Global Issues Test 1

What is the byline at the top of the first slide on the "Overall Descriptions" tutorial?

"A dynamic, holistic tool that allows users to undertake insightful, clinical diagnoses of countries and international topics."

'The Afghanistan Papers' exposes the U.S.'s shaky Afghanistan strategy

(My discussion post, what you wrote could work too) The concepts covered in the Realizeit lessons went over topics such as global security and terrorism. Global security can be seen using two different lenses: traditional security vs human security. Traditional security can be described as a country's military strength and influence. Human security can be described as the condition of the people from violent/non-violent threats. When a tragedy occurs, it is more likely that a country will respond with force without thinking about the long-term consequences. This can be seen in the PBS article, "'The Afghanistan Papers' exposes the U.S.'s shaky Afghanistan strategy," as the US went to war against Afghanistan in response to the 9/11 attacks. The US invaded Afghanistan due to the belief that Al Qaeda was using the country as a safe haven. This can be seen as a use of traditional security as the US used its military strength to invade an overseas country. However, as mentioned in the article, "the U.S. government didn't know what it was doing in Afghanistan, it didn't have a strategy, and it misled the American people of how the war was going for 20 years." This would mean that the US did consider any long-term plans and did not take human security into consideration. There were over hundreds of thousands of casualties during this war, including American troops and Afghan civilians. Millions are impoverished and struggle due to the instability caused by the war.

"Repression Without Borders"

(My discussion post, what you wrote could work too) The concepts covered in the Realizeit lessons went over topics such as sovereignty and nationalism. Nationalism can be described as the powerful driving force that promotes the interests of one's country. Anything can promote nationalism, including language, ethnicity, citizenship, religion, or even just geography. With nationalism being a huge part of one's identity, it is understandable that it can lead to many outcomes, whether desirable or undesirable. This can be seen in the New York Times article, "Repression without Borders," as authoritarian leaders will go to extreme lengths to silence criticism. Focusing on one example provided in the article, Jamal Khashoggi, a prominent critic of the Saudi leadership, was murdered by Saudi agents in Istanbul, Turkey. As his comments criticized the Saudi government, many were understandably angered as it went against their beliefs and sense of nationalism. They would have justified his death as he was seen as "going against the country." This would explain why they would have crossed geographical borders, from Saudi Arabia to Turkey, to hunt down a dissident. This is just a small-scale effect of nationalism. Nationalism can also lead to genocides of huge groups like the Holocuast, as discussed in the Realizeit lesson.

Iraq has seen tremendous turmoil for decades. The U.S. hoped that its toppling of Saddam Hussein with international partners in the 2000s (costing U.S. taxpayers over $1 trillion) might lead to better governance in the troubled country, but the radar chart above depicts one of the most poorly governed countries in the world. Recreate the chart and hover above the dots to match the RCII scores out of 1000 for Iraq across each of the "Governance" dimensions.

- 120 out of 1000: "Overall Governance" - 170 out of 1000: "Government Effectiveness" - 195 out of 1000: "Regulatory Quality" - 87 out of 1000: "Control of Corruption" - 35 out of 1000: "Political Stability and Absence of Violence" - 237 out of 1000: "Voice and Accountability" - 99 out of 1000: "Rule of Law"

Match the events to the dates

- 1914: Beginning of WW1 - 1917: U.S. enters WW1 - 1918: End of WW1 - 1937: Japanese invasion of China (begin WWII in Asia) - 1939: Germany invades Poland (begin WWII in Europe) - 1941: Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor; U.S. enters WWII - 1945: End of WWII

Under the traditional concept of security (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers

- A country's military and its size and strength are primary factors in security considerations - Countries focus on protecting themselves against military foreign attacks - Lack of war, or negative security, is at the base of national security

How does a virus get onto a computer (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- A user can be lured to install a fake program that releases a virus (e.g., a prompt to install a fake security update) - A software already on your computer has a vulnerability that allows an attacker entry to spread a virus

Vertical proliferation of conventional weapons is (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)

- A way for states to modernize their military capabilities - The oldest form of proliferation

Globalization can (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Allow for opportunities to learn about other cultures - Help create jobs in poor countries

Nationalism and Religion (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Are generally considered the only two forces that can legitimate social violence (as opposed to personal violence) - Can be considered the two most powerful forms of identification in the world today

Which of the following are reasons why weapons proliferation is a concern (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Arms stockpiling means more weapons to use in more conflicts - When states spend money on weapons and armies, they may be diverting resources from needed social programs

According to the video, what are the essentials in the toolbox of diplomacy? (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)

- Attraction - Coercion

Sovereignty (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Can be seen in a positive form when a state fairly and effectively enforces traffic laws - Can be seen in a negative form when a repressive state throws a person in jail for trumped up or fabricated reasons - Is seen when a state deports immigrants who have illegally crossed borders fleeing violence or looking for a better life

Which of the following is correct about the international response to the COVID-19 outbreak (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers) ?

- China instituted harsh lockdown measures to stop the spread of the virus - The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the COVAX initiative designed to get public private partnerships to help provide vaccines across the world - Leaders in Spain and Italy struggled to respond to the crush of infections in early 2020

Which of the following are examples that illustrate the multifaceted and interconnected nature of security (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- Civil wars can lead to a refugee crisis in a neighboring state - The top ten causes of death worldwide are diseases and not war - Outbreak of a disease in one country can spread to other countries (and not just neighboring ones)

In addition to millions of other people, how many Jews were murdered by Nazi Germany and its collaborators (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Close to two out of every three Jews in Europe were murdered - Close to 6 million Jews were murdered (out of the estimated 9 million in Europe)

In India (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Crematoriums have been running out of space for the victims of this virus because of a surge in cases - The analyst notes that: "health care workers ... have been sent in to fight a nuclear war with a stick" - Prime Minister Modi refused to stop holding large political rallies and allowed for a huge Hindu religious festival to take place

Why is cyber-activity so attractive to criminals and terrorists (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- Cyber-attacks are easier to carry out than traditional military operations - Even when security experts try to stay ahead of online criminal activity, new websites, malicious worms, or viruses can be created very quickly - The internet can be used for many activities that can keep an illegal or terrorist organization going (e.g. fundraising, communication, training, etc.)

Match the following key points to the time period.

- Decline of French and British empires: World War II - Beginning of the Holocaust: Inter-war years (period between the wars) - Pearl Harbor: World War II - Trench warfare: World War I - End of Austro-Hungarian Empire: World War I - Rise of Nazi Party in Germany: Inter-war years (period between the wars) - Use of mustard gas: World War I - Japanese invasion of China: World War II - Collapse of Ottoman empire: World War I

What other virus outbreaks did the world experience in the two decades prior to the Covid-19 pandemic (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- Ebola - West Nile - Zika

Russian interference in the 2016 and 2020 U.S. presidential elections shows how information flows are a pivotal part of globalization. Using the RCII map of "ICT Adoption" below (ICT stands for information and communications technologies), what can be inferred (select all that apply)? Note, if you need to recall which country is which on the map, open the RCII and hover above the country.

- Europe has more "ICT Adoption" than Africa - China has more "ICT Adoption" than India

What were some of the earliest reasons why North Korea wanted nuclear weapons (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Fear of an American nuclear attack (in 1950 President Truman stated that there had been "active consideration" to use an atomic bomb against North Korea) - The conviction that the only way for them to survive was to develop the most powerful weapon in the world

Which of the following countries had joined the nuclear club by the mid-1960s (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- France - Great Britain - China

What was the relationship between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union by the time the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- German forces had advanced deep into Soviet territory - The Germans and other Axis Powers had invaded the Soviet Union

Some criticisms of globalization include (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Globalization has increased the forces of "disintegration", for example, as seen in anti-globalization populist leaders - The flow of information is often "one-directional," from developed countries to developing countries

The French Revolution (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Greatly strengthened the idea of popular sovereignty - Was a catalyst for the spread of nationalism throughout Europe and, gradually, the rest of the world - Was an important moment in setting the roots of modern nationalism

John Bassett (select all that apply there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Has tried to adapt to globalization by changing the production techniques at his furniture factories in Virginia

Evidence of globalization can be found (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- In the spread of COVID-19 across the world - With the spread of air pollution from China - When Atlanta Braves jerseys are found outside the United States

International Governmental Organizations or IGOs (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Include such organizations as the United Nations and the World Bank - Are formed by countries to achieve common goals that they cannot solve on their own

Individuals serving as actors on the world stage include (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Industry leaders, such as Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg - Political leaders, such as Joe Biden and Xi Jinping - Social activists such as Leymah Gbowee and Greta Thunberg

A state (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Is a political unit that has sovereignty over a geographic area - Is synonymous with a country - Has roots in the Treaty of Westphalia of 1648

Usage of the internet (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Is undertaken by a significant majority of the populations in Europe and North America - Is rapidly increasing in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East

Cultural Imperialism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Is where dominant groups (primarily in wealthier countries) press their culture on othe

What were the significant milestones North Korea reached in 2017 (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- It had its most powerful nuclear test (estimated at 250 kilotons) - It test-fired its first intercontinental ballistic missiles, capable of reaching Alaska

Which of the following are risks associated with an unconditional withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- It may reduce the impetus for the Taliban to go to the negotiating table - Withdrawal can create a power vacuum for groups like ISIS to fill - The progress made for women and girls in Afghanistan could be at risk

The Cold War was "cold" because (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- It never led to a military confrontation involving the actual territory of the two superpowers - It never led to an outright war between the superpowers in Europe

What does the planned 2021 U.S. troop withdrawal tell us about U.S. foreign policy (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- It represents a recognition in America that it has achieved what it can achieve in Afghanistan - It indicates a pivot in U.S. foreign policy away from focusing on international terrorist groups (such as al Qaeda) and towards competitors and adversaries (such as China and Russia)

What are sources of identity that can contribute to a sense of nationalism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Language - Geographic proximity - Ethnicity - Feelings of civic community - Religion - Historical memory

Which of the following illustrates the relationship between war, poverty and the spreading of disease as shown in the PBS video on the Syrian civil war (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- Lockdowns are difficult to enforce when closed markets mean no income - One box of masks in Syria costs twice a day's wage

A founding objective of the United Nations is to (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Maintain peace and security - Promote economic development and human rights

Which of the following are examples of the "opportunity costs" of military spending in terms of the loss of resources for potential civilian uses (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Many states that spend more on the military and less on social programs fall far short of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals - There is no relationship between high military expenditure, low spending on social welfare programs, and how well a country ranks in education, poverty or life expectancy - Authoritarian states spend more on their militaries than on healthcare

Which of the following are key provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Nuclear weapons states will not transfer nuclear weapons to other states - All nuclear weapons states will pursue general disarmament - States without nuclear weapons will not try to make or otherwise obtain nuclear weapons

Nationalism is (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- One of the most important forms of human identity - A shared sense of identity that has a purpose of gaining or keeping control of a group's destiny - A force that arises from different sources, such as shared ethnicity, language, religion, culture, and history

The drawing of state borders on maps during the age of exploration and colonialism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Paved the way for rulers to exert sovereignty over specific areas, as opposed to the fuzzy boundaries found under feudalism - Led to the enhancement of sovereignty and national identity in world affairs

Which of the following came about because of proliferation concerns (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- President Obama's efforts to negotiate a nuclear deal with Iran - Confrontation with North Korea and Iran over their WMD programs - President Trump's face-to-face meeting with Kim Jong-un

What are key reasons why states build weapons of mass destruction (select all that apply; there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Prestige - Security

Which of the following concepts were part of the post-WWI blueprint for international cooperation (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Readjustment of territories and the creation of new states - The principle of national self-determination - The creation of the League of Nations

Which of the following countries voluntary gave up their nuclear weapons programs (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- South Africa - Kazakhstan - Belarus

Which of the following are examples of how vertical proliferation can challenge security (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Spending money on stockpiling weapons can divert funds from social programs - Arms buildups provide more weapons for governments and groups to engage in conflicts - While more weapons might make one state feel more secure, it can decrease other states' sense of security

What influenced the horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons during the Cold War (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Superpower rivalry - Quest for security and prestige - Regional competition (rivalry between neighbors)

Rifkin argues that (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Technology helps us "eliminate time and space" and build empathy beyond religious and national ties - Our social consciousness evolves and we can extend it to the entire biosphere, allowing us to survive as a species

Human security requires recognizing (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- That there are multiple and interconnected causes of insecurity - The fact that some of the main causes of death today are not from wars - That in addition to a lack of war, security needs to ensure that basic human needs are met - The importance of nonmilitary threats to security, including human rights abuses, environmental degradation, health issues, migration flows, poverty and more

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- The U.S. spends three times less on its military than its next nearest potential competitor (China) - The U.S. is the only country that has a sizeable conventional arsenal - More of the US military spending goes towards nuclear weapons than towards troops and conventional weapons

The interconnection between Covid-19 and globalization can be seen in (select all that apply there are one to four possible correct answers):

- The disruption of global food supplies - The temporary reduction of greenhouse gas emissions - The spread of the virus from China into a global pandemic

Which of the following are examples of nationalism as a powerful force (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- The ongoing struggle of the Kurds for autonomy or even their own state - The feelings of national pride and preeminence that spurred European colonization throughout the developing world - The sense of shared identity that sparked oppressed peoples to overthrow their colonizers from India to Africa - The strong sense of superiority felt in Nazi Germany, leading to the death of millions - The anticolonial movements that helped lead to the increase in the number of states from 57 in 1900 to almost 200 today - The creation of the United Nations, in as much as it was meant to restrain the destructive tendencies of nationalism

Which of the following are fears associated with the planned 2021 withdrawal of U.S. forces from Afghanistan (select all that apply, there are one to four correct answers)?

- The possibility of a civil war beyond current levels of violence - The price of peace may mean giving in to more Taliban demands - That the Taliban want to recreate their repressive Islamic emirate of the 1990s

Nationalism can be seen in (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- The push by the Kurdish people for self-determination - Gandhi's drive for independence from Great Britain before and after WWII - The singing of the national anthem at baseball games - Nazi repression of Jews, Gypsies, and others during WWI

Anti-State nationalism can be considered: (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)

- The type of nationalism that sparked uprisings against the Dutch in Indonesia after WWII - The ideology of people who want to overthrow what they see as an illegitimate government - A driving force of anti-colonialism

Which of the following are common factors of terrorism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- The violence is premeditated and political - Attacks are justified by the belief that they will transform the political landscape in a beneficial way - Attacks are concentrated against civilians and/or noncombatants

While all aspects of globalization are interconnected, examples of "economic globalization" include (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- The wide variety of choices consumers have when they go to the store - The creation of jobs by Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in poorer countries with cheaper labor

What was the relationship between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union when the German army invaded Poland on September 1, 1939 (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- They had agreed to divide territories in Poland and Eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence - They had signed a non-aggression pact and agreed not to attack each other

Which of the following is INCORRECT about conventional weapons (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- They have been used less often in conflict than weapons of mass destruction - They are not a threat to international security

What was the purpose behind the Iran Deal (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- To prevent Iran from being able to produce nuclear weapons - To limit Iran's nuclear activities in return for a lifting of some economic sanctions

Which of the following countries possess nuclear weapons (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- U.K. - North Korea - India - France - Russia

Civic Nationalism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers):

- Unites society through such factors as territory, citizenship, and legal rights - Is a more inclusive nationalism than ethnic nationalism - Has examples such as the United States and Canada

What is the difference between horizontal and vertical weapons proliferation (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- Vertical proliferation is the stockpiling of weapons within a state - Vertical proliferation is when a state's military develops its own nuclear weapons program - Vertical proliferation is when a state modernizes its weapons stockpile - Horizontal proliferation is when one state buys weapons from another state - Horizontal proliferation is the spread of weapons and weapons technology across state borders

Which of the following are true about Vietnam's response to the virus (select all that apply, there are one to four possible answers)?

- Vietnam's shelter in place and social distancing restrictions were strictly enforced - Some of the steps the Vietnamese government took would be seen as draconian in the West - Vietnam was very aggressive because the government knew its health care system could quickly become overwhelmed

Which of the following is an example of horizontal weapons proliferation (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)?

- When Israel sells American anti-tank missiles to Iran. - When Brazil equips its army with Russian attack helicopters

What is the raw data value that is blocked out in this Country Profile drill down of the United States (use the drill down on the Country Profile tile/tab)?

1.65%

At the height of U.S. military presence, how many U.S. service members were in Afghanistan?

100,000

How many states voted in the General Assembly to adopt the 2017 treaty to ban nuclear weapons?

122

What are the blocked out rank and score for South Korea on "Birth Rate" (keep in mind this information can be found in multiple tabs in the RCII)?

125, 71

What are the blocked out rank and score for "Gender Inequality and Integrity" in Pakistan (use the Rankings tile/tab, but keep in mind this information can be found on multiple tabs in the RCII)?

128, 1

When did the Holocaust take place?

1933-1945

When did the United States enter World War II?

1941

When did the US negotiate a Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the Soviet Union?

1960s

When did North Korea withdraw from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)?

2003

When did North Korea have its first nuclear test?

2006

The "Arab Spring" uprisings seeking more democracy and social justice in the Middle East started in 2010 in Tunisia and spread to several other countries. In Syria, what began as a series of mass protests against the harshly repressive and corrupt government of Bashar al-Assad turned into a highly complex and devastating war that sparked a massive refugee crisis and tremendous international concern. In the recalculated RCII with no missing data threshold (see the instructions to this quiz), use the charting function to create a longitudinal chart of Syria's scores on "Political Stability and Absence of Violence." Hover over the dots to determine Syria's score in 2009 compared to 2020.

2009 is 494, 2020 is 15

As we all now understand given the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-21, the spread of infectious diseases across borders ties into the social, economic, and many other aspects of globalization. What percentage of people in Botswana have HIV? (Hint: one place you can find this answer is within Botswana's country profile on the Country Profile Tab/Tile. Drill into Society and Health)

22.8%

How many countries make up nearly 75% of the global arms sales?

5

What percentage of the Syrian population lives below the poverty line?

80%

How many states possess nuclear weapons?

9

What is the biggest challenge COVAX faces?

A lack of vaccine supply

While each of the leaders mentioned in the article has taken steps that concern proponents of democracy, they also generally claim to have:

A pro-business agenda

Who was the Pakistani nuclear scientist responsible for supplying the North Korean government with the designs and technology to produce enriched uranium (necessary for its nuclear weapons program)?

A. Q. Khan

There are hundreds of different International Governmental Organizations, or IGOs, in the world today. Some have broad purposes, like the UN, some are very specialized, like the International Civil Aviation Organization; some are global, like the World Trade Organization, and some are regional in focus, like the European Union. Using the RCII's mapping function, match the IGO name to the map of it's members. Note, either the pre-calculated RCII with an 85% missing data threshold (the one that opens when you open the index), or the re-calculated RCII with no missing data threshold (created using the Advanced Options tab), will highlight the countries in the IGO. The maps here are created with the re-calculated RCII with no missing data threshold. You can use either.

ARAB LEAGUE: - Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen. EU: - Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden ASEAN: - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam OECD: - Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States MERCOSUR: - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela. OPEC: - Algeria, Angola, Congo, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, IR Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela OAS: - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela. SADC: - Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe SAARC: - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka NATO: - Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States ECOWAS: - Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

An example of "Glocalization" might be:

Adapting a global brand to the needs of local consumers

Which of the following has been the longest U.S. military intervention?

Afghanistan

In this map of the world's states, which world region has the most grey area (signaling significant missing data)?

Africa

Which of the following organizations was responsible for the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001?

Al Qaeda

The "Internet of Things" can be described as:

All the internet devices that have the capability of connecting to other internet powered devices, sharing data and information with each other

What biological weapons agent was sent through the U.S. mail (to members of the U.S. government and the press) after the 9/11/2001 attacks?

Anthrax

Which of the following is a true statement?

Armenian citizens of Nagorno Karabagh captured control of the area in the mid 1990s

Match the characteristics to the weapon.

BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS: - Bacteria, viruses, fungi - Anthrax, ricin, botulinum toxin - Weaponized anthrax stockpiled by both superpowers during the Cold War NUCLEAR WEAPONS: - Fission or fusion lead to tremendous explosive power - Roots in the secret Manhattan Project research program - Used twice (Hiroshima, Nagasaki) CHEMICAL WEAPONS: - Mustard gas, Sarin gas, chlorine gas - Used in WW1, during the Iraq-Iran war, and in the Syrian Civil War - Used in 1995, in an attack on the Tokyo subway system by a Japanese religious cult.

What does this conversation with Sen. Warnock say about our ability to build an empathic civilization (can we build a better world)?

Based off of the conversation, we have the ability to create a better world and make change. The only thing that holds us back is ourselves. Our differences and beliefs is the one thing that will keep us separated. Once we overcome this, we have the possibility to do good.

In his best seller, The World is Flat, Thomas Friedman points out that:

Because of globalization, individuals and small companies have new found power to compete globally

Why did the U.S. decide to wage war against Afghanistan when al Qaeda carried out the 9/11 terrorist attacks?

Because the Taliban regime that ruled Afghanistan was giving refuge to al Qaeda

Why had Iran, in 2019, threatened to abandon some of its obligations under the Iran Deal, thus increasing regional proliferation concerns?

Because the U.S. had withdrawn from the agreement and the Europeans had not found a solution to renewed economic stresses put on Iran

Henry Nguyen, owner of the local McDonald's restaurants in Vietnam:

Believes cultural differences allowed the Vietnamese to be more accepting of stricter containment measures than Americans, citing a sense of commonality in terms of togetherness

According to 2020 numbers, how much does the world spend per year on defense?

Between one and two trillion dollars

On the Rank By Variable tile/tab (see the "Rank By Variable Tutorial"), aggregate variable histograms (i.e. histograms of variables that are a composite of multiple variables) are:

By RCII score distribution

How did President Truman convince a reluctant Congress to appropriate hundreds of millions of dollars to aid Europe?

By scaring the American people about the communist threat which in turn put pressure on Congress to act

How do users drill into country profiles (use the "Country Profile Tutorial")?

By using the arrows next to the four main dimensions: Governance, Economics, Operations, Society

Group the quality of nationalism under either civic or ethnic nationalism

CIVIC NATIONALISM: - Society is united by territory, citizenships, and legal rights and codes transmitted to all members of - Has the U.S. as an example, as witnessed by the country's diversity and founding ideals - A more inclusive nationalism, as anyone could become a member of the nation ETHNIC NATIONALISM: - Has the Kurds spread across Iraq, Turkey, Iran, and other countries, as an example - Is a more exclusive form of nationalism, with membership limited by the unique elements of the group - Society is united by a common language, religion, culture, and historical memory

Match the type of globalization with its advantages and disadvantages

CULTURAL: 1. Advantage - Offers exposure to different cultures. 2. Disadvantage - Cultural imperialism. POLITICAL: 1. Advantage - Can weaken the power of authoritarian governments. 2. Disadvantage - Can lead to an intrusion of unwanted influences on state sovereignty. ECONOMIC: 1. Advantage - Can result in new jobs and investment capital, as well as more choices for consumers. 2. Disadvantage - Can lead to exploitative economic relationships and an increase in inequality.

Rifkin argues families, schools, governments, and businesses:

Can both repress and foster the core empathic nature in humans

Which of the following is NOT a conventional weapon?

Chemical weapons

What 1996 treaty unsuccessfully sought to halt all nuclear test explosions?

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

What is a "dirty bomb"?

Conventional explosives combined with radioactive materials

The text identifies which type of actors as the most salient (or prominent) global players that we "continually" read about as they try to solve global issues?

Countries (states)

When was the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 first recognized?

December 2019

Three countries are identified in the histogram below as having the lowest scores in "Control of Corruption". Which country ranks as the absolute worst (hint: recreate the histogram in the Rank By Variable tile/tab and use the table next to the histogram)?

Dem. Rep. of the Congo

Which of the following organizations is NOT an International Governmental Organization (IGO)?

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières)

What is a common critique of Multinational Corporations (MNCs, sometimes called TNCs) as global actors?

Due to their economic strength and global networks, they exercise too much power

Recreate the Radar chart below using the Charting tab or tile. After recreating the Radar chart of the U.S., add China to the chart. On which of the four main GEOS dimensions does China score higher than the U.S.?

Economics

All countries have customs procedures to control the goods crossing their borders. What's the definition of "Customs Logistics" (definitions are found on the Maps, Country Profile, and Rank by Variable tabs by clicking on the variable name)?

Efficiency in the clearance process (i.e., speed, simplicity, and predictability of formalities) by customs and other border control agencies

Latin America has the nine of the ten lowest ranking countries when it comes to "Organized Crime." Order the countries in the bar chart below from the country with the most "Organized Crime" to the country with the least (chart is according to RCII score; remember, the higher the score the better the country ranks on "Organized Crime", meaning less crime).

El Salvador, Mexico, Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras

According to Jeremy Rifkin's video, humans are driven by many motivations, but the "first drive" is:

Empathy

Group the following characteristics with their correct UN Organ:

GENERAL ASSEMBLY: - Is the main deliberate organ; all member states are represented - Can discuss any matter, except disputes being considered by the Sec. Council SECRETARIAT: - Administers the programs and policies of UN organs - Has an international staff that takes orders from the Secretary General SECURITY COUNCIL: - Has five permanent members and ten non-permanent members - Includes the ability to veto resolutions - May impose economic sanctions or embargoes - Has the main responsibility to keep peace and security in the world.

Which state has the world's 4th highest Aggregate GDP as seen below (use the Rank By Variable tile or tab to recreate this histogram)?

Germany

Which individual actor received significant international attention for her activism surrounding climate change?

Greta Thunberg

Nations are best defined as:

Groups connected by a unique mix of shared ethnicity, language, religion, culture, history, and/or sense of civic community

Match the types of power with the examples:

HARD POWER: - Military operations - Economic sanctions SOFT POWER: - Peace negotiations - Promoting international law and cooperation through diplomacy

Match the following terms with the concept of security.

HUMAN SECURITY: - Importance of non-state actors - Shared interests and cooperation between states - Multiple causes of insecurity - Focus on interconnected security ("security through sustainable human development") - Basic human needs TRADITIONAL SECURITY: - Protect against external threat - Focus on a state's military preparedness ("security through armaments") - Importance of "hard" military power

Which US president authorized the dropping of atomic bombs at the end of WWII, and also proposed that all nuclear materials and technology be placed under UN control?

Harry S. Truman

Beth Macy, the author of the book being discussed:

Has been to Indonesia and seen the positive impact of jobs moved overseas

PUSH Ministries is an NGO that:

Has people who have been laid off and can't pay their bills enter its doors everyday

On which two Japanese cities did the U.S. drop atomic bombs in August 1945?

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Researchers across different fields have found that:

Humans are "soft wired" to show empathy

Rifkin concludes that:

If we can't imagine our empathy extending to a planetary scale, we won't be able to save ourselves or possibly the planet

Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) seem to strengthen deterrence because they:

Increase the damage that can be inflicted on an attacker

COVID-19 infection rates in the Syrian opposition's strongholds have _______________.

Increased more than 50%

Which country's first nuclear detonation in 1974 "symbolically ended the monopoly on nuclear systems held by the great powers"?

India

Group the organizations into the broad organization type:

International Government Organizations (IGOs): - International Monetary Fund - European Union - World Health Organization - OPEC Multinational Corporations (MNCs, also sometimes referred to as Transnational Corporations or TNCs): - Facebook - Wells Fargo - Chevron - Tesla Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs): - Care - Greenpeace - Redcross - Amnesty International

Tariffs are taxes which are often used to protect a country's businesses from global competition. For example, in 2018 then President Trump raised U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum, angering key U.S. allies and businesses that use these materials, but possibly helping steel and aluminum producers. Which of the following countries has the world's highest "Trade Tariffs" (hint: use the Rank by Variable Tab):

Iran

Which country was engaged in intense negotiations with the UN Security Council and the EU that led to a 2015 agreement limiting its ability to enrich uranium while reducing sanctions that had been placed on it?

Iran

MNCs, IGOs, NGOs, and other actors face significant security challenges as they undertake operations in parts of the Middle East. Order the following countries by rank on "Terrorism Incidence" from least to worst (the path to get to this variable is: OVERALL RCII/OPERATIONS/Operational Landscape/Enabling Environment/Institutions/Security/Terrorism Incidence).

Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen

Nationalism:

Is a powerful tool which can liberate, oppress, or empower a people

Since the beginning of the 2001 war in Afghanistan, in addition to al Qaeda what other terrorist organization has operated in the country and tried to control territory?

Islamic State (IS)

The Middle East has many of the most unstable countries in the world. Order the following countries according to their "Political Stability and Absence of Violence" score (from highest score to lowest score). Note, this is easily done using the RCII's Rankings tab (or Rank by Variable tab).

Israel, Iran, Libya, Syria, Yemen

How is COVAX funded?

It gets money from wealthy member countries, NGOs (such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation), and large IGOs (such as UNICEF and the World Bank).

What does the number 19 signify in COVID-19?

It indicates the year the virus was discovered

Which leader has used an executive order to give his government far-reaching and restrictive powers over non-governmental organizations, pulled his country out of a U.N. migration pact, made disparaging comments about women, and placed a significant number of military leaders in key government positions?

Jair Bolsonaro

Among the countries surveyed, which stands out for having the most unfavorable view of the UN:

Japan

According to the video, why did the furniture industry in southern Virginia and North Carolina decline?

Jobs shifted to Asia, with its cheaper labor force

Which individual actor led Liberian women in non-violent protests against the violence in Liberia, winning the Nobel Peace Prize?

Leymah Gbowee

Types of charts available on the Charts tile/tab include (see the "Charts Tutorial"):

Longitudinal, Bar, Radar, and Advanced Bar

Using the "Rankings Tutorial," determine which is the best in the RCII:

Low Rank (#1 is best) and high score (1000 is best)

In what region are 31% of the U.S.'s arms sales?

Middle East

Three essential components (types) of power identified by Nye include:

Military Power, Economic Power, Attraction (Soft) Power

What is an advantage of cultural globalization?

More opportunities to learn about other cultures

How many people have been displaced (internally and across state borders) by the Syrian Civil War (2011-present)?

More than 9 million

Which of the following is NOT true about Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and their impact on international affairs?

NGOs are solely responsible for inter-state cooperation

Which leader has pursued laws that hurt his country's minority Muslim population and curbed the operations of NGOs, such as the Ford Foundation, Amnesty International, and Greenpeace?

Narendra Modi

What led to the official start of World War II in Europe?

Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland

Multinational Corporations (MNCs, sometimes called TNCs) are:

Non-state (non-governmental) actors, focused on profit

Order the following regions of the world from highest internet usage per capita to lowest:

North America, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East, Oceania and Australia, Asia, Africa

Which of the following countries has been described as a "high risk proliferator" in the 21st century?

North Korea

Which treaty in 1968 sought to limit the spread of nuclear weapon

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) has been the focus of worldwide attention because of its:

Nuclear weapons development programs

Pro-state nationalism can also be considered:

Official nationalism, linking the people with their legitimate government

Use the "Maps Tutorial" to determine what happens when you place your cursor over a country on a map.

Opens details on the rank, score, and raw data

There is some evidence that the Indian government has:

Pressured doctors to keep the death count low so as not to cause alarm

Climate change is one of the most prominent global issues. What's the United States' rank in the RCII's aggregate measure of "Greenhouse Gas Emissions," and what does the U.S. score out of a possible 1000 points? (Hint: one way to find this data is to drill into Society and then Environmental Sustainability on the Country Profile Tile or Tab; alternatively, you can recreate the map above and hover over the U.S.)

Rank 123, Score 227

Nation-states (one nation within one state):

Rarely exist in the strictest sense of the term, if national identity is based on ethnicity

At the height of the Cold War, the U.S. and the Soviet Union had nuclear weapon stockpiles:

Reaching close to 30,000 bombs and warheads each

Which leader has crushed dissent, jailed journalists, and sparked concern he is taking his country toward Sharia law?

Recep Tayyip Erdogan

Which leader has pushed anti-drug policies that have led to thousands of deaths (mostly of the innocent poor, according to human rights groups), uses profanities with abandon, and has compared himself to Hitler?

Rodrigo Duterte

Match the far-right, nationalist leader to his country:

Rodrigo Duterte - Philippines Viktor Orban - Hungary Recep Tayyip Erdogan - Turkey Jair Bolsonaro - Brazil Narendra Modi - India

Which of the following is true about Russia?

Russia acted as a mediator in the conflict and is sending in peacekeeping troops

Who is the biggest customer of U.S. weapons?

Saudi Arabia

Samuel Huntington's (1998) "Clash of Civilizations":

Sees globalization as leading to "clashes" between the many different world "civilizations", including Islam and the West

Which dangerous disease was eradicated in 1980 through successful global public health efforts promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO)?

Smallpox

According to Rifkin, people are "soft-wired" for:

Sociability, Attachment, Affection, Companionship

Using the attractiveness of a state's reputation to encourage international cooperation is an example of:

Soft power

Syria and Yemen, both devastated by war, tie at 194th (score of 34) out of 197 ranked countries on "Governance" in the recalculated RCII with no missing data threshold (see the instructions to this quiz), making them two of the reddest states on the map above. Use the RCII to determine which country ranked the worst (197th). Can you locate this country on the map above?

South Sudan

For much of the 20th century:

Southern Virginia and North Carolina were home to the world's biggest furniture makers and suppliers

Group the following characteristics with their correct UN Organ:

TRUSTEE COUNCIL: - Has suspended its operations - Was set up after WWII to promote self-governance in colonies ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL: - Coordinates the FAO, WHO, UNDP, and other specialized agencies - Is the central body for coordinating UN economic and social work INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE: - Is the United Nation's main judicial organ - Settles legal disputes only between states

One of the main driving forces of globalization is:

Technology, such as communication and transportation technologies

How does the "elephant chart" help explain globalization? Who lives at the bottom of the trunk, and who lives at the tip of the trunk?

The "elephant chart" shows how global income inequality is decreasing as the incomes in the developing world rise to catch up with the developed. Bottom of the trunk: Developed world middle class Top of the trunk: Top elite 1%

What is the key UN document that formulated the idea of human security?

The 1994 Human Development Report

For accuracy, the RCII pre-calculates showing countries with at least 85% of the data (128 countries in the 2021 RCII). To create new versions of the RCII without the pre-calculated missing data threshold (i.e., all 199 countries), users must click on (use the "Navigation" tutorial to answer this question):

The Advanced Options tab at the top left of the page

Which of the following is true about the recent conflict?

The Azerbaijani military is suspected of committing war crimes

What led to the official start of World War II in Asia?

The Japanese invasion of China in 1937

State sovereignty started to become a cornerstone of international affairs after the signing of which treaty:

The Treaty of Westphalia

Across those surveyed:

The UN is generally given high marks for fulfilling its core mission of promoting peace and human rights

The Secretary General of the UN is:

The UN's chief bureaucrat, with some standing and diplomatic soft power

All of the following are Non-Governmental Organizations (or NGOs) except:

The United Nations

Which of the following was the main reason given why the US decided to openly participate militarily in WWII?

The attacks by the Japanese against the U.S. at Pearl Harbor, HI

Who is on the back of the elephant in the "elephant chart" and how much has their income grown?

The back of the "elephant chart" includes the Indians in Bangalore, Brazilian middle class, South Koreans, and the Chinese. Their income has almost doubled unreal terms after taxes.

Which of the following is NOT an example of "hard" power?

The capacity to work within multilateral coalitions and inspire other countries to find avenues for cooperation

The benefits that ALL International Governmental Organizations (IGOs) offer their members include:

The creation of habits of cooperation between states

This short video (Factory Man) looks at:

The decline of the furniture industry in southern Virginia and North Carolina

Which of the following is NOT true about the Vietnamese response to the crisis?

The government was able to draw on a health care system surprisingly more advanced and available than in developed countries

What is "Smart Power"?

The hard power of coercion and payment, combined with the soft power of persuasion and attraction

The video speaks to building an empathic civilization based on:

The recognition that life is fragile and the human inclination to show solidarity

State sovereignty is:

The right of states to self-government, with political leaders determining the rules, laws, and processes within their territories

A key aspect of "political globalization" is:

The weakened ability of states to control both what crosses their borders and what happens inside them

Which is true about views in the U.S. toward the UN?

They are increasingly partisan, with Democrats having a more favorable view of the UN than Republicans

The European Union was created:

To build closer relations among European states so that they would not again go to war

What did North Korea promise to do in the 1994 Agreed Framework negotiated with the Clinton administration in exchange for moves toward normalizing relations with the U.S. and aid?

To freeze and eventually dismantle its nuclear facilities

Which of the following is part of the Biden administration's strategy towards North Korea?

To offer incremental sanctions relief in exchange for North Korea making steps curtailing its nuclear program

Which of the following was adopted at the UN in July 2017?

Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (treaty banning nuclear weapons)

Which of the following is the leading arms selling state in the world?

U.S.

Before it carried out the attacks against the US on September 11th, 2001, for which of the following attacks was al Qaeda also responsible?

US embassy bombings in Africa in 1998

Some countries in the Middle East score fairly well on overall "Governance," but almost all repress freedom of expression, and popular participation in government is generally very low. Which of the four countries above has the largest discrepancy between their overall "Governance" score and their "Voice and Accountability" score?

United Arab Emirates

Worldwide Governance Indicators "Government Effectiveness" captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of government commitment to such policies. What are best and worst Middle Eastern states when it comes to "Government Effectiveness"?

United Arab Emirates and Yemen

The five permanent members of the UN Security Council are:

United Kingdom, United States, China, Russia, France

"Ease of Hiring Foreign Labour" is defined as "To what extent does labour regulation in your country limit the ability to hire foreign labour? (1 = very much limits hiring foreign labour, 7 = does not limit hiring foreign labour at all)." This variable touches on the globalization of labor in our increasingly integrated world. Order the countries below from the easiest to hardest in hiring foreign labor.

United States, China, Mexico, Brazil, South Africa, Australia

How long did it take for the Vietnamese government to get a pandemic task force in place?

Vietnam's pandemic task force was operational in a week, instead of a month for the U.S.

Which leader has weakened the power of the courts, curbed the media, and pledged to make his country a Christian homeland?

Viktor Orban

Match the weapons to the categories:

WMDs: - Atomic bombs - Mustard gas - Anthrax and other biological toxins - Sarin gas CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS: t - Tank - Machine gun - Aircraft carrier - Handgun

Vietnam:

Was one of the first countries to start reopening

According to the video:

We all descended from the same ancestors in Africa and we must broaden our identity to one human family

Which of the following is an example of vertical weapons proliferation?

When China increases the number of nuclear bombs and missiles in its stockpiles.

What is on the x-axis in the "elephant chart," and what is on the y-axis?

X-Axis: Global income distribution per year after tax income since 1988. Y-Axis: Income growth percent over the last 20 years since 1988.

Which statement is true?

Younger people and those with a college education across the surveyed countries are more likely to have a favorable view of the UN