gov pt.2

trustee model

A member of Congress who acts like a trustee uses their own conscience to decide their vote on every piece of legislation. This is not an example of a member of Congress acting as a trustee because on pieces of legislation that her constituents care about, she votes how they want her to vote.

Which of the following scenarios would most likely be considered a violation of the Twenty-second Amendment?

A sitting president runs for a third term in office after overwhelming support from the American public

Which of the following best explains how a president would use a bully pulpit to achieve policy goals?

By appealing directly to the public, the president hopes members of the public will influence their representatives to support those policy goals

Delegate model

This is an example of a member of Congress acting as a delegate because Congress member Wyatt votes as his constituents want him to. A member of Congress who acts like a delegate always follows their constituents' voting preferences.

politico model

This is an example of a member of Congress acting as a politico because Congress member Santiago is acting as a delegate on an issue her constituents care about but acting like a trustee on an issue they don't care about.

How might term-length differences have contributed to the lack of support from House Republicans?

Because members of the House have two-year terms, they are unlikely to support a piece of legislation that may upset their constituents

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the roles of President of the Senate and Speaker of the House?

Casts a vote only if there is a tie Assigns legislation to committees

Appointments to the White House staff are often uncontested for which of the following reasons?

These appointments do not require Senate confirmation

Which of the following is an intended consequence of ideological divisions within Congress?

Compromise between the two parties on congressional legislation If there are ideological divisions in Congress between the two parties in order to achieve policy goals, the parties need to negotiate and compromise.

In which of the following scenarios is the president most likely to use an executive order to make important policy?

Congress cannot reach a compromise

enumerated an implied powers

Congress has the enumerated power, or explicit power, of establishing post offices. Congress therefore has the implied power to ban certain products from being mailed if they are dangerous or hazardous to postal workers, like dry ice.

Which statement accurately summarizes the impact of the Shaw v. Reno (1993) decision?

It created a strict standard of scrutiny when creating new legislative districts, ruling that race cannot be the predominant factor

Which of the following statements best explains the impact the necessary and proper clause has had on congressional power?

It has broadened the power of Congress to enact legislation addressing a wide range of economic, environmental, and social issues Under the necessary and proper clause, Congress may enact legislation that addresses a wide range of economic, environmental, and social issues related to interstate commerce. The clause states that Congress can make laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out their enumerated powers (those listed in the Constitution).

Pork barrel legislation is best defined as which of the following?

Laws that include federally-funded local projects that benefit a specific district Pork barrel legislation funds projects that benefit a specific district or set of citizens. They are usually added onto bills that are guaranteed to pass.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the expressed powers of the president and the powers of Congress?

Nominating ambassadors Declaring war

What role do coalitions play in the policymaking process?

Politicians create coalitions to enact policy that has broad support from the public Coalitions are meant to bridge gaps between a politician's base (someone who will consistently vote for them) and the median voter (someone who might vote for them or might not).

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the structure and function of the House of Representatives and the Senate?

Responsible for proposing all tax bills Responsible for ratifying all treaties

Which of the following scenarios would be considered a constitutional use of executive power?

The president confers diplomatic recognition on the new nation of South Sudan

In which of the following scenarios is the president most likely to use the veto to limit the power of Congress?

When the opposing party holds a small majority in Congress

Which of the following statements is the most likely motivation for a president to issue an executive order?

to achieve policy goals when Congress can't reach a compromise