Google: Week 1. The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking Introduction to Computer Networking

Half duplex communication

Only one side can communicate at a time.

Protocols

A defined set of standards that computers must follow in order to communicate properly

Patch panel

A device containing many net ports but it does no other work.

Switch

A device that connects lots of devices and remembers which ones are connected to each interface

Router

A device that knows how to forward traffic between independent networks.

Collision Domain

A network segment where only one device can communicate at a time.

Hub

A physical layer device that allows for connections from many computers at once.

Server

Something that provides data to something requesting that data.

Client

Something that requests data from a server.

The data link layer (Layer 2)

The second layer in our model. responsible for defining a common way of interpreting these signals, so network devices can communicate.

CSMA/CD

The technique that allows you to have multiple logical LANs operating on the same physical equipment.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol.

Bit

Tthe smallest representation of data that a computer can understand

Crosstalk

When an electrical pulse on one wire is accidentally detected on another nearby wire

Full Duplex communication

When data can flow across a cable in both directions.

Internet

. A collection of networks connected together through routers is an internetwork.

Network port

Generally directly attached to the devices that make up a computer network.

ISP

Internet Service Provider

LAN

Local Area Network

The 5-layers of the TCP/IP model?

Physical Layer, The data link Layer, The Networking Layer, The transport Layer and the application Layer

BGP or Border Gateway Protocol

Routers share data with each other

Duplexing

The concept that information can flow in both directions across the cable.

The physical layer (Layer 1)

The first layer is the Physical layer. It represents the physical devices that interconnect computers.

preamble

The first part of an Ethernet frame

The transport layer (layer 4)

The fourth layer. Sorts out which client and server programs are supposed to get that data

Ethernet

The most common data link layer protocol for wired connections

IP or Internet Protocol

The most common protocol used at this layer.

Twisted pair

The most common type of cabling used for connecting computing devices

hexadecimal

The number system that has 16 numerals

The network layer (Layer 3)

The third layer, Sometimes called the Internet layer. It's this layer that allows dierent networks to communicate with each other through devices known as routers.

broadcast

The transmission method that sends data to every device on a LAN.

MAC or media access control address

a globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface.

Switch

level 2 or data link deviice and inspects the contents of the Ethernet protocol data being sent around the network, determine which system the data is intended for and then only send that data to that one system.

Line-coding

type of modulation used by twisted pair cable computer networks