GIS

A feature class stores vector features of type point, line, or polygon. It is possible to create a single feature class capable of storing all three feature types. 4

False

Changing the Layer Name from the Contents Pane or from a Properties Dialog also changes the feature class name stored in the geodatabase.

False

Contour lines provide an example of DISCRETE feature data, because it is in a VECTOR format. mod 3

False

Geodatabase names, like that of an output feature class, may contain spaces between words in the name?

False

Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is the generic term applied to all global variations of GPS, including NAVSTAR, GLONASS, COMPASS, and others. 10

False

Select those choices that list the three primary developable surfaces. 7

Plane Cone Cylinder

The VECTOR data model represents realworld phenomena using which of the following choices? mod 3

Points, Lines, or Polygons

Which of the following describes a function of a GIS?

Store and retrieve data Analyze data Create data Visualize data All of the responses offer valid functions of a GIS.

Which of the following accurately describes one method of opening the Symbology pane in ArcGIS Pro? You have already selected (clicked on) a layer from the Contents pane.

1. Select Appearance from the Feature Layer tab 2. Select Symbology from the Drawing group 3. Click the Symbology button to access the Symbology pane.

What is the file extension of an ArcGIS Pro project? (e.g. *.docx is the file extension of a Microsoft Word document).

*.aprx

In regard to using Model Builder to create a model, what is a PARAMETER?

A model variable that the user of the geospatial model can establish or set to customize the model.

Select the statement below that is FALSE concerning a Layer File.

A Layer File contains source data, such as attributes and features without needing a path to the source data set, like a feature class.

what are the three primary types of spatial characteristics that a location query searches for? 9

-their adjacency -if they contain the other feature -their proximity or closeness to each other

A good DOP value (low number) is acquired when...? 10

...satellites are positioned at various locations throughout the visible sky, with some overhead and others spread out in all directions.

What is the process to export your map as a jpg or pdf file to your file folders?

1. Click the Share tab from the top ribbon 2. Click the Map button from the Export group 3. Choose a file name, file type, file location, and resolution 4. Click Export

What are the benefits associated with using a RASTER encoded data model?

1. Faster analysis processing 2. Better for representing continuous phenomena 3. Great for image files

How does one turn on/off a map layer using ArcGIS Pro?

1. From the Contents pane 2. Click on the checkbox next to the layer name to turn on or off the layer in the map

How is the surface (terrain surface) of the 3D scene exaggerated so that the scene appears more hilly?

1. From the Contents pane click on an elevation surface 2. From the Elevation Surface tab, select appearance 3. Change the vertical exaggeration by typing in the amount greater than 1.00.

Which of the following choices is not a means to access the attributes of a feature (e.g. polygon) using ArcGIS Pro?

1. From the Insert tab 2. Select Toolbox 3. Choose Feature Attributes

Using ArcGIS Pro, which of the following choices explains how to successfully create a new feature class within an existing geodatabase?

1. Open the Catalog pane. 2. Navigate to an existing geodatabase. 3. Rightclick on the geodatabase 4. Choose New > Feature Class

Data layers used in the map can be organized by their drawing order, determining which layers draw on top or below other layers. Explain how to arrange the drawing order of the map layers.

1. Open the Contents pane 2. Click on the List by Drawing Order button 3. Grab layers with a leftclick, drag and drop them in the order you wish for them to draw.

How does one use ArcGIS Pro to create or insert a new map?

1. Select the Insert tab 2. Navigate to the Project group 3. Click the New Map button or dropdown menu

GPS consists of three distinct segments. What are they? 10

1. Space 2. Control 3. User

In lecture, you were provided with FGDC compliant metadata for Wisconsin County Boundaries. The metadata may also be found using this link (https://www.arcgis.com/sharing/rest/content/items/8b8a0896378449538cf1138a969afbc6/info/metadata/metadata.xm format=default&output=html) . What is the scale of this data set? 5

1:24000

What is the minimum number of satellites necessary to provide the user segment with a reasonable positional fix by adjusting for timing signal errors? 10

4

he Wisconsin PLSS survey is referenced to which boundaries or lines? 11

4th Principal Meridian and Wisconsin's southern boundary with Illinois

When was it commonly accepted that the earth was spherical in shape? 6

500240 BC

According to lecture (Bill Huxhold and IBM cited), how much of the world's information has a spatial or geographic component?

80%

What is buffering? Explain the different types of buffers 9

A buffer is a proximity analysis that defines a region that is equal to a specified distance from a feature - point, line or polygon Simple buffers dissolved Compound buffer with overlap Nested buffers

What is a feature class?

A collection of vector geographic features, each having the same representation type, same spatial reference, and common attribute categories.

Choose the best description for the term Table Cardinality. 8

A relationship between an origin table (standalone table) and a destination table (GIS attribute table) that specifies the number of records in the origin table that relate to the number of records in the destination table.

Which of the following responses is not one of the characteristics of the Mercator projection? 7

A straight line drawn on the map represents the shortest distance path or great circle route.

Choose the best description of scale dependent encoding. 5

Accuracy of data in a GIS is dependent on the scale of the source data, not how closely one zooms in on the source data.

Using ArcGIS Pro, which edit tool uses data from the ESRI World Geocoder (or any Geocoder) to convert a located point to a point feature in a feature class? You have already used the Locate button to open the Locate pane. You have already used the Create button to begin an edit session, opening the Create Features pane.

Add to Feature Class from the Locate pane.

Which of the following statements are true about the buffer tool?

All of the statements are true about the buffer tool.

Complete the following phrase so that the statement is true. The proximity toolset contains tools for...

Analyzing distances between and around features.

What is a column in the GIS attribute table is referred to as? 8

Attribute Category or Data Field

Which of the following choices is an interval attribute? mod 3

Average January Temperature = 26 degrees

When editing features on the map, what keyboard key allows you to pan across the map while still using the create features tool?

C

Select the choice that includes two representation/measurement systems that describe the location component of GIS data.

Cartesian or planar coordinate systems Latitude and Longitude

Select each of the observations that Aristotle made or described that helps to confirm that the earth is a spheroid? 6

Changes in position on Earth resulted in changes in celestial objects visible in the sky. Ships disappeared on the horizon bow first instead of just getting smaller with distance. Celestial objects have circular movement in the sky. Celestial objects are circular in shape.

Which of the following choices is an ordinal attribute? mod 3

City Population Rank = 20th

How does the Geospatial Analyst determine the spatial accuracy of a data set? Choose the best response.

Compare the data set to a data set of higher order accuracy and known quality.

Explore ArcGIS Pro beyond the tutorial. Go to the Geoprocessing tools and search for INTERSECT. What does INTERSECT do? Use ArcGIS Pro help if necessary.

Computes a geometric intersection of the input features. Features or portions of features which overlap in all layers and/or feature classes will be written to the output feature class.

Explore ArcGIS Pro beyond the tutorial. Go to Geoprocessing tools and search for UNION. What does UNION do? Use ArcGIS Pro Help if necessary.

Computes a geometric union of the input features. All features and their attributes will be written to the output feature class.

How does one create a chart (bar chart) using ArcGIS Pro?

Contents Pane > Right click on the layer you want to create a chart for > Click Create Chart.

Which is an example of an isarithmic map?

Contour lines showing places of equal elevation

The Geospatial Revolution Part 1 described a process to outsource the mapping of streets, aid locations, and demolished buildings, among other phenomena to large groups of people through an appeal on the internet. What is this process referred to as

Crowdsourcing

Name the early Greek who measured the circumference of the earth using the distance between Alexandria and Syene and the angle of a shadow cast by an obelisk. 6

Eratosthenes

Of the six components of a Geographic Information System, which is the most expensive? mod 4

Data (creation)

Setting a minimum mapping unit is an example of which type of data error? 5

Data Concept

A satellite's ephemeris data reports what to the control and user segments? 10

Data of that satellite's orbit, position, and velocity. Clock corrections and satellite health are also sent.

Using ArcGIS Pro, what is the name of the tool that converts a table of Lat/Long coordinates into a point feature class that can be visualized on the map?

Display XY Data > XY Table to Point

What are the characteristics of a SMALL scale map?

Displays a large geographic area (continent).

In regard to land partitioning, which of the following tasks is the Register of Deeds Office responsible for? 11

Document real estate records and legal property descriptions.

Why does the PLSS need correction lines? 11

Due to the earth's curvature, a series of lines surveyed to the north tend to slowly converge. Correction lines correct for the earth's curvature.

Which of the following GIS software vendors dominates the GIS industry?

ERSI

Precision measures how close the locations of mapped objects correspond to their true locations on the earth, while accuracy measures how consistently those results are achieved.

False

True or False? A PLSS township boundary is 6miles by 6miles always and exactly. 11

False

True or False? The 6mile by 6mile surveyed PLSS boundary is referred to as a Town Boundary. 11

False

True or False? The entire land mass of the United States is partitioned using the PLSS. Areas originally mapped using metes and bounds, french long lots, and other systems were eventually resurveyed using PLSS. 11

False

Using a GIS to zoomin beyond the scale of a source data set improves the accuracy of the source data? For example, if you zoomin to 1:2000 using ArcGIS Pro, the accuracy of a 1:24,000 scale Digital Raster Graphic (DRG) improves from +40 feet to +3 feet. 5

False

VECTOR is always more accurate than RASTER, because it represents features more smoothly. mod 3

False

If you wish to create a feature class that meets one or more of the following conditions, where must it be stored? Participates in a topology Participates in a geometric network Shares the same spatial reference as other feature classes 4

Feature Dataset

Which of the following data files are in a VECTOR format? mod 3

Feature class

Which United States federal agency is responsible for metadata standards? 5

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)

Which institution is responsible for creating a set of accuracy standards and distribution standards for GIS Data?

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)

Select the land partioning method that is best described by the following definition/characterization. Settlements usually occurred near water and rivers. Long thin parcels were formed to allow access to river navigation. 11

French Long Lots

When symbolizing by Unique Values, what are the values for the symbology derived from? Where do the values for the symbology come from?

From the attributes in the feature's/layer's attribute table.

Which of the following terms is defined as a container for storing a collection of geographic datasets (raster or vector), scripts, tables, and behaviors? 4

Geodatabase

Which of the following terms is defined as "the branch of mathematics and land survey which determines the size and shape of Earth"? 6

Geodesy

The geoid is a surface used to measure what phenomena? 6

Gravity and elevation, including variations in gravity and elevation.

Which of the following is not a good Associative Color choice for the feature it is intended to represent?

Green for highquality agricultural soils.

What are the six components of a GIS as described in lecture?

Hardware/Software/Data/People/Institutions/Procedures/Network

The Geospatial Revolution Episode 4 described the London cholera outbreak of 1854. John Snow M.D. reasoned that Cholera was a waterborne illness. How did he come to this realization?

He mapped the locations of family deaths and the pumps where families acquired drinking water. When the broadstreet pump handle was removed (the hypothesized source of infection), cholera deaths slowed dramatically.

The Geospatial Revolution Episode 3 described that modern warfare requires geospatial intelligence and precise coordinates. The "BuckEye" program uses LiDAR and an electro optical camera that is capable of measuring all of the following except which?

Human/Ethnic Geography

f a projection has a tangent case relationship, where does the developable surface touch the generating globe if the aspect is polar? 7

If planar, it touches at a single point at either pole. If conical, it touches along a single line of latitude.

In ArcGIS Pro, a 3D map is called, what?

In ArcGIS Pro, a 3D map is called, what?

With a layout active, from which ribbon tab can the user add a map frame, north arrow, scale bar, or legend to your layout?

Insert

With a layer selected from the Contents pane, and from the Feature Layer tab > Appearance tab, what does the Visibility Range group do?

It establishes the zoom in and zoom out scales at which the map layer is visible in the map.

Why do cartographers impose false eastings and northings in projected coordinate systems? 7

It is easier to make measurements in quadrant 1 of the Cartesian grid so that measurements always remain positive.

Choose the best term for the following definition. The attribute category that is common to both the origin and destination tables, and is used to JOIN or RELATE the origin table to the destination table. 8

Key or Primary Key

Name the projection that has the following characteristics: If polar, the developable surface touches along a single parallel if tangent, or two parallels if secant. It is widely used for EastWest trending places. At 1:500000, a straight line on the map is close to the great circle route. 7

Lambert Conformal Conic

Which map element explains the symbolization used on the map?

Legend

The Geospatial Revolution Episode 2 described a technology used by the City of Portland to capture 3D data of the city useful for modeling the visual impacts of new buildings on the skyline and shadow scape. What is this technology referred to as?

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)

How does LiDAR capture data that represents bare earth elevations and the location and height of objects on the bare earth? 4

LiDAR emits laser light which bounces off the objects it touches and then is reflected back to the LiDAR unit. LiDAR emitted from aircraft measures the altitude, tilt, yaw, roll, pitch, and global position of the aircraft, and then measures the time it takes for the laser light to leave the craft and return. This creates an X, Y, Z measurement of each object the light touches.

When the area of interest is small (covering a small geographic footprint), which 3D mode is best for viewing?

Local

GIS data have three components. What are they? mod 3

Location, Temporal, Attribute

isualize Latitude and Longitude on a Cartesian coordinate plane. Draw a diagram if necessary. Which plane is latitude on? Which plane is longitude on?

Longitude is on the X Plane Latitude is on the Y Plane

Concerning geospatial data error, what is the job of the Geospatial Analyst? 5

Manage data for error that is acceptable to the task at hand.

Choose the term that is defined as "a geometrical transformation of the earth's spherical surface onto a flat surface." 7

Map Projection

A cadastre map is used for what purpose?

Map property boundaries, define the rights and responsibilities associated with land ownership for the purpose of taxation.

What are the eight spatial analytic functions and the 10 analytic questions that a GIS can address? 9

Measurement functions: How far is it? How large is it? Location functions: Where is it? Condition functions: What locations fit specific conditions? Proximity functions: What is near it? What is adjacent to it? Patterns: What spatial patterns exist? Routing: Which is the best way? What is the shortest path? Which route takes the least amount of time to travel? Trends: What has changed since? Modeling: What if...?

What is the purpose of the Control Segment? 10

Monitor the ephemeris data from satellites to track their positions and velocity in space. Synchronize the atomic clocks on board the constellation of satellites. Monitor the function (health) of satellites. All of the responses describe the purpose of the Control Segment.

The Explore tool is a commonly used and versatile tool in ArcGIS Pro. What does it allow you to do? See an image of the button below.

Move around the map and get information about features of interest on the map.

The GPS error that occurs from timing signals bouncing off of objects before being received by the user segment is called what? 10

Multipath error

in a 3D Scene, what do the N and P keyboard keys do?

N returns the view to North P returns the view to Perpendicular of the ground (facing directly downward)

Choose the response below that best and comprehensively explains how to create new attribute categories (data fields) to a feature class using ArcGIS Pro.

Neither choice correctly explains how to add an attribute category to a feature class. not correct answer

Using ArcGIS Pro, are edits the user makes to an attribute table automatically saved?

No. The user must choose Save from the Edit Tab to save edits to the attribute table. However, the user will be prompted to Save if they fail to remember this step.

Which of the following responses describes 1M table cardinality? Hint: remember that cardinality relationships are described opposite to how they are conducted. 8

One record in the destination table (GIS attribute table) is related to many records from the origin table (standalone table).

Why should the analyst avoid using numbers with ordinal data scales? Choose the best response.

Ordinal values describe the characteristics of a phenomenon. Numbers are used, but only as codes designed to make the database smaller.

Geospatial metadata is used to describe which characteristics of GIS data? Choose the best response. 5

Process steps used to create the data, including the source data. Who created the data. When the data was created. All of the choices describe uses for Geospatial Metadata.

Which of the following choices is a popular Open Source of GIS desktop software?

QGIS

Township or Range? Surveyed along meridians at 6mile intervals in the east west directions. 11

Range

When a hardcopy map is scanned using a large format scanner, what type of GIS data model is created? 4

Raster

Which office or department is responsible for documenting (recording) records so that they are legally binding and for providing public access to documents. 11

Register of Deeds

Select the term that best fits the following definition. Something that stands in for something else in the environment, portrays it, and is both a likeness and a simplified model of it.

Representation

From the ArcGIS Pro Map tab, located in the Navigate group, what do Bookmarks do? See an image of the button below.

Returns the map or scene to a particular scale and location.

Which of the following choices provides the correct PLSS land location description for the highlighted parcel? 11

SE 1/4 of the NW1/4 of Section 27, T24N, R7E

Which of the following choices is not an example of a primary data capture technique?

Scanning a hard copy map

Which of the following choices is not an example of a primary data capture technique? mod 4

Scanning a hard copy map

Select the most appropriate definition for cartography.

Select the most appropriate definition for cartography.

Complete the following phrase so that the statement is true. The Select by Location tool...

Selects features in one layer based on a spatial relationship to features in another layer.

Which GIS component is defined by the programming languages and scripting that administer geospatial functions?

Software

Which of the following choices is a nominal attribute? mod 3

State Bird = Robin

What is the name of the projecting light source that emanates from the antipode of where the generating globe touches the developable surface? 7

Stereographic

Select each of the characteristics of a choropleth map. There is more than one correct response.

Symbolizes administrative boundaries (states) by quantitative values It is a type of graduated color map.

the Geospatial Revolution Episode 2 stated that UPS (United Parcel Service) spends $1B on technology annually. They use a combination of remote sensing (e.g. GPS on trucks) and telecommunications to gather and analyze data in real or near realtime. This process helps find more efficient routes for drivers and accomplish on demand pickups. What is this process referred to as?

Telematics

Select the responses below that accurately describe Geographic Information Science. There will be more than 1 correct response.

The GISc body of knowledge includes information about how computer algorithms represent Earth's features, as well as how Geographic Information Systems affect humans. GISc has a body of knowledge

Why is Earth not a perfect sphere? 6

The centrifugal force of a spinning Earth about its axis create a bulging effect creating a spheroid with an elongated semi major axis about the equator.

Which of the following responses accurately describes a characteristic of the Transverse Mercator Projection? 7

The developable surface is cylindrical and touches the generating globe along a pair of meridians of the cartographer's choosing.

Select the response that best describes oblique aspect. 7

The developable surface, if planar, touches the generating globe at a location between a pole and the equator.

Why is topology important to a GIS? Choose the best response 4

The earth is a spheroidal object, but it is often represented on flat maps. Topology maintains geographic relationships as cartographers bend, stretch and warp the spheroidal earth onto a flat map. Topology provides a set of rules that help GIS analysts validate the geographic relationships among features such as their proximity, containment, or adjacency. It's useful for creating topologically accurate data. All the responses provide valid reasons why topology is important to GIS.

Why are multiple ellipsoids used to approximate the size and shape of Earth? Choose each appropriate answer. 6

The earth's shape varies globally. Some ellipsoids are better fits for certain parts of the earth. Many ellipsoids were created before it was reasonable to cross the oceans to develop global ellipsoids. Different survey methods and measurement systems limited the ability to combine them into a single ellipsoid.

What is the most important 'element' of a map?

The main map figure.

Choose the best description for the term Normalization. 8

The organization of database tables in a manner that reduces data redundancy by dividing larger tables into smaller tables and linking them using a common relationship.

What is the result of a datum shift? 6

The physcial benchmark monument remains in the same position, but how that location is referenced on the map is changed.

Dilution of Precision or DOP is a measure of what? 10

The quality one should expect of GPS signals based solely upon the geometric arrangement of the satellites in the sky.

Why is it important to note the location where the developable surface touches or intersects the generating globe? 7

The scale factor is 1.0 between the map and generating globe, so distortion is at its least.

What guidelines should you use to determine if data is interval or ratio?

The unit of measure (e.g. feet or meters) is arbitrary for both The origin of measure is fixed for ratio, but arbitrary for interval data

Which definition best describes a horizontal datum? 6

Tied to a reference ellipsoid, a horizontal datum is a set of painstakingly measured points, marked with physical benchmarks. Horizontal datums are used to help reference other geographic locations.

In which ways are errors introduced into remotely sensed aerial photography? Select all that apply. There is more than one correct response.

Tilt of the camera/camera angle Terrain variation Imperfections in the camera or lens

Which of the following methods captures the coordinates of an unknown location by measuring angles and distances to that location from other locations with known coordinate values.

Topography survey

A gap, overlap, or dangling node are examples of which type of GIS data error? 5

Topology

A 1:24,000 map is at a larger scale than a 1:500,000 map.

True

A map is always a simplification or abstraction of reality.

True

A shapefile is a feature class that is stored outside of a geodatabase. 4

True

Data and maps shared to ArcGIS Online can be accessed from a SmartPhone (e.g. Iphone7s) with access to WiFi or cellular/data service.

True

Data shared to ArcGIS Online as a web map can be downloaded from a web browser (e.g. Google Chrome).

True

Land Information defined by WI state statute includes such information such as soil erosion, geology, minerals, vegetation, and land cover. 11

True

Publishing geospatial metadata online makes your data searchable by other potential users. 5

True

The GIS function called JOIN or ADD JOIN should be used only for the 11 and the M1 table cardinality relationships. It should never be used for the 1 M and MM table cardinality relationships. 8

True

When digitizing from a base map, the job of the GIS Analyst is to use modern methods to create data that improves the spatial accuracy of the source data.

True

Compare and contrast the following overlay techniques: Union, Intersect, Identity, Clip and Erase. What happens to the locations and attributes of data inputs after conducting each of the overlay methods.

Union-Overlay operation that combines the locations and attributes of each layer. All locations and attributes are retained. Intersect-Overlay operation that combines the locations and attributes of each layer, but only where the layers directly overlap with each other. Identity-Overlay operation that identifies the locations where the identity layer overlaps with the base layer. Result creates an output layer in which the geographic area and extent is identical to the base layer and the intersection of the identity layer is recognized. The attributes of the identity layer are added to the output layer. Clip-Clip is an extraction operation that cuts out the features in the input layer that overlay with the clip layer. The clip layer acts as a cookie cutter. The result of this operation creates a new output layer that includes land use features that reside within municipal boundaries. Land uses that fall outside municipal boundaries are discarded. Erase-Erase is an overlay operation that eliminates the features of an input layer where it overlaps with the erase features. The result is new output layer that includes land use features that reside outside the municipal boundaries. Land uses contained inside municipal boundaries are discarded (erased).

Name the coordinate system that has the following characteristics: 60, 6degree zones Not used for the polar regions Origin on the Y Plane for the northern hemisphere is the equator. Units are in meters. The central meridian of every zone is 500,000 meters E. 7

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

Complete the following phrase. In constructing an attribute query using the Standard Query Language, set algebra... 8

Uses symbols of >, <, =, <> (not equal to) to create an expression.

When using digitizing techniques (tabletop or headsup digitizing) to create data, what GIS data model results? 4

Vector

Why did the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources invent the Wisconsin Transverse Mercator coordinate system? 7

Wisconsin trends in the North/South direction and nearly fits within a single 6 degree zone, suitable to UTM. UTM covers Wisconsin but in two zones, 15 and 16N. WTM moves 500,000 meters E over the 90 meridian, creating a UTM zone 15 1/2 for Wisconsin.

3D features (points, lines, or polygons) represent location in three dimensional space. Twodimensional horizontal space is represented by the X Plane and the Y Plane. What is the third dimension, or the vertical dimension referred to as? mod 1

ZPlane

What role does the Wisconsin Land Information Association play as a GIS institution?

advocates for policies and programs that advance statewide land information systems.

Latitude makes measurements equivalent to the X Plane. Longitude makes measurements equivalent to the Y Plane. As necessary, draw a diagram to help you visualize the question. 6

false

Complete the following sentence. Select the phrase that is best suited to the topic. Good thematic maps...

generally concentrate on a single theme, and no more than two themes so long as they are related.

A map is in balance when...

map elements are evenly distributed across the layout page.

What are cartographic design controls?

the limitations afforded to the cartographer that affect map design.

A map is in focus when...

the main map figure is located near the optical center of the map layout.