Government 4

The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments ensure

justice and fairness in the administration of the law.

To the framers, Blank______ was the central principle that guided the creation of a new democratic republic.

liberty

The role of the Bill of Rights is to _____ government power.

limit

Time, place, and manner restrictions on public assembly seek to control what type of behavior?

loud or violent protests that threaten public peace

The concept based on the belief that authentic discourse depends on free and unrestrained discussion of different points of view is known as the _____ of ideas.

marketplace

The concept based on the belief that authentic discourse depends on free and unrestrained discussion of different points of view is known as the ______ of ideas.

marketplace

Time, place, and manner restrictions on public assembly are to be applied in a content-_____ manner.

neutral

In 2019, a report published by Freedom House noted that, worldwide, freedom of the press has been:

on the decline

In addition to the freedoms of speech and assembly, what other freedom does the First Amendment protect?

the freedom of religion

In 2022, the Supreme Court declared the gun permit law of the state of New York unconstitutional because

the law allowed the state to determine if a person had a special need for a right and no other law had such a requirement.

Which of the following elements of the government was the Bill of Rights intended to limit? (Choose every correct answer.)

the national legislative branch the national judicial branch the national executive branch

What has prompted the most recent debates on the best way to obtain a safer nation?

the numerous mass shootings

Which of the following rights has the Supreme Court interpreted as protected by the Second Amendment? (Choose every correct answer.)

the right for individuals to possess firearms the right for states to have a well-regulated militia

Which of the following are considered Sixth Amendment protections?

the right to counsel the right to a trial by jury the right to a speedy and public trial

A major difference between separationists and accomodationists is whether

there should be a solid wall between government and religion.

In what way is the Bill of Rights applied to the states?

through the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

True or false: Freedom of speech includes spoken or written language but not symbolic actions such as picketing or wearing an armband to signify a protest.

False

True or false: The Supreme Court tends to adopt a separationist approach for most cases that deal with interpretations of the establishment clause.

False

True or false: The freedom of American citizens to assemble cannot be limited by the government in any form.

False

True or false: The last category of civil liberties that bear directly on civic engagement consists of the criminal due process protections established in the First, Second, Seventh, and Eighth Amendments.

False

Match the form of speech with its definition. PURE SPEECH - SYMBOLIC SPEECH -

Pure speech matches Choice spoken words communicating ideas, opinions, or information Symbolic speech matches Choice nonverbal communication such as picketing or wearing an arm band to signify protest

Which case was the first to attempt to extend the privacy rights established in Griswold v. Connecticut?

Roe v. Wade

What case tested the Court's commitment to protecting symbolic speech of a highly unpopular nature by asking it to evaluate an individual's conviction under state law for burning the American flag?

Texas v. Johnson

How has the Court ruled on abortion rights issues after Roe v. Wade?

The Court has developed a compromise position on abortion rights.

How did the Supreme Court rule in the case of Texas v. Johnson?

The Court ruled that flag burning is symbolic political speech protected under the First Amendment.

Which of the following arguments relate to the controversy surrounding the Second Amendment? (Choose every correct answer.)

The right to personal safety versus everyone's right to be safe and secure. Gun ownership creates a free and safe society.

Facial recognition technology (FRT), in which a computer can match a photo to a known image of a suspect, raises concerns about civil liberties for which of the following reasons? (Choose every correct answer.)

There is a strong possibility of false identifications from photos and footage of poor quality. The FBI has no control over how other agencies might use the technology it has developed. China uses FRT to identify people who violate social norms, not laws.

Which amendment within the Bill of Rights specifically mentions the right to privacy?

There is no direct mention of privacy in the Bill of Rights.

What function do the criminal due process rights in the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments fulfill?

They establish guidelines for law enforcement, trial, and punishment.

In which case did the Court rule that Vietnam War protesters wearing black armbands to school constituted free speech protected under the Constitution?

Tinker v. Des Moines

Match the term to its appropriate definition. total incorporation - selective incorporation -

Total incorporation matches Choice the theory that the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause requires states to uphold freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights Selective incorporation matches Choice the process by which the Supreme Court has gradually applied freedoms that serve some fundamental principle of liberty to the states

True or false: Central to the democratic process is the freedom to speak critically about government and politics.

True

True or false: Every state allows for some form of concealed-carry protection, which allows citizens to have weapons on them or in close proximity.

True

True or false: The American gun debate stems from a disagreement about how to interpret the language of the Second Amendment.

True

True or false: The United States has recently experienced a decline in press freedom despite the formidable cultural and constitutional protections this institution enjoys.

True

True or false: The constitutional right to privacy has only relatively recently been recognized by the Supreme Court.

True

According to the Supreme Court, when considering the reasonableness of a search, the strictest interpretation requires which of the following?

a warrant

The Court will generally allow government support for religious schools, programs, and institutions if the support does which two of the following?

advances a secular goal does not specifically endorse a particular religious belief

The Eighth Amendment protects

against cruel and unusual punishment.

The constitutional freedom of religion protects (Choose every correct answer.)

all nonreligious groups. all religious groups. an individual's free exercise of religion.

What did Supreme Court cases in the 1880s determine about due process rights?

all states must incorporate those rights that serve the fundamental principles of liberty and justice due process mandates the incorporation of those rights that were unalienable rights of citizenship due process mandates the incorporation of those rights that were at the core of the "very idea of free government"

Which of the following principles are important to the First Amendment freedom of the press? (Choose every correct answer.)

allowing citizens to hear competing ideas about public issues ensuring that the government remains accountable to its citizens

Constitutionally guaranteed civil liberties exist to protect Americans from

arbitrary government interference against citizens, opinions, and property.

The religion clauses of the First Amendment do which of the following? (More than one option may be correct.)

bar the government from supporting one religious sect over another bar the government from establishing a national religion ensure the government does not hinder individuals' exercise of religion

True democracy ______ when the government controls the press. Multiple choice question.

cannont survive

Based on the exclusionary rule, evidence that is illegally obtained ______ be used in a trial.

cannot

True democracy Blank______ when the government controls the press.

cannot survive

Which of the following best describes positive acts of government intended to protect individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory actions?

civil rights

The Supreme Court's ruling in District of Columbia v. Heller dramatically changed the meaning of the Second Amendment by

confering to citizens an individual right to possess a firearm for lawful purposes.

Based on their experiences with the British, what types of government action did the framers of the Constitution seek to protect citizens against? (Choose every correct answer.)

confiscation of property censorship limitations on speech

Which constitutional rights safeguard those accused of crimes and constrain government investigations, trials, and punishments?

criminal due process rights

The Eighth Amendment provides protection against the imposition of ______ and unusual punishment.

cruel

The First Amendment clause that prohibits the government from passing any laws that establish an official religion is known as the _____ clause.

establishment

The ______ clause of the First Amendment requires government neutrality toward religious institutions, whereas the ______ exercise clause prohibits the government from taking hostile action toward individuals' practice of their religion.

establishment; free

The ______ clause of the First Amendment bans the state from helping religious institutions, whereas the ______ clause bans the state from restricting the free practice of religion by individuals.

establishment; free exercise

Which of the following have helped to cause a decline in press freedoms?

expansion of the Internet and social media crackdowns on sources of information in the government polarization and the expansion of partisan media

The First Amendment protection that makes it illegal for the government to enact laws that restrict the free practice of religion by any individual is known as the ______ clause.

free exercise

The First Amendment freedoms that support civic discourse include which of the following freedoms? (Choose every correct answer.)

freedom of the press freedom of assembly freedom of speech

Before the District of Columbia v. Heller decision in 2008, the Supreme Court interpreted the right to bear arms under the Second Amendment as a ______ subject to regulation. Multiple choice question.

group right

The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments provide citizens with

guaranteed procedures throughout the criminal justice system.

The removal of some books from public primary and secondary school libraries is seen by some as a violation of the:

First Amendment

Which amendment requires police to get a warrant before engaging in a search?

Fourth Amendment

The landmark case that firmly established the right to privacy is ____

Griswold v. Connecticut

The landmark case that firmly established the right to privacy is ______.

Griswold v. Connecticut

What was the distinction that the Court made in granting students wearing armbands in Tinker v. Des Moines First Amendment protections but not extending those same protections to people burning draft cards in U.S. v. O'Brien?

In outlawing the burning of draft cards, the government had a legitimate purpose apart from the suppression of political expression.

How did Congress respond to the Supreme Court's ruling in Texas v. Johnson?

It passed the Flag Protection Act, which was subsequently struck down by the Court.

In the Griswold case, the Court concluded that the right to privacy is ____ all other liberties. Multiple choice question.

implied in

In which of the following places would the police most likely have to obtain a warrant before conducting a search?

in a person's home

Why has the Supreme Court placed restrictions upon the freedom to assemble?

in order to preserve order and public safety

Which of the following best describes the tensions stemming from debate over the Second Amendment?

individual liberty versus community safety

The application of all the protections claimed in the Bill of Rights to the states is known as ______ incorporation, whereas case-by-case consideration of these protections is known as _______ incorporation.

total; selective

What is double jeopardy?

trying a person again for a crime they have been cleared of in court

Since 1992, the Supreme Court has evaluated state abortion laws by using the ______ test.

undue burden

Thomas Jefferson argued that the First Amendment built a _____ between church and state.

wall of separation

According to the Constitution, a reasonable search is one where the police have obtained a(n) .

warrant

According to the Constitution, a reasonable search is one where the police have obtained a(n)

warrant or search warrant

Before a warrant is issued, what must be determined?

whether probable cause exists

Before the War for Independence, Great Britain often took measures to ______ the press.

silence

True or false: According to the Supreme Court, for a search to be considered reasonable, a search warrant must always be produced.

False

The constitutionally established guarantees that protect opinions and property against arbitrary government interference are known as civil ______ , Incorrect Unavailable, whereas civil _______ , Incorrect Unavailable reflect positive acts of government for the purpose of protecting individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory actions.

1. Liberties 2. rights

Rank the following interpretations of the establishment clause from most strict to most flexible, with the most strict interpretation at the top. Position 1 of 3 Neutrality incorrect toggle button unavailable Neutrality

1. seperation 2. neutrality 3. accomodation

PEN America, an organization that advocates for free speech, found cases of "book banning" in:

26 states

Which of the following parts of the U.S. Constitution explicitly recognizes and protects individual liberties?

Bill of Rights

Why is freedom of speech important to the democratic process? (Choose every correct answer.)

Citizens must be able to publicly criticize their government. Citizens must be able to share information and ideas.

Which of the following questions arise when interpreting the First Amendment's establishment clause? (Choose every correct answer.)

Does the clause prevent any kind of government support for religion? Does the clause prohibit the government from preferring one religious sect over another?

Starting in January 2021, some states introduced or passed laws that (Choose every correct answer.)

place limitations on what can be discussed in primary and secondary classrooms. limit what teachers can say in the classroom on topics such as race, sex, and gender.

The right of an individual to be left alone without any interference from others is known as the right to:

privacy

According to the establishment clause, the government is required to

remain neutral toward all religious institutions.

The rapid development of surveillance technologies is the greatest threat to which of the following rights?

right to privacy

A major concern with the development of new forms of data-collection technology is that they will

sacrifice citizens' privacy and liberty.

Which of the following approaches to incorporation would consider each Bill of Rights protection individually, on a case-by-case basis?

selective incorporation

Which of the following is the strictest interpretation of the establishment clause?

separationism

Before the War for Independence, Great Britain often took measures to _____ the press.

silence

In Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court extended the exclusionary rule to ____ court proceedings.

state

Historically, in times of perceived internal and external threats, the Supreme Court has been more willing to ______ political speech.

suppress

What experience influenced the framers to include protections for civil liberties in the Constitution?

the British government's oppressive actions against American colonists

Which of the following amendments contribute to ensuring criminal due process? (Choose every correct answer.)

the Eighth Amendment the Fourth Amendment the Sixth Amendment the Fifth Amendment

Which of the following constitutional amendments establish formal rules for conducting a trial?

the Fifth Amendment the Sixth Amendment

Which amendment ensures the right to legal counsel?

the Sixth Amendment

Which of the following constitutional amendments establish formal rules for conducting a trial? (Choose every correct answer.)

the Sixth Amendment the Fifth Amendment

The Supreme Court decision in Schenck v. U.S. established which of the following tests?

the clear and present danger test