H8.1
A significance level that is often used in hypothesis testing by researchers and statisticians is _____.
Though the acceptable significance level depends on the situation, 0.05 is generally a good starting point.
A new medication is being tested to see whether it can reduce the chance of an asthma attack in people who have had an asthma attack in the last week. The rate of asthma attack in the population of concern is 0.15. The null hypothesis is that p (the population proportion using the new medication that have an asthma attack) is 0.15. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?
p<0.15
Assume that the proportion of people who live after suffering an aneurysm is 0.94. Suppose there is a new medicine that is used to increase the survival rate. Use the parameter p to represent the population proportion of people who survive after an aneurysm. For a hypothesis test of the medicine's effectiveness, researchers use a null hypothesis of p=0.94. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?
p> 0.94
The null hypothesis is always a statement about what?
population parameter.
In statistical inference, measurements are made on a ___________ and generalizations are made to a __________
sample population.
Suppose an experiment is done with criminals released from prison in a certain state where the recidivism rate is 31%; that is, 31% of criminals return to prison within three years. One hundred random prisoners are made to attend a "boot camp" for two weeks before their release, and it is hoped that "boot camp" will have a good effect. The null hypothesis is that those attending boot camp have a recidivism rate of 31%, p=0.31. Report the alternative hypothesis in words and in symbols.
Ha: The proportion of criminals who attend boot camp who return to prison is less than 0.31.
A research hospital tries a new antibiotic scrub before surgery to see whether it can lower the rate of infections of surgical sites. The old rate of infection is 4.6%. The null hypothesis is that the proportion of infections is 0.046, pequals0.046. Report the alternative hypothesis in words and in symbols.
Ha: The proportion of infections is less than 0.046.
The value in the null hypothesis comes from what?
Assuming the status quo about the population
You roll a six-sided die 45 times and land on an ace (a one) 9 times. You want to test the hypothesis that the die does not come up with an ace one-sixth of the time. Determine the null hypothesis.
Ho: p=1/6
According to a reputable magazine, the dropout rate for all college students with loans is 30%. Suppose that 99 out of 300 random college students with loans drop out.
Ho= .30 Ha=/ .30
A small p-value does what?
It discredits the null hypothesis.
Which of the following does not describe the null hypothesis?
It is the research hypothesis
Which of the following best describes hypotheses?
Statements about population parameters
What is true in a hypothesis test, the farther the test statistic is from 0?
The more the null hypothesis is discredited
In hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis is best described by which of the following statements?
The null hypothesis always gets the benefit of the doubt and is assumed to be true throughout the hypothesis testing procedure.
A researcher is testing someone who claims to have ESP by having that person predict whether a coin will come up heads or tails. The null hypothesis is that the person is guessing and does not have ESP, and the population proportion of success is 0.50. The researcher tests the claim with a hypothesis test, using a significance level of 0.05. Fill in the blanks below with an accurate statement about the potential conclusion of this test.
The probability of concluding that the person has ESP when in fact she or he does not have ESP is 0.05.
What is the significance level of a test?
The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when, in fact, the null hypothesis is true
