Gov test 3

All of the following ideological types are prevalent in the United States EXCEPT A)liberals. B) conservatives. C) populists D) libertarians. E) communists.

E) communists.

The process by which individuals acquire their political opinions is called A) popular culture. B) social communication. C) socioeconomic change. D) political assimilation. E) political socialization.

E) political socialization.

Volunteer activity in the United States is LOWEST in the À) South. B) Northeast. C) Plains states. D) West. E) Midwest.

À) South.

If Americans vote less than Europeans, why are they more likely to work in a political campaign than are citizens in Europe? A) America's federal structure provides more campaign opportunities. B) European candidates seldom need campaign workers. C) Americans have more leisure time than Europeans. D) U.S. candidates pay campaign workers, whereas European candidates do not. E) Laws in some U.S. communities require citizens to participate in campaigns.

A) America's federal structure provides more campaign opportunities.

Which of the following states is a competitive state, meaning that it could potentially vote either Democrat or Republican? A) Florida B) California C) Massachusetts D) Kansas E) Minnesota

A) Florida

Americans who attend religious services at least once a week are most likely to vote for which political party? A) Republican B) Democratic C) Populist D) Libertarian E) Green

A) Republican

According to polls, men and women tend to disagree on certain issues. Of the following issues, about which are men and women closest in agreement? A) abortion rights B) affirmative action C) poverty assistance D) education assistance E) use of military force

A) abortion rights

Libertarians are opposed to governmental intervention A) in both the economic and social spheres. B) only with regard to affirmative action. C) in the social sphere, but not the economic sphere. D) in neither the social nor the economic spheres. E) in the economic but not the social sphere.

A) in both the economic and social spheres.

in the United States, the primary responsibility for registration of the individual voter rests with the A) individual. B) federal government. C) state and local governments. D) employer. E) local courts.

A) individual.

Campared with U.S. citizens of higher incomes, those of lower incomes are A) much less likely to vote in elections. B) much more likely to vote in elections. C) much less likely to vote in elections- a pattern that is also true in European democracies. D) about equally likely to vote in elections. E) None of these answers is correct.

A) much less likely to vote in elections.

Which of the following statements about party identification is true? A) Over that last several decades, the percentage of people identifying as Independents has increased substantially B) Pollsters did not measure independent as a form of identification until early in the twenty-first century C) Currently, more people identify as Republicans than as Democrats D) Currently, more people identify as Democrats than as either Republicans or independents.

A) over the last several decades, the percentage of people identifying as independents has increased substantially.

As an agent of political socialization, the American family has its greatest effect on individuals' A) party identification. B) choice and form of higher education. C) professional career. D) knowledge of particular public policies. E) rate of political participation.

A) party identification.

Which of the following is NOT a primary socializing agent? A) peers B) school C) family D) church E) None of these are primary socializing agents.

A) peers

The key factors in determining the accuracy of an opinion poll are A) the size of the sample and whether the sample was selected from the population by a random method. B) the sample size and the timeline over which the sample was taken. C) the anonymous nature of the sampling process and sample size. D) the population size and the sample size. E) the sample size and whether the sample has the same percentage of men and women as the population.

A) the size of the sample and whether the sample was selected from the population by a random method.

A general belief about the role and purpose of government is called A)an ideology. B) socialization. C) conservatism. D) politicization. E) None of these answers is correct.

A)an ideology.

Which of the following is true of the relationship between public opinion and shifts in major government policies? A) On high-profile issues particularly, public opinion tends to affect policy to a greater degree than policymakers' agendas affect public opinion. B) Analysts Page and Shapiro concluded that leaders' opinions ultimately affect most policy issues more than the larger public opinion. C) The linguist Noam Chomsky claimed that democracy consistently preserved the will of the people over the will of elite interests. D) Analysts Robert Erikson, Michael MacKuen, and James Stimson found a pattern consistent with their claim that "public opinion has little influence over policy". E) All these answers are correct.

A. On high-profile issues particularly, public opinion tends to affect policy to a greater degree than policymakers' agendas affect public opinion.

Sources of polling error can include A) question order. B) All these answers are correct. C) question wording. D) unrepresentative samples. E) respondents' lack of knowledge or interest in the issue.

B) All these answers are correct.

In terms of party identification, about two-thirds of adults call themselves A) liberals. B) Republicans or Democrats. C) Republicans. D) Independents. E) Democrats.

B) Republicans or Democrats.

Volunteer activity is LOWEST in the A) West. B) South. C) Midwest. D) Plains states. E) Northeast.

B) South.

You will be LEAST likely to find a "blue state" in the A) northern Midwest. B) South. C) Northeast. D) Pacific Northwest. E) West Coast.

B) South.

Voter registration in the United States A) is the responsibility of the government, which adds legally qualified individuals automatically to the registration rolls. B) began as a way of preventing voters from casting more than one ballot on election day. C) has vastly increased voter turnout. D) applies to voting in general elections but not in primary elections. E) was introduced as a means of keeping white males without property from voting.

B) began as a way of preventing voters from casting more than one ballot on election day.

Which of the following would NOT be considered a secondary socializing agent? A) peers B) church C) leaders D) the media E None of these answers is correct, as ALL represent secondary socializing agents.

B) church

Students are MOST likely to hear stories about America's heroes and greatness when they are in A) middle school B) elementary school C) an undergraduate college program. D) high school. E) graduate school.

B) elementary school

A consistent pattern of opinion on particular issues that stems from a coherent set of political beliefs is called A) conservatism. B) ideology. C) socialization. D) politicization. E) None of these answers is correct.

B) ideology.

The frequency of elections in the United States reduces voter turnout by A) discouraging local politicians from playing an active role in presidential elections. B) increasing the personal effort needed to participate in all elections. C) increasing the amount of taxes paid at the polls. D) focusing too much attention on state and local elections. E) creating more complex registration requirements.

B) increasing the personal effort needed to participate in all elections.

Dramatic change in party identification is uncommon and is almost always a consequence of A) a change in the policy position of the president. B) major upheaval. C) popular satisfaction with a government initiative. D) a change in the law. E) a Supreme Court ruling.

B) major upheaval.

The process of political socialization in the United States is A) extremely narrow; most Americans get nearly all their opinions from a single source. B) normally cumulative; political beliefs attained earlier in life tend to be retained to a substantial degree. C) highly structured; children are subjected to an intense system of government-mandated political indoctrination, D) usually uniform; there are almost no differences in the opinions of various groups, such as northerners and southerners. E) highly effective; Americans are the best informed citizens in the world.

B) normally cumulative; political beliefs attained earlier in life tend to be retained to

In general, public opinion A) is strongest during a presidential election. B) sets limits on government action. C) determines specific government actions. D) is unrelated to government action. E) generally affects government action only on election issues.

B) sets limits on government action.

In comparison with citizens in Western European democracies, Americans are LESS likely to A) participate in community activities. B) vote in national elections. C) actively work in an election campaign. D) join an interest group. E) All these answers are correct.

B) vote in national elections.

In the United States, A) most states automatieally register a person to vote when he or she acquires a driver's license. B) voter registration requirements have usually been set by the states. C) voter registration periods and locations tend to be highly publicized, but registration requirements prevent many from taking advantage of them. D) states with easier registration laws have shown no higher turnout rates than states with restrictive registration requirements. E) the federal government prevents states from restricting registration based on the amount of time a person has resided in that state.

B) voter registration requirements have usually been set by the states.

African American men technically gained suffrage with the passage of the Amendment. A) Twenty-First B) Twenty-Third C) Fifteenth D) Twenty-Sixth E) Nineteenth

C) Fifteenth

What are the two distinguishing characteristics of political socialization? A) Political socialization is transitory, and it is most heavily developed during young adulthood. B) Schools are the most influential agent of political socialization, and political socialization is strongest during childhood. C) Political socialization is cumulative, and it is most heavily developed during childhood. D) Political socialization occurs primarily among educated populations, and it is most heavily developed during adulthood. E) Family is the strongest agent of political socialization, and political socialization is strongest during high school and college.

C) Political socialization is cumulative, and it is most heavily developed during childhood.

_______ elections tend to draw the largest percentage of voters in the U.S A) Gubernatorial B) Congressional C) Presidential D) Mayoral E) Primary

C) Presidential

Party identification refers to A) the percentage of polled individuals that claim membership in a particular party. B) formal membership in a political party. C) an emotional attachment to a political party. D) a political party's platform—the stances on issues that define its beliefs. E) the ability of individual citizens to identify the major issue positions of the major political parties.

C) an emotional attachment to a political party.

When the nation was founded, who was eligible to vote? A) everyone—there was universal suffrage B) all males and females who were at least 21 years of age C) only white males who owned property D) only citizens who had lived in the nation for at least ten years E) All native-born citizens could vote

C) only white males who owned property

Selective perception is primarily a result of A) economic class. B) religion. C) partisanship. D) race and ethnicity. E) age and generational beliefs.

C) partisanship.

A person who favors govemment intervention in both social and economic affairs is a(n) A) liberal. B) libertarian. C) populist authoritarian. D) economic conservative. E) social conservative.

C) populist authoritarian.

Eighteen-, nineteen-, and twenty-year-old Americans were granted the right to vote by the passage of the ______ amendment. A) Twenty-Third B) Twenty-First C) Fifteenth D) Nineteenth E) Twenty-Sixth

E) Twenty-Sixth

In the twenty-first century, voting rates in the United States have A) shown little difference from those of the late twentieth century. B) declined in all elections. C) remained lower than in nearly every other democracy. D) increased in all elections, E) demonstrated that the apathy of young citizens has worsened considerably since the early 1990.

C) remained lower than in nearly every other democracy.

All of the following tend to decrease voter turnout EXCEPT A) alienation. B) lack of interest in politics. C) sharp policy differences between major parties. D) an individualistic culture. E) frequent elections.

C) sharp policy differences between major parties.

According to a recent Pew Research Center poll, young adults are substantially more likely than senior citizens to support A) religious teaching in public schools. B) the use of military force. C) stronger environmental regulations. D) strengthening social security. E) affirmative action.

C) stronger environmental regulations.

The citizens of ________ are most likely to participate as campaign volunteers during an election. A) the Netherlands B) Great Britain C) the United States D) Germany E) France

C) the United States

Which of the following groups is most adversely affected by the United States' voter registration system? A) senior citizens B) people with college degrees C) those with less income D) women E) young adults

C) those with less income

The chief obstacle to Americans' participation in community activities is the A) lack of opportunity, because there are few groups active at this level. B) low potential for success, since key decisions are made at the state level. C)lack of personal motivation to get involved. D All these answers are correct. E) low potential for success, since key decisions are made at the national level.

C)lack of personal motivation to get involved.

A properly drawn sample of one thousand individuals has a sampling error of roughly plus or minus _______ percent. A) 10 B) 8 C) 1 D) 3 E) 5

D) 3

Which of the following states is solidly Democratic? A) Idaho B) Georgia C) Utah D) Washington E) Texas

D) Washington

A member of Congress who wants to act on what the majority of his or her constituency thinks on a particular issue would be advised to respond to which of the following indicators? A) letters from constituents B) the editorial positions of newspapers in the constituency C) public demonstrations by constituents D) a poll based on a random sample of constituents E) the number of yard signs on major streets

D) a poll based on a random sample of constituents

The accuracy of polling is diminished when respondents A) have an opinion and reveal it. B) are asked about familiar issues. C) admit they are not familiar with an issue and offer no opinion. D) give what they regard as the socially correct response. E) None of these answers is correct.

D) give what they regard as the socially correct response.

Women are less likely than men to favor A) affirmative action. B) abortion rights. C) higher levels of education spending. D) the use of force to settle international disputes. E) All these answers are correct.

D) the use of force to settle international disputes.

The adoption of voter identification cards by several states A) will increase the voting pewer of poorer citizens. B) was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. G) was a response to well-documented accounts of widespread electoral fraud. D) will likely cause a decline in voter turnout. E) is a policy intended to further the gains of the motor voter law.

D) will likely cause a decline in voter turnout.

Voter turnout is LOWEST in which age group? A) older adults B) senior citizens C) Voter turnout is essentially the same for all age groups. D) young adults E) middle-aged adults

D) young adults

Which of the following statements about Americans and ideology and political thinking is true? A) Liberalism and conservatism have such imprecise meanings that it is not useful to think about politics in these terms. B) Americans overwhelmingly identify themselves as liberals. C) Americans are highly sophisticated in their political thinking. D) Only a minority of Americans can be classified as true ideologues. E) Americans are highly consistent in their political thinking.

D. Only a minority of Americans can be classified as true ideologues.

Since the 1960s, the level of turnout in presidential elections has averaged about ___percent. A) 65 B) 35 C)75 D) 45 E) 60

E) 60

Which of the following is true about public opinion polling? A) Opinion polls are the most relied-upon method of measuring public opinion.V B) Polling accuracy diminishes when respondents are unfamiliar with the issues in question. C) Polls can be erroneous at times. D)Sampling error decreases as the size of the sample increases. E) All of these answers are correct.

E) All of these answers are correct.

Voting A) is the most widespread form of political participation. B) is both a means by which government controls the people and a means by which the people control government. C) is a limited form of political participation. D) provides citizens with a regular way to express themselves. E) All these answers are correct.

E) All these answers are correct.

To accurately poll the citizens of the United States as opposed to the citizens of a single state, A) a much larger sample size will be required. B) a larger sampling error can be accepted. C) a smaller sample size will be required. D)Ness randomization will be needed because the sample size will be larger. E) the sample requirements will be nearly the same.

E) the sample requirements will be nearly the same.

Each of the following statements could be considered true of either economic or social liberals, EXCEPT that A) they prefer a smatter rote for government in upholding social and cultural traditions, B) they favor more government spending for the poor. C) they believe lifestyle choices should be left to the individual. D) they favor goverment activism in the area of distribution of economic benefits. E) they believe that government should be used to promote traditional values.

E) they believe that government should be used to promote traditional values.

Unlike other democracies, the United States A) holds elections for its chief executive every six years. B) holds elections for the lower house of the legislature every four years. C) penalizes eligible voters for failing to turn up and vote on Election Day. D) places the burden for voter registration on the government. E) uses primaries to select political candidates.

E) uses primaries to select political candidates.

Which of the following ideological types favor government activism in the economic realm? A) conservatives and liberals B) populists and conservatives C) liberals and libertarians D) populists and libertarians E)Liberals and populists,

E)Liberals and populists,

Party identification refers to the stances on issues that define its beliefs. A) a political party's platform- B) the percentage of polled individuals that claim membership in a particular party. C) the ability of individual citizens to identify the inajor issue positions of the major political parties. D) formal membership in a political party. E)a person's sense of loyalty to a political party.

E)a person's sense of loyalty to a political party.

Women gained the right to vote A) with passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. B) during the era of Jacksonian democracy. C) shortly after the Civil War. D) with passage of the Bill of Rights. E)early in the twentieth century.

E)early in the twentieth century.

Of the following countries, which one has the highest level of national pride?

United States

Most candidates for office in the United States aim their appeals at A) high-income voters. B) middle-income voters. C) labor unions and interest groups. D) corporate lobbying powers. E) low-income voters.

b) middle-income voters.

what do middle to upper class vote

conservative

Discuss the major characteristics of the political socialization process through which Americans acquire their political opinions.

do later

Why are people of higher income and education levels more likely to be politically active?

do later

Which of the following states is solidly Republican? A) New York B) Florida C) Illinois D) Oregon E) Alabama

e) Alabama