as Sinclair Lewis and F. Scott Fitzgerald? a. Sympathy for Protestant fundamentalism b. Criticism of middle-class conformity and materialism c. Nostalgia for the "good old days" d. Commitment to the cause of racial equality e. Advocacy of cultural isolationism

b

Which of the following best explains the campaign behind the above government documents? a. Industrial production was essential to successful modern warfare and it required an effort by the entire nation b. Salvaging waste materials promoted patriotism by giving everyone a way to support the war effort c. Governments need to control civilian behavior during wartime to reassure people that they were still in control d. Governments had to stop civilian hoarding during wartime so that people would not focus their anger on each other

b

Which of the following best explains the factor that prompted the United States involvement in military actions during the Second World War? a. Germany attempted to convince the Mexican government to attack the United States b. Japan conducted a surprise attack on a United States military base. c. Germany declared war against the United States d. The Japanese navy carried out strikes against United States shipping interests

b

Which of the following correctly describes the Committee on Public Information? a. It was an antislavery group that formed after the Compromise of 1850. b. It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War. c. It was the effort led by Samuel Adams to rally colonists against British taxes. d. It was the first organization to oppose legalizing abortion. e. It was a business lobby against Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.

b

Which of the following events inspired Coxey's Army? a. Panic of 1888 b. Panic of 1893 c. Election of 1892 d. Election of 1896

b

Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890? a. It quickly limited the number of mergers taking place. b. It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations. c. It ended effective cooperation between business and the federal government. d. It forced businesses to adopt pooling agreements. e. It led to federal control of the railroads.

b

Which of the following messages did the United States government most likely intend to impart in the Second World War poster pictured above? a. Response to criticism that corporate profiteering undermined United States war efforts b. Encouragement of greater acceptance of African American workers in wartime industrial jobs c. Promotion of union membership for workers in war industries d. Celebration of the United States policy of racial integration in the armed forces e. Counterpoint to the Rosie the Riveter image by showing that men, as well as women, worked in war industries

b

Which of the following was true of the South in the post-Civil War period? a. A strong labor movement emerged in the textile industry. b. Landowners widely adopted sharecropping and tenant farming c. Big business and railroads came to dominate the Southern economy just as they did in the North. d. A large immigrant population moved to the region. e. The cotton market experienced a twenty-year boom.

b

Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following EXCEPT a. national self-determination b. recognition of Allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war c. freedom of the seas d. creation of an international organization to preserve the peace and security of its members e. open diplomacy

b

Arrange these wartime conferences in chronological order: (A) Potsdam, (B) Casablanca, (C) Teheran.

b, c, a

The United States' made the least of their contributions to the Allied victory in World War I in the way of

battlefield victories

The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the League of Nations if Wilson had

been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress.

Which of the following best explains a long-term result of the development depicted in the excerpt? a. New types of art emerged within urban African American communities. b. New prosperity brought working-class citizens into the middle class. c. New forms of mass media contributed to the spread of national culture. d. New labor demands resulted in fewer people working in agriculture.

c

Which of the following contexts best explains the construction of transcontinental railroads in the late 1800s? a. Westward migration created consumer demand for a transportation system connecting the East and the West b. Reconstruction policies allowed freedom of movement for formerly enslaved people. c. Large-scale industrial production brought business consolidation and the needed capital to support railroad construction d. Conflicts between the North and the South drove their economic development in different directions.

c

Which of the following developments best explains changes in agricultural production in the United States during the 1880s and 1890s? a. Farmers established new plantations for commercial crops such as cotton and tobacco. b. The Civil War devastated farms in large portions of the South. c. New systems of transportation integrated farming into national markets. d. Commercial farms increasingly relied on labor provided by immigrants.

c

Which of the following occurred on the home front during the First World War? a. The federal government issued rationing coupons for food and gasoline. b. The United States government placed Japanese Americans in relocation camps. c. The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment. d. Women joined the military in large numbers. e. Military commanders desegregated the armed forces.

c

Which of the following pairs of immigrant groups were most prominent in the construction of the first transcontinental railroad? a. Italians and Irish b. Irish and Japanese c. Chinese and Irish d. Chinese and Japanese e. Chinese and Italians

c

Which of the following was a common experience on the United States home front during the Second World War? a. Highly publicized trials of suspected communists b. The belief that society could simultaneously pay for both its war effort and its social- welfare legislation c. Rationing of basic consumer goods d. Government attempts to misinform the public about the war's death toll e. Frequent antiwar protests

c

Which of the following was the primary economic purpose for the rationing program found in the above document? a. Discourage the development of "black markets" b. Encourage workers and unions not to demand higher wages c. Control inflation caused by shortages of consumer goods d. Encourage industries to stop making consumer products

c

Which of the following was true of the American labor movement in the late nineteenth century? a. It was controlled by immigrant socialists and anarchists. b. It was protected from employer harassment by federal law and policy. c. It was involved in several violent strikes d. It was allied with the Democratic party.

c

Which of the following was true of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887? a. It indicated that the federal government had abandoned the goal of American Indian assimilation. c. It eliminated most tribal land ownership in favor of ownership by individuals d. It created American Indian reservations for the first time. e. It was intended to recognize the contributions of American Indian peoples.

c

Which of the following was true of the settlement house workers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? a. They endeavored to suppress immigrant cultures. b. They devised programs that departed radically from those of English settlement houses. c. They included large numbers of middle-class, college-educated women. d. They established settlement houses in middle-class environments. e. They avoid political involvement.

c

Which of these protests caused Hoover's popularity to plunge dramatically in 1932? a. Hunger marches b. Farm holiday protests c. Bonus Army d. Rent riots

c

Which one of the following members of President Harding's cabinet proved to be incompetent and corrupt? a. Andrew Mellon b. Herbert Hoover c. Albert Fall d. Charles Evans Hughes e. Calvin Coolidge

c

In 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover disagreed most strongly about the desirability of a. farm price supports b. a balanced federal budget c. federal aid to corporations d. federal relief to individuals e. a program of public works

d

In the 1930's, the movement led by Dr. Francis Townsend contributed to congressional approval of a law a. securing federal protection of labor union organizers b. insuring the bank deposits of consumers c. protecting ethnic minorities from discrimination d. implementing a federal program of old-age benefits e. providing larger federal subsidies to farmers

d

In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, American agriculture was characterized by a. a decline in the number of tenant farmers b. an increase in wholesale prices for farm products c. a decline in the number of farm cooperatives d. an increase in acres under cultivation e. a decline in foreclosures on midwestern farms

d

John Paton Davies, United States diplomat in China, "Observations on the Struggle for Power in China," 1943 The excerpt's point of view best explains the issues in which of the following? a. (A) Arguments regarding whether to use atomic weaponry against Japan b. Controversies over alleged communist infiltration of the United States government c. Campaigns to encourage women to work in defense industries d. Debates about how to address the consequences of the war in the Pacific

d

Margaret Sanger was most noted for her advocacy of a. prohibition. b. women's suffrage. c. civil rights. d. birth control.

d

The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand a. punishment for those who had forced unemployed veterans to leave Washington, D.C. b. housing and health care assistance for veterans. c. the removal of American troops from Nicaragua. d. immediate full payment of bonus payments promised to World War I veterans. e. an expanded American army and navy.

d

The LEAST prosperous group in the 1920s consisted of a. workers in newer industries like radio and automobiles b. workers in service industries c. skilled workers threatened by new laborsaving technologies d. farmers in the Midwest and the South e. workers in older industries like steel and railroads

d

The Teapot Dome scandal involved the corrupt mishandling of a. the budget for the Bureau of Indian Affairs. b. presidential pardons. c. European war-debt payments. d. naval oil reserves. e. funds for veterans' hospitals.

d

The Teller Amendment a. made Cuba an American possession. b. directed President McKinley to order American troops into Cuba. c. appropriated funds to combat yellow fever in Cuba. d. guaranteed that the United States would uphold the independence of Cuba.

d

The United States annexed which of the following after defeating Spain in the Spanish-American War? a. Hawaii b. Cuba c. The Dominican Republic d. The Philippines

d

The United States home front during the First World War was marked by an increase in all of the following EXCEPT a. government regulation of fuel, food, and transportation b. participation of women in factory work, government service, and volunteer work c. tax rates on individuals and estates d. support of individual liberties by the Supreme Court e. employment opportunities for African Americans and Mexican Americans

d

The creation of libraries in the late 1800s as described in the excerpt best reflects which of the following developments? a. Efforts to provide formerly enslaved people with education b. Challenges to the system of settlement houses in major cities c. Undertakings to assimilate Native Americans into United States culture d. Attempts to provide opportunities for people to fill their leisure time

d

The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the following? a. Protected the civil and political rights of African Americans. b. Protected the civil and political rights of women. c. Strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government. d. Strengthened the position of big business e. Strengthened the position of organized labor.

d

The greatest loss of life for American fighting men during the Spanish-American War resulted from a. the war in the Philippines. b. naval battles in the Caribbean. c. land battles in the Cuban campaign. d. sickness & diseases in both Cuba and the United States.

d

The impact of the Great Depression on agriculture in the United States continued which of the following trends? a. The demand for food resources from abroad grew. b. Support for conservation policies in rural areas declined. c. The need for immigrant farmworkers increased. d. The farm labor force diminished in size as the economy industrialized.

d

The method of mass production that developed during the nineteenth century was a process that a. utilized wireless communications to improve efficiency b. relied on guilds to train artisans c. gave workers greater autonomy, less supervision, and the chance to be creative d. relied on the use of machinery and unskilled labor

d

U. S. naval captain Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that a. the U.S. should reduce the sizeof its fleet. b. the United States should continue its policy of isolationism. c. an isthmian canal between the Atlantic and the Pacific was impossible. d. control of the sea was the key to world domination.

d

Which of the following best characterizes the National Origins Act of 1924 ? a. It allowed increased levels of immigration from southern and eastern Europe. b. It established procedures for the immigration of alien spouses of United States citizens after 1935. c. It allowed Chinese immigrants entry into the United States after 1930. d. It established immigration quotas based on a percentage of each nationality residing in the United States in 1890. e. It set restrictions on the importation of certain goods.

d

Which of the following best explains United States foreign policy between the First World War and the Second World War? a. The United States created a cooperative policy that attempted to resolve disputes through international organizations. b. The United States enacted an imperialist policy in order to expand the territories it gained during the Spanish-American War. c. The United States established an expansionist policy in order to revive the concept of Manifest Destiny. d. The United States followed an isolationist policy in order to avoid becoming involved in another conflict abroad.

d

Which of the following descriptive attributes is least characteristic of President Coolidge? a. shyness b. frugality c. honesty d. wordiness e. caution

d

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the Populist Party? a. Bankers b. Industrialists c. Immigrants d. Sharecroppers

d

Which of the following is true of the 1935 Social Security Act? a. It created benefits for the needy by using taxes on corporate profits. b. It made the United States the first industrialized country to provide a social welfare system. c. It was ended during the first hundred days of the New Deal. d. It legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners. e. It provided health insurance for anyone who needed it.

d

Which of the following labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved work conditions? a. The National Labor Union b. The Knights of Labor c. The Industrial Workers of the World d. The American Federation of Labor

d

Which of the following was NOT characteristic of immigrants in the late nineteenth century? a. They were primarily unskilled laborers. b. They were predominately from southern and eastern Europe. c. They often formed ethnic communities. d. They were mainly female e. They tended to settle in urban areas.

d

Woodrow Wilson hardened Senate opposition to the Treaty of Versailles by his refusal to compromise on the issue of a. protectorate status for African colonies seized from Germany b. reparations limited to the amount Germany could afford to pay c. the border between Italy and Yugoslavia d. the unconditional adherence of the United States to the charter of the League of Nations e. plebiscites to determine the new borders of Germany

d

The Congress of Industrial Organizations was most interested in unionizing which of the following? a. Women clerical workers b. White-collar factory managers c. Migrant farmworkers d. Sailors on American merchant ships e. Unskilled and semiskilled factory workers

e

The assembly-line production of Henry Ford's Model T automobile resulted in which of the following by the end of the 1920's? a. The development of a large international market for American automobiles b. The federal government's abandonment of research on air travel c. A sharp decrease in railroad passenger traffic d. Construction of the federal interstate highway system e. Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families

e

The first "talkie" motion picture was a. The Wizard of Oz. b. Gone With the Wind. c. The Great Train Robbery. d. The Birth of a Nation. e. The Jazz Singer.

e

The leaders of the Progressive movement were primarily a. farmers interested in improving agricultural production b. workers concerned with establishing industrial unions c. immigrant activities attempting to change restrictive immigration laws d. representatives of industries seeking higher tariffs e. middle-class reformers concerned with urban and other social issues

e

The purpose of the immigration restriction acts passed in the 1920s was to a. limit immigration from Canada and Mexico b. deny citizenship to immigrants from Asia and Africa c. favor southern and eastern European immigration d. exclude Chinese immigration for a period of ten years e. favor northern and western European immigration

e

W. E. B. Du Bois differed in philosophy from Booker T. Washington in that Du Bois believed a. civil rights would come through local efforts rather than a national organization b. job training was ultimately more important than formal education c. segregation was a southern problem more than a national one d. economic success would lead to political equality e. African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality

e

What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s? a. There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War. b. A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants. c. Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating. d. Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States. e. The United States passed the National Origins Act.

e

Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish American War? a. Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims b. Increases in the size of the army and navy c. Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain d. Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control e. Acquisition of the Philippine Islands

e

Which of the following best characterizes the conservationist approach to the environment that emerged in the Progressive Era? a. Passage of legislation banning the use of pesticides in agriculture b. Passage of legislation to ensure clean air and waterways c. Preservation of both land and wildlife in pristine condition d. Use of federal money to clean up polluted industrial sites e. Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use

e

Which of the following statements about woman suffrage is true? a. California and Oregon were the first states to have complete women's suffrage. b. The six states of New England were the first to have complete women's suffrage. c. Women suffrage was introduced in the South during Radical Reconstruction. d. No state-granted woman suffrage before 1900. e. The only states with complete woman suffrage before 1900 were west of the Mississippi.

e

Which of the following was Harry Truman's stated reason for authorizing the use of the atomic bomb against Japan? a. Dropping the atomic bomb would demonstrate United States military capability to the Soviets. b. The United States should retaliate in response to Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. c. An earlier United States land assault against Japan had been unsuccessful. d. The development of the atomic bomb had been expensive. e. Using the atomic bomb would prevent the need for a costly invasion of Japan.

e

William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" oration was primarily an expression of his a. fundamentalist religious beliefs b. opposition to teaching the theory of evolution in public schools c. anti-imperialist convictions d. neutral stance toward the belligerents of the First World War e. advocacy of free and unlimited coinage of silver

e

The American home front in the Second World War is best described as

economically invigorated by military spending

The Rosie the Riveter campaign during the Second World War encouraged women to

enter the labor force

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to

expanded job opportunities in Northern factories

The Palmer raids of 1919 to 1920 were most closely related to the

fear of communism and radicalism

During the Second World War, Japanese Americans were relocated because of

fear of possible subversive activity against the war effort

The Zimmermann note involved a proposed secret agreement between

germany and mexico

Franklin Roosevelt won the election in 1944 primarily because

the war was going well

The fundamental strategic decision of World War II made by President Roosevelt and the British at the very beginning was

to concentrate first on the war in Europe and to place the Pacific war against Japan on the back burner - a get Germany first approach.

Most wartime mobilization agencies relied on _______________ to prepare the economy for war.

voluntary compliance

Japanese-Americans living on the West Coast of the United States in early 1942 were sent to internment camps on the alleged grounds that they

were a potential threat to the security of the United States

During World War II, some Native Americans

were used to communicate secretly by using their native languages.

The first women to be elected to congress was

Jeanette Rankin

The purpose of the Lend-Lease Act was to

provide military supplies to the Allies

In a sense, Franklin Roosevelt was the "forgotten man" at the Democratic Convention in 1944 because

so much attention was focused on who would gain the vice presidency.

The Palmer Raids of 1919 were conducted against

suspected communists and anarchists

Hitler's last-ditch attempt to achieve a victory against the Americans and British came in

the Battle of the Bulge

The first naval battle in history in which all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of

the coral sea

Conscription policies in the First and Second World Wars differed significantly in that in the Second World War

the draft began before the United States entered the conflict

The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of

the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity

In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of

"island-hopping" across the South Pacific while bypassing Japanese strongholds.

1. Vanderbilt 2. Morgan 3. Rockefeller 4. Carnegie a. banking/steel b. steamboats/railroads c. oil d. steel match these people with what they can be identified as

1B 2A 3C 4D

Democrats were labeled the party of "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion" by Republicans in which election? a. Election of 1896 b. Election of 1892 c. Election of 1884 d. Election of 1888

c

Match each civilian administrator below with the World War I mobilization agency that he directed. A. George Creel B. Herbert Hoover C. Bernard Baruch D. William Howard Taft 1. War Industries Board 2. Committee on Public Information 3. Food Administration 4. National War Labor Board

A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

As World War I began in Europe, the alliance system placed Germany and Austria—Hungary as leaders of the _______________, while Russia and France were among the _______________.

Central Powers; Allies

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) V-J Day, (B) V-E Day, (C) D Day, (D) Invasion of Italy.

D, C, B, A

The cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a second front in Europe was commanded by General

Dwight Eisenhower.

Immigrants to the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century came primarily from

European farms and villages

Which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1938 and 1942 on the chart above?

Industrial mobilization related to the Second World War

The conquest of _______________ in 1944 was especially critical because from there Americans could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.

Marianas

The bracero program encouraged

Mexican workers to come to the United States as temporary laborers from the 1940s to the 1960s

In the 1920s the Fordney-McCumber Tariff raised rates because a. wanted to punish Europe for WWI b. businessmen were worried Europe would flood the market with cheap goods c. Americans wanted to help post WWI Europe d. Americans saw value in investing abroad e. businessmen wanted new markets for investing

b

According to historian Frederick Jackson Turner, a key factor in the development of American individualism and democracy was a. the American Revolution b. the frontier. c. the Civil War d. transcendentalism e. Puritan theology

b

All of the following concerns were addressed during the "Hundred Days" of the New Deal EXCEPT a. homeowner mortgage support b. court restructuring c. agricultural adjustment d. banking regulation e. unemployment relief

b

All of the following were objectives of W.E.B. DuBois EXCEPT a. the total enfranchisement of all eligible Black citizens b. the establishment of Black political power c. the implementation of Booker T. Washington's program for Black progress d. cooperation with White people in obtaining Black progress e. the establishment of an organization to seek legal redress of Black grievances

b

Andrew Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth endorsed which of the following views? a. Utopian communities were desirable because they protected the well-being of people living in poverty. b. Wealthy individuals have a duty to return their fortunes to society. c. Major industries should be nationalized to ensure equitable distribution of wealth. d. All workers could attain wealth by following a diligent work ethic. e. Trusts and combinations were desirable because they guaranteed job stability to immigrant workers.

b

Between 1890 and 1910, the United States most strongly pursued a foreign policy promoting a. isolationism in world affairs b. commercial involvement in both Latin America and eastern Asia c. a sphere of influence in Africa d. close military alliances with Great Britain and France

b

Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT a. extension of suffrage to women b. imposition of poll taxes c. imposition of income taxes d. procedures for electing United States senators e. prohibition of the sale of alcoholic beverages

b

During the 1930s Black voters overwhelmingly switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party because a. President Roosevelt actively pursued race reform b. Black Americans benefited from some New Deal economic policies c. the Ku Klux Klan was gaining power within the Republican Party d. the Democrats promised to end Prohibition e. southern Democrats widely favored abolishing the poll tax

b

Governmental policies enacted during the New Deal most strongly demonstrate a continuity with which of the following earlier developments? a. Nativists advocated restrictions on the number of immigrants. b. Progressive reformers demanded stricter regulation of the economy. c. Imperialists claimed that the United States needed to gain colonies for resources. d. Populists attempted to get the United States to adopt the silver standard for currency.

b

Henry Louis Gates, Jr., historian, "How Was Black Support Enlisted for World War II, When the Armed Services Were Segregated?," 2017 Which of the following best explains a result of the developments described in the excerpt? a. The United States government allowed African American enlistment only after the attack on Pearl Harbor. b. New employment opportunities opened up for African Americans in the industrial and defense industries. c. African Americans entered the military because they could not find employment owing to the Great Depression. d. Many African American men preferred to remain as sharecroppers rather than enlist in the military.

b

Henry Louis Gates, Jr., historian, "How Was Black Support Enlisted for World War II, When the Armed Services Were Segregated?," 2017 Which of the following best explains an effect of the events described in the excerpt? a. African Americans increasingly moved away from urban areas. b. African American socioeconomic standing improved overall. c. Support by African Americans for New Deal policies declined. d. New forms of expression emerged in African American art and culture.

b

In its report for 1890, the United States Census Bureau indicated that a. Boston was the second largest city in the United State b. the American frontier could no longer be distinguished from settled areas c. industrialization was closing the gap in wealth between rich and poor d. the United States had more Catholics than Protestants e. infant mortality was no longer a serious problem

b

African Americans who fled the violence of the Reconstruction South in 1879 and 1880 to start anew in Great Plains were known as a. jayhawkers b. homesteaders c. Exodusters d. the Colored Farmers' National Alliance e. scalawags

c

All of the following are true of railroad expansion in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that it a. was often overspeculated leading to a bubble b. accelerated the growth of some older cities and created new ones c. was financed by private corporations without government assistance d. was the first big business in the US e. opened new territories to commercial agriculture

c

All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT a. the Progressive belief in social reform b. the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition c. the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents d. the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws

c

Although the Sherman Antitrust Act was originally intended to inhibit the growth of business monopolies, courts initially used its provisions successfully against a. public schools b. immigrants c. labor unions d. banks e. urban political machines

c

America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which a. ended the big-stick policy of armed intervention in Central America and the Caribbean. b. condemned the Japanese aggression against Manchuria. c. provided somewhat of a solution to the tangle of war debt and war-reparations payments. d. aimed to prevent German re-armament. e. established a ratio of allowable naval strength between the United States, Britain, and Japan.

c

American writers of the 1920's have often been called the "lost generation" because they a. found it difficult to get their work published b. were politically radical in a conservative era c. were disillusioned with the course of American life d. preferred to write for a European rather than an American audience e. failed to achieve fame in their lifetimes

c

Andrew Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth was based on the belief that wealthy industrialists should use their wealth to A. acquire additional landholdings in the West B. create new businesses C. finance philanthropic endeavors D. pay workers better wages and benefits E. live in luxury

c

Around 1920, the number of children aged 10 to 15 in the industrial workforce began to decline for which of the following reasons? a. Factory owners advocated state child labor laws. b. The Supreme Court sustained laws barring the interstate sale of goods produced by child labor. c. States began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed. d. The American birth rate declined, thus reducing the number of children available to work. e. Introduction of the minimum wage made child labor uneconomical.

c

Democratic Party support by a new coalition of workers and African Americans during the 1930s was most similar to that of a. Whig Party support following the Mexican-American War b. Socialist Party support following the First World War c. Republican Party support following the Civil War d. Populist Party support following the Spanish-American War

c

Access to natural resources for businesses changed from the mid-1800s to the late 1800s, most directly as a result of which of the following factors? a. The emergence of new scientific theories such as evolution b. The invention of the automobile and the building of highways c. The establishment of national parks for wilderness preservation d. The expansion of the railroads and communication systems such as the electric telegraph

d

After the Civil War, some business people and newspaper editors—such as the Atlanta Constitution's Henry Grady—promoted the idea of a New South. Which of the following best describes their vision for the southern states? a. An agricultural region of large plantations growing cotton, tobacco, and rice, worked by sharecroppers b. A postindustrial region whose economy revolved around health care, insurance, and financial services c. An agricultural region consisting of small farms focused on growing food crops d. A mixed economy no longer primarily dependent on cash crops e. An industrial region whose economic mainstays would be the mining and smelting of minerals and metals

d

All of the following contributed to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the nineteenth century EXCEPT a. barbed wire b. all are true c. overgrazing d. federal recognition of American Indian land claims

d

An underlying cause of the Great Depression, which began in 1929, was a. withdrawal of foreign investments from the United States b. the implementation of free-trade policies after the First World War c. excessive government control of business and industry d. overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors e. the budget deficit incurred after the First World War

d

At the end of the nineteenth century, the desire of American businesses to control all stages of the production process was known as a. the factory system b. horizontal integration c. automation of industry d. vertical integration

d

Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT a. form a third political party b. seek state regulation of railways c. organize farming cooperatives d. limit production of crops

d

Construction of the Panama Canal was motivated mainly by a. American economic interests in Central America. b. the British rejection of the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty. c. continued volcanic activity in Nicaragua d. a desire to improve the defense of the United States.

d

During the 1920s, both the Sacco and Vanzetti case and the rise of the new Ku Klux Klan reflected a. growing lawlessness resulting from the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment (Prohibition) b. widespread opposition to Congress' decision to join the League of Nations c. increased racism resulting from the migration of Black southerners to urban centers in the North d. public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants e. the decreased influence of fundamentalist religious groups

d

During the 1930's, the Great Depression led to a. a decline in highway construction b. a decrease in labor union membership c. the strengthening of the family unit and a higher birth rate d. a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work e. the nationalization of major industries

d

American participation in the Second World War had which of the following major effects on the home front? a. The growth of isolationism in the Midwest b. The introduction of a system of national health insurance c. A decline in farm income d. The breakdown of racial segregation in the South e. A movement of women into factory work

e

As a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930, a. American economic isolationism ended. b. campaign promises to labor were fulfilled. c. American industry grew more secure. d. duties on agricultural products decreased. e. the worldwide depression deepened.

e

Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT a. seek state regulation of railways b. advocate inflation of the currency c. form a third political party d. organize cooperative marketing societies e. limit production of crops

e

City bosses and urban political machines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries did which of the following? a. They encouraged racial integration of residential neighborhoods. b. They discouraged railroad and highway construction to prevent people from moving out of urban areas. c. They promoted prohibition and the abolition of prostitution. d. They enabled the urban middle class to participate more effectively in politics. e. They provided some welfare for poor immigrants in exchange for political support.

e

Despite its isolationist position in the 1920's, the United States government actively intervened throughout the decade in which of the following areas of European affairs? a. Human rights b. Development of international cartels c. Resistance to fascism d. Collective security against communism e. International finance and reparations

e

From the 1880's to the beginning of the New Deal, the dominant American Indian policy of the United Stated government sought to a. strengthen traditional tribal authority b. encourage American Indian emigration to Canada c. relocate all American Indians to the Oklahoma territory d. encourage American Indians to preserve their languages and religions e. break up tribal landholdings

e

In the last half of the nineteenth century, the New South advocates supported a. elimination of convict leasing b. elimination of Jim Crow segregation c. limitation on West Indian migration to the United States d. creation of a southern literature critical of the Old South e. expansion of southern industry

e

In the late nineteenth-century United States, farmers sought federal relief from distress caused by a. natural disasters b. inflationary monetary policies c. excise taxes on agricultural products d. low tariffs e. discriminatory freight & storage rates

e

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the formation of labor unions was often a response to a. the emergence of multinational companies and increased global competition b. federal protection of workers' rights to organize c. the large numbers of immigrants working in factories d. the presence of women in certain areas of industrial work e. low wages, long hours and dangerous conditions in industrial work

e

One reason early twentieth century muckrakers were able to have a significant impact on society was because a. radio programs devoted to the problems in cities attracted wide listening audiences b. most citizens of the United States were already convinced that Jim Crow laws must be overturned c. they had the sympathy and support of industrialists like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller d. drought conditions in the Midwest drew attention to social problems e. sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased

e

The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following? a. Upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections. b. Outlawed segregation in public schools. c. Restricted the right to purchase or sell land. d. Declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional. e. Upheld segregated railroad facilities.

e

Two constitutional amendments adopted in part because of wartime influences were the Eighteenth, which dealt with _______________, and the Nineteenth, whose subject was _______________.

prohibition; women's suffrage

Jane Addams began the settlement house movement with her Hull House in Chicago, which provided social services primarily to

immigrants

Women working in settlement houses such as Hull House initially sought to help

immigrants adapt to American customs and language

The problem of ___ was targeted by the Office of Price Administration.

inflation

The Potsdam conference

issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be destroyed.

A prominent leader in promoting the settlement house movement was

jane aadams

Conservative Republican opponents of the Treaty of Versailles argued that the League of Nations would

limit United States sovereignty

Most of the money raised to finance World War I came from

loans from the American public.

The majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States between 1821 and 1880 settled in the

midwest and northeast

The purpose of the Committee on Public Information, headed by George Creel, was to

mobilize popular support for the First World War

At the wartime Teheran Conference,

plans were made for the opening of the second front in Europe.