Grade 7 Unit 1 - The Practice of Science (A)

variable

A factor that can change in an experiment

scientific explanation

A generalization that makes sense of observations by using logical reasoning

scientific method

A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem

bias

A particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific.

model

A representation of an object or event

experiment

A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more variables to observe the effect

conclusion

A summary based on evidence or facts

support

Back up with details, data, and/or observations

valid

Based on evidence and corresponds accurately to the real world.

data

Facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations.

observation

Information obtained through the senses in a careful, orderly way

trials

Multiple sets of measurements or observations in a scientific investigation.

systematic observations

Observations obtained by following a preplanned method of observation.

replication

Reproducing another scientist's investigation in order to verify the results.

test variable (independent)

The variable manipulated by the experimenter in order to study changes in the outcome variable.

repetition

Using multiple trials within the same experiment to add credibility to the data gathered

testable

a hypothesis is testable if it can be supported or rejected by carefully designed experiments or observational studies

hypothesis

a proposed explanation made on the basis of existing evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

vary

change

outcome variable (dependent)

factor being measured or observed in an experiment; factor that responds to, or depends on, other factors.

empirical evidence

scientific evidence obtained by careful observation and experimentation

investigation

the action of investigating a phenomenon; formal or systematic examination or research.

control group

the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.

controlled variables (constants)

things that should NOT change during an experiment