HA - Final Pt 2 - (NCLEX questions)

d

The timing of joint pain may assist the examiner in determining the cause. The joint pain associated with rheumatic fever would: a) be worse in the morning b) be worse later in the day c) be worse in the morning but improve during the day d) occur 10 to 14 days after an untreated sore throat

d

The timing of joint pain may assist the examiner in determining the cause. The joint pain associated with rheumatic fever would: a. be worse in the morning b. be worse later in the day c. be worse in the moring but improve later in the day. d.occur 10-14 days after an untreated sore throat.

b

A 2-year-old child has been brought to the clinic for a health examination. A common finding would be: a. kyphosis b. lordosis c. scoliosis d. no deviation is normal.

a

A 14-year-old girl is anxious about not having reached menarche. When taking the history, the nurse should ascertain which of the following? The age: A) she began to develop breasts B) her mother developed breasts C) she began to develop pubic hair D) she began to develop axillary hair.

b

A 2-year-old child has been brought to the clinic for a health examination. A common finding would be: a) kyphosis b) lordosis c) scoliosis d) no deviation is normal b

a

A 43-year-old woman is at the clinic for a routine examination. She reports that she has had a breast lump in her right breast for years. Recently, it has begun to change in consistency and is becoming harder. She reports that 5 years ago her physician evaluated the lump and determined that it "was nothing to worry about." The examination validates the presence of a mass in the right upper outer quadrant at 1 o'clock, approximately 5 cm from the nipple. It is firm, mobile, nontender, with borders that are not well defined. The nurse's recommendation to her is: A) "Because of the change in consistency of the lump, it should be further evaluated by a physician." B) "The changes could be related to your menstrual cycles. Keep track of changes in the mass each month." C) "This is probably nothing to worry about because it has been present for years and was determined to be noncancerous at that time." D) "Because you are experiencing no pain and the size has not changed, continue to monitor the lump and return to the clinic in 3 months."

c

A 54-year-old man comes to the clinic with a "horrible problem." He tells the nurse that he has just discovered a lump on his breast and is fearful of cancer. The nurse knows that which statement about breast cancer in males is true? A) Breast masses in men are difficult to detect because of minimal breast tissue. B) Breast cancer in men rarely spreads to the lymph nodes. C) One percent of all breast cancer occurs in men. D) Most breast masses in men are diagnosed as gynecomastia.

c

A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman is being seen in the clinic for a yearly examination. She is concerned about changes in her breasts that she has noticed over the past 5 years. She states that her breasts have decreased in size and that the elasticity has changed so that her breasts seem "flat and flabby." The nurse's best reply would be: A) "This change occurs most often because of long-term use of bras that do not provide enough support to the breast tissues." B) "This is a normal change that occurs as women get older. It is due to the increased levels of progesterone during the aging process." C) "Decreases in hormones after menopause causes atrophy of the glandular tissue in the breast. This is a normal process of aging." D) "Postural changes in the spine make it appear that your breasts have changed in shape. Exercises to strengthen the muscles of the upper back and chest wall will help to prevent the changes in elasticity and size."

d

A 65-year-old patient remarks that she just can't believe that her breasts sag so much. She states it must be from lack of exercise. What explanation should the nurse offer her? A) After menopause, only women with large breasts experience sagging. B) After menopause, sagging is usually due to decreased muscle mass within the breast. C) After menopause, a diet that is high in protein will help maintain muscle mass, which keeps the breasts from sagging. D) After menopause, the glandular and fat tissue atrophies, causing breast size and elasticity to diminish, resulting in breasts that sag.

c

A 70-year-old woman has come for a health examination. Which of the following is a common age-related change in the curvature of the spinal column? a) lordosis b) scoliosis c) kyphosis d) lateral scoliosis

c

A 70-year-old woman has come for a health examination. Which of the following is a common age-related change in the curvature of the spinal column? a. lordosis b. scoliosis c. kyphosis d. lateral scoliosis

d

A 9-year-old girl is in the clinic for a sports physical. After some initial shyness she finally asks, "Am I normal? I don't seem to need a bra yet, but I have some friends who do. What if I never get breasts?" The nurse's best response would be: A) "Don't worry, you still have plenty of time to develop." B) "I know just how you feel, I was a late bloomer myself. Just be patient and they will grow." C) "You will probably get your periods before you notice any significant growth in your breasts." D) "I understand that it is hard to feel different from your friends. Breasts usually develop between 8 and 10 years of age."

c

A bimanual technique may be the preferred approach for a woman: a) who is pregnant b) who is having the first breast examination by a health care provider c) with pendulous breasts d) who has felt a change in the breast during self-examination.

a

A new mother calls the clinic to report that part of her left breast is red, swollen, tender, very hot, and hard. She has a fever of 101° F. She has also had symptoms of the flu, such as chills, sweating, and feeling tired. The nurse notices that she has been breastfeeding for 1 month. From her description, what condition does the nurse suspect? A) Mastitis B) Paget's disease C) Plugged milk duct D) Mammary duct ectasia

a

Statement by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching? A. "The best time to check my breasts is a week before my cycle." B. "I will check my breasts in the shower one week after my cycle." C. "I will exam my breast in a clock-like sequence so that I don't miss any surface area." D. "I will be sure to check my arm pits."

c

A patient contacts the office and tells the nurse that she is worried about her 10-year-old daughter having breast cancer. She describes a unilateral enlargement of the right breast with associated tenderness. She is worried because the left breast is not enlarged. What would be the nurse's best response? A) Tell the mother that breast development is usually fairly symmetric and she should be examined right away. B) Tell the mother that she should bring her daughter in right away because breast cancer is fairly common in preadolescent girls. C) Tell the mother that, although an examination of her daughter would rule out a problem, it is most likely normal breast development. D) Tell the mother that it is unusual for breasts that are first developing to feel tender because they haven't developed much fibrous tissue.

a

A patient is newly diagnosed with benign breast disease. The nurse recognizes that which statement about benign breast disease is true? The presence of benign breast disease: A) makes it harder to examine the breasts. B) frequently turns into cancer in a woman's later years. C) is easily reduced with hormone replacement therapy. D) is usually diagnosed before a woman reaches childbearing age.

b

A patient states during the interview that she noticed a new lump in the shower a few days ago. It was on her left breast near her axilla. The nurse should plan to: A) palpate the lump first. B) palpate the unaffected breast first. C) avoid palpating the lump because it could be a cyst, which might rupture. D) palpate the breast with the lump first but plan to palpate the axilla last.

c

A pregnant woman who has breast implants asks the nurse if she can still breastfeed. What is the nurse's best response? A. "You should not have any problems breast feeding because your implants do not affect milk production." B. "When the breast implants are inserted they usually affect the milk glands, and breastfeeding is not possible." C. "This would depend on which type of implants were placed and which procedure was used by the surgeon. Check with your surgeon to see if your milk production will be affected."

a

A woman has just learned that she is pregnant. What are some things the nurse should teach her about her breasts? A) She can expect her areolae to become larger and darker in color. B) Breasts may begin secreting milk after the fourth month of pregnancy. C) She should inspect her breasts for visible veins and report this immediately. D) During pregnancy, breast changes are fairly uncommon; most of the changes occur after the birth.

c

A woman is in the family planning clinic seeking birth control information. She states that her breasts "change all month long" and that she is worried that this is unusual. What is the nurse's best response? A) Tell her that it is unusual. The breasts of nonpregnant females usually stay pretty much the same all month long. B) Tell her that it is very common for breasts to change in response to stress and that she should assess her life for stressful events. C) Tell her that, because of the changing hormones during the monthly menstrual cycle, cyclic breast changes are common. D) Tell her that breast changes normally occur only during pregnancy and that a pregnancy test is needed at this time.

extension

Straightening a limb at a joint

a

The production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is called: A) hematopoiesis. B) hemolysis. C) hemoptysis. D) hemianopsia.

a

During an examination, the nurse notes a supernumerary nipple just under the patient's left breast. The patient tells the nurse that she always thought it was a mole. Which statement about this finding is correct? A) It is a normal variation and not a significant finding. B) It is a significant finding and needs further investigation. C) It also contains glandular tissue and may leak milk during pregnancy and lactation. D) The patient is correct—it is actually a mole that happens to be located under the breast.

d

Anterior and posterior stability are provided to the knee joint by the: a) medial and lateral menisci b) patellar tendon and ligament c) medial collateral ligament and quadriceps muscle d) anterior and posterior cruciate ligament d

d

Anterior and posterior stability is provided to the knee joint by the: a. medial and lateral menisci. b. patellar tendon and ligament c. medial collateral ligament and quadriceps muscle. d. anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

d

Any lump found in the breast should be referred for further evaluation. A benign lesion will usually have 3 of the following characteristics. Which one is characteristic of a malignant lesion? a_ soft b) well-defined margins c) freely movable d) irregular shape

c

During an examination of a woman, the nurse notices that her left breast is slightly larger than her right breast. Which of these statements is true about this finding? A) Breasts should always be symmetric. B) This finding is probably due to breastfeeding and is nothing to worry about. C) This finding is not unusual, but the nurse should verify that this change is not new. D) This finding is very unusual and means she may have an inflammation or growth.

flexion

Bending a limb at a joint

b

Breast asymmetry: a) increases with age and parity b) may be normal c) indicated a neoplasm d) is accompanied by enlarged axillary lymph nodes

a

Bundles of muscle fibers that compose skeletal muscle are identified as: A) fasciculi. B) fasciculations. C) ligaments. D) tendons.

a

Crepitation is an audible sound that is produced by: A) roughened articular surfaces moving over each other. B) tendons or ligaments that slip over bones during motion. C) joints that are stretched when placed in hyperflexion or hyperextension. D) flexion and extension of an inflamed bursa.

b

During a breast examination on a female patient, the nurse notices that the nipple is flat, broad, and fixed. The patient states it "started doing that a few months ago." This finding suggests: A) dimpling. B) a retracted nipple. C) nipple inversion. D) deviation in nipple pointing

b

During a breast examination, you detect a mass. Identify the description that is most consistent with cancer rather than benign breast disease.

b

During a breast health interview, a patient states that she has noticed pain in her left breast. The nurse's most appropriate response to this would be: A) "Don't worry about the pain; breast cancer is not painful." B) "I would like some more information about the pain in your left breast." C) "Oh, I had pain like that after my son was born; it turned out to be a blocked milk duct." D) "Breast pain is almost always the result of benign breast disease."

c

During a discussion about breast self-examination with a 30-year-old woman, which of these statements by the nurse is most appropriate? A) "The best time to examine your breasts is during ovulation." B) "Examine your breasts every month on the same day of the month." C) "Examine your breasts shortly after your menstrual period each month." D) "The best time to examine your breasts is immediately before menstruation."

c

During a history interview, a female patient states that she has noticed a few drops of clear discharge from her right nipple. What should the nurse do next? A) Contact the physician immediately to report the discharge. B) Ask her if she is possibly pregnant. C) Ask her some additional questions about the medications she is taking. D) Immediately obtain a sample for culture and sensitivity testing.

c

During a physical examination, a 45-year-old woman states that she has had a crusty, itchy rash on her breast for about 2 weeks. In trying to find the cause of the rash, which of these would be important for the nurse to determine? A) Is the rash raised and red? B) Does it appear to be cyclic? C) Where did it first appear—on the nipple, the areola, or the surrounding skin? D) What was she doing when she first noticed the rash, and do her actions make it worse?

a

During a visit for a school physical, the 13-year-old girl being examined questions the asymmetry of her breasts. The best response is: a) "One breast may grow faster than the other during development." b) "I will give you a referral for a mammogram." c) "You will probably have fibrocystic disease when you are older." d) "This may be an indication of hormonal imbalance. We will check again in 6 months."

a

During an annual physical exam, a 43-year-old patient states that she doesn't perform monthly breast self-examinations (BSE). She tells the nurse that she believes that mammograms "do a much better job than I ever could to find a lump." The nurse should explain to her that: A) BSEs may detect lumps that appear between mammograms. B) breast self-examination is unnecessary until the age of 50 years. C) she is correct, mammography is a good replacement for breast self-examination. D) she doesn't need to perform breast self-examination as long as a physician checks her breasts yearly.

d

During an assessment of the spin, the patient would be asked to: a. abduct and extend. b. supinate, evert, and retract. c. extend, adduct, invert, and rotate. d. flex, extend, abduct, and rotate.

d

During an assessment of the spine, the patient would be asked to: a) adduct and extend b) supinate, evert, and retract c) extend, adduct, invert, and rotate d) flex, extend, abduct, and rotate

b

During an examination of a 7-year-old girl, the nurse notices that the girl is showing breast budding. What should the nurse do next? A) Ask her if her periods have started. B) Assess the girl's weight and body mass index (BMI). C) Ask the girl's mother at what age she started to develop breasts. D) Nothing; this is a normal finding

b

During an interview, a patient reveals that she is pregnant. She states that she is not sure whether she will breastfeed her baby and asks for some information about this. Which of these statements by the nurse is accurate with regard to breastfeeding? A) "Breastfed babies tend to be more colicky." B) "Breastfeeding provides the perfect food and antibodies for your baby." C) "Breastfed babies eat more often than infants on formula." D) "Breastfeeding is second nature and every woman can do it."

b

During the examination of a 30-year-old woman, she questions you about the "2 large moles" that are below her left breast. After examining the area, how do you respond? a) "I think you should be examined by a dermatologist." b) "This appears to be a normal finding of supernumerary nipples, due to the small areolae and nipples that are present." c) "These are Montgomery's glands, which are common." d) "Is there a possibility you are pregnant?"

c

During the examination of a 70-year-old man, you note gynecomastia. You would: a) refer for a biopsy. b) refer for a mammogram. c) review the medications for drugs that have gynecomastia as a side effect. d) proceed with the examination. This is a normal part of the aging process

d

During the examination of the breasts of a pregnant woman, you would expect to fine: a) peau d'orange. b) nipple retraction. c) a unilateral, obvious venous pattern. d) a blue vascular pattern over both breasts.

c

During the physical examination, the nurse notices that a female patient has an inverted left nipple. Which statement regarding this is most accurate? A) Normal nipple inversion is usually bilateral. B) A unilateral inversion of a nipple is always a serious sign. C) It should be determined whether the inversion is a recent change. D) Nipple inversion is not significant unless accompanied by an underlying palpable mass.

a

Examination of the shoulder includes four motions. These are: a) forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and external rotation b) abduction, adduction, pronation, and supination c) circumduction, inversion, eversion, and rotation d) elevation, retraction, protraction, and circumduction

a

Examination of the shoulder includes four motions. These are: a.forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and external rotation. b. abduction, adduction, pronation, and supination. c. circumduction, inversion, eversion, and rotation. d. elevation, retraction, protraction, and circumduction.

a

Gynecomastia is: a) enlargement of the male breast b) presence of "mast" cells in the male breast c) cancer of the male breast d) presence of supernumerary breast on the male chest.

a

Heberden and Bouchard nodes are hard and nontender and are associated with: A) osteoarthritis. B) rheumatoid arthritis. C) Dupuytren contracture. D) metacarpophalangeal bursitis.

b

If a patient reports a recent breast infection, then the nurse should expect to find _____ node enlargement. A) nonspecific B) ipsilateral axillary C) contralateral axillary D) inguinal and cervical

c

In examining a 70-year-old male patient, the nurse notices that he has bilateral gynecomastia. Which of the following describes the nurse's best course of action? A) Recommend that he make an appointment with his physician for a mammogram. B) Ignore it; it is not unusual for men to have benign breast enlargement. C) Explain that this condition may be the result of hormonal changes and recommend that he see his physician. D) Tell him that gynecomastia in men is usually associated with prostate enlargement and recommend that he be screened thoroughly.

b

In performing a breast examination, the nurse knows that it is especially important to examine the upper outer quadrant of the breast. The reason for this is that the upper outer quadrant is: A) the largest quadrant of the breast. B) the location of most breast tumors. C) where most of the suspensory ligaments attach. D) more prone to injury and calcifications than other locations in the breast.

c

In performing an assessment of a woman's axillary lymph system, the nurse should assess which of these nodes? A) Central, axillary, lateral, and sternal nodes B) Pectoral, lateral, anterior, and sternal nodes C) Central, lateral, pectoral, and subscapular nodes D) Lateral, pectoral, axillary, and suprascapular nodes

a

In which of the following ethnic groups has the lowest incidence of osteoporosis? A) African Americans B) Whites C) Asians D) American Indians

abduction

Moving a limb away from the midline of the body

c

Positive Phalen test and Tinel sign are seen in a patient with: a) a torn meniscus b) hallux valgus c) carpal tunnel syndrome d) tennis elbow

b

Pronation and supination of the hand and forearm are the result of the articulation of the : a. scapula and clavicle b. radius and ulna c. patella and condyle of fibula d. femur and acetabulum

b

Pronation and supination of the hand and forearm are the result of the articulation of the: a) scapula and clavicle b) radius and ulna c) patella and condyle of fibula d) femur and acetabulum

d

The reservoirs for storing milk in the breast are: a) lobules b) alveoli c) Montgomery's glands d) lactiferous sinuses

c

The breasts of a neonate may be large and very visible, secreting clear or white fluid. What is the basis of this finding? a) It may be due to birth trauma b) The fluid is colostrum, which is typically seen as a precursor to milk. c) The cause is maternal estrogen, which crossed the placenta. d) This often occurs with premature thelarche.

a

The bulge sign is a test for: a) swelling in the suprapatellar pouch b) carpal tunnel syndrome c) Heberden's nodes d) olecranon bursa inflammation

a

The bulge sign is a test for: a. swelling in the suprapatellar pouch. b. carpal tunnel syndrome c. Herberden's nodes d. olecranon bursa inflammation.

c

The divisions of the spinal vertebrae include: A) Cervical, thoracic, scaphoid, sacral, and clavicular. B) Scapular, clavicular, lumbar, scaphoid, and fasciculi. C) Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. D) Cervical, lumbar, iliac, synovial, and capsular.

c

The examiner is going to inspect the breasts for retraction. The best position for this part of the examination is: a) lying supine with arms at the sides b) leaning forward with hands outstretched c) sitting with hand pushing onto hips d) one arm at the side, the other arm elevated

c

The examiner is going to measure the patient's legs for discrepancy. The normal finding would be: a. no difference in measurements. b. 0.5 cm difference. c. within 1 cm of each other. d. 2 cm difference.

c

The examiner is going to measure the patient's legs for length discrepancy. The normal finding would be: a) no difference in measurements b) 0.5 cm difference c) within 1 cm of each other d) 2 cm difference

d

The knee joint is the articulation of three bones, the: A) femur, fibula, and patella. B) femur, radius, and olecranon process. C) fibula, tibia, and patella. D) femur, tibia, and patella.

b

The most common site of breast tumors is: a) upper inner quadrant b) upper outer quadrant c) lower inner quadrant d) lower outer quadrant

a

The musculoskeletal system functions include: A) protection and storage. B) movement and elimination. C) storage and control. D) propulsion and preservation.

c

The nurse has palpated a lump in a female patient's right breast. The nurse documents this as a small, round, firm, distinct, lump located at 2 o'clock, 2 cm from the nipple. It is nontender and fixed. There is no associated retraction of skin or nipple, no erythema, and no axillary lymphadenopathy. Which of these statements reveals the information that is missing from the documentation? It is missing information about: A) the shape of the lump. B) the lump's consistency. C) the size of the lump. D) whether the lump is solitary or multiple.

a,d,f

The nurse is assessing the breasts of a 68-year-old woman and discovers a mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. When assessing this mass, the nurse keeps in mind that characteristics of a cancerous mass include which of the following? Select all that apply. A) Nontender mass B) Dull, heavy pain on palpation C) Rubbery texture and mobile D) Hard, dense, and immobile E) Regular border F) Irregular, poorly delineated border

a

The nurse is assisting with a self-breast examination clinic. Which of these women reflect abnormal findings during the inspection phase of breast examination? A) Woman whose nipples are in different planes (deviated) B) Woman whose left breast is slightly larger than her right C) Nonpregnant woman whose skin is marked with linear striae D) Pregnant woman whose breasts have a fine blue network of veins visible under the skin

c

The nurse is conducting a class about breast self-examination (BSE). Which of these statements indicates proper BSE technique? A) The best time to perform BSE is in the middle of the menstrual cycle. B) The woman needs to do BSE only bimonthly unless she has fibrocystic breast tissue. C) The best time to perform BSE is 4 to 7 days after the first day of the menstrual period. D) If she suspects that she is pregnant, the woman should not perform a BSE until her baby is born.

a

The nurse is discussing breast self-examination with a postmenopausal woman. The best time for postmenopausal women to perform breast self-examination is: A) the same day every month. B) daily, during the shower or bath. C) 1 week after her menstrual period. D) every year with her annual gynecologic examination.

a,c,e,f

The nurse is examining a 62-year-old man and notes that he has gynecomastia bilaterally. The nurse should explore his history for which related conditions? Select all that apply. A) Obesity B) Malnutrition C) Hyperthyroidism D) Type 2 diabetes mellitus E) Liver disease F) History of alcohol abuse

a

The nurse is palpating a female patient's breasts during an examination. Which of these positions is most likely to make significant lumps more distinct during breast palpation? A) Supine with arms raised over her head B) Sitting with arms relaxed at the sides C) Supine with arms relaxed at the sides D) Sitting with arms flexed and fingertips touching shoulders

d

The nurse is performing a breast examination. Which of these statements best describes the correct procedure to use when screening for nipple and skin retraction during a breast examination? Have the woman: A) bend over and touch her toes. B) lie down on her left side and notice any retraction. C) shift from a supine position to a standing position; notice any lag or retraction. D) slowly lift her arms above her head and note any retraction or lag in movement.

c

The nurse is preparing for a class in early detection of breast cancer. Which statement is true with regard to breast cancer in African-American women in the United States? A) Breast cancer is not a threat to African-American women. B) African-American women have a lower incidence of regional or distant breast cancer than white women. C) African-American women are more likely to die of breast cancer at any age. D) Breast cancer incidence in African-American women is higher than that of white women after age 45.

c

The nurse is preparing to teach a woman about breast self-examination (BSE). Which statement by the nurse is correct? A) "BSE is more important than ever for you because you have never had any children." B) "BSE is so important because one out of nine women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime." C) "BSE on a monthly basis will help you feel familiar with your own breasts and their normal variations." D) "BSE will save your life because you are likely to find a cancerous lump between mammograms."

d

The nurse is reviewing risk factors for breast cancer. Which of these women have risk factors that place them at a higher risk for breast cancer? A) 37 year old who is slightly overweight B) 42 year old who has had ovarian cancer C) 45 year old who has never been pregnant D) 65 year old whose mother had breast cancer

a

The nurse is reviewing statistics regarding breast cancer. Which woman, aged 40 years in the United States, has the highest risk for development of breast cancer? A) African-American B) White C) Asian D) American Indian

d

The nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about breast milk. Which statement by the nurse is correct? A) "Your breast milk is present immediately after delivery of the baby." B) "Breast milk is rich in protein and sugars (lactose) but has very little fat." C) "The colostrum, which is present right after birth, does not contain the same nutrition as breast milk does." D) "You may notice a thick, yellow fluid expressed from your breasts as early as the fourth month of pregnancy."

a

This is the first visit for a woman, age 38 years. The practitioner instructs her that a baseline mammogram is recommended for women between the ages of 35 and 39 years and that the clinical examination schedule would be based on age. The recommendation for women ages 40 to 49 years is: a) every year b) every 2 years c) twice a year d) only the baseline examination is needed unless the woman has symptoms

c

When a breastfeeding mother is diagnosed with a breast abscess, which of these instructions from the nurse is correct? The mother needs to: A) continue to nurse on both sides to encourage milk flow. B) discontinue nursing immediately to allow for healing. C) temporarily discontinue nursing on affected breast and manually express milk and discard it. D) temporarily discontinue nursing on affected breast but can manually express milk and give it to the baby.

b

When assessing an infant, the examiner completes Ortolani maneuver by: a) lifting the newborn and noting a C-shaped curvature of the spine b) gently lifting and abducting the infant's flexed knees while palpating the great trochanter with the fingers c) comparing the height of the tops of the knees when the knees are flexed up d) palpating the length of the clavicles

a

When assessing for the presence of a herniated nucleus pulposus, the examiner would: A) raise each of the patient's legs straight while keeping the knee extended. B) ask the patient to bend over and touch the floor while keeping the legs straight. C) instruct the patient to do a knee bend. D) abduct and adduct the patient's legs while keeping the knee extended.

c

When teaching the breast self-examination, you would inform the woman that the best time to conduct breast self-examination is: a) at the onset of the menstrual period. b) on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. c) on the 4th to 7th day of the cycle. d) just before the menstrual period.

b

When testing for muscle strength, the examiner should: A) observe muscles for the degree of contraction when the individual lifts a heavy object. B) apply an opposing force when the individual puts a joint in flexion or extension. C) measure the degree of force that it takes to overcome joint flexion or extension. D) estimate the degree of flexion and extension in each joint.

b

Which is the first physical change associated with puberty in girls? a) areolar elevation b) breast bud development c) height spurt d) pubic hair development e) menarche

b

Which of the following statements is true regarding the internal structures of the breast? The breast is: A) mainly muscle, with very little fibrous tissue. B) composed of fibrous, glandular, and adipose tissue. C) composed mostly of milk ducts, known as lactiferous ducts. D) composed of glandular tissue, which supports the breast by attaching to the chest wall.

c

Which of the following women should not be referred to a physician for further evaluation? a) a 26-year-old with multiple nodules palpated in each breast b) a 48-year-old who has a 6-month history of reddened and sore left nipple and areolar area c) a 25-year-old with asymmetric breasts and inversion of nipples since adolescence d) a 64-year-old with ulcerated area at tip of right nipple; no masses, tenderness, or lymph nodes palpated

d

Which of these clinical situations would the nurse consider to be outside normal limits? A) A patient has had one pregnancy. She states that she believes she may be entering menopause. Her breast examination reveals breasts that are soft and sag slightly. B) A patient has never been pregnant. Her breast examination reveals large pendulous breasts that have a firm, transverse ridge along the lower quadrant in both breasts. C) A patient has never been pregnant. She reports that she should begin her period tomorrow. Her breast examination reveals breast tissue that is nodular and somewhat engorged. She states that the examination was slightly painful. D) A patient has had two pregnancies and she breastfed both of her children. Her youngest child is now 10 years old. Her breast examination reveals breast tissue that is somewhat soft and she has a small amount of thick yellow discharge from both nipples.

c

While examining a 75-year-old woman, the nurse notices that the skin over her right breast is thickened and the hair follicles are exaggerated. This condition is known as: A) dimpling. B) retraction. C) peau d'orange. D) benign breast disease.

b

While inspecting a patient's breasts, the nurse finds that the left breast is slightly larger than the right with the presence of Montgomery's glands bilaterally. The nurse should: A) palpate over the Montgomery's glands, checking for drainage. B) consider these normal findings and proceed with the examination. C) ask extensive history questions regarding the woman's breast asymmetry. D) continue with examination and then refer the patient for further evaluation of the Montgomery's glands.

adduction

moving a limb toward the midline of the body

supination

moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder

pronation

turning the forearm so that the palm is down